Events
Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Begin the flare with progressive back pressure and keep it coming until the sink is arrested, rather than flying it on flat.
What happened: The nose was barely raised in the flare and little of the sink was taken out, flying the aircraft onto the runway. This pattern usually carries through to a firm touchdown with a noticeable sink rate.
Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a smoothly reducing sink through the normal flare band, not a steady rate into the runway.
The rudder input is a changing profile through the roll rather than one that is held. So the demand on your right foot starts large at power application, eases as speed builds and the rudder gains authority, then jumps again at rotation.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 14 stages, 12 in the score
Events
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 62 kt, 8 kt above the 54 kt target, and lifted off at 64 kt 0.8 s later, the nose coming up at 4.1° a second. Climb 3 averaged 62 kt, 7 kt under its 69 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 464 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 520 m of runway left; then climbing at 770 fpm on average to 464 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 1,138 m runway.
Rolled from 27 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 5 m at the widest, and lifted off 3.9 m right. Airborne 36 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
Still turning onto final at the lower gate, so the centreline and wings level are not asked there - the aeroplane was not lined up yet, and was banked because it was turning. The other checks are marked as usual.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: banked until 1.1 nm, right of the centreline until 0.3 nm, fast from 0.4 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 1.3 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 160 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 236 m right of the centreline at 1.3 nm, then inside the band from 0.3 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 27 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 16 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 1.3 nm, where the final began, to 0.4 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +14 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare held the target profile well. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 4.7° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 299 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
8 kt across from the left, which takes about 10° of crab to hold the centreline at 45 kt. Touched down with 5° of it still on, 3° of bank.
Wind 090° at 9 kt · 3 kt tail · 8 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 54 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 24 s, an average deceleration of 0.05 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 51 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 21 ft. Touched down 299 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 450 fpm at the flare to 180 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.7° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,826 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 4.6 m left on the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 299 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Cessna 152 taxied from the parking area to runway 28 at UK11 Rufforth in 1 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
Take-off was made on runway 28. The aircraft used 430 m of runway, 38 % of the available length, and rotated at 62 kt. Local weather at departure was 14 °C with wind 12 kt from 091°, giving a 2 kt crosswind and a 12 kt tailwind component.
Initial climb to 1 000 ft agl took 33 seconds, averaging 721 fpm and reaching 66 kt at the top of the climb. The climb continued from 263 ft asl to 702 ft asl in 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm and passing overhead Rufforth.
The aircraft then levelled at about 700 ft asl for 14 minutes, flying 19 nm and beginning the leg roughly 1 mile north-west of Rufforth.
Descent for the final approach to runway 20 at EGXZ RAF Topcliffe began from 335 ft agl and reached -215 ft agl in 70 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, on glideslope, wings level - all met; on centreline and on speed - not met.
Landing was made on runway 20, whose length is 1 826 m. The threshold height was good and the threshold speed was 61 kt, described as good. The flare was very good, with little round-out. Touchdown occurred 299 m down the runway at 45 kt, a good speed, with a descent rate of -184 fpm, also good. Alignment at touchdown was perfect and there was no bounce. Total landing distance was 803 m, 44 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was very good.
Local weather at the destination was 14 °C with wind 9 kt from 090°, giving an 8 kt crosswind and a 3 kt tailwind component.
After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area in less than 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 22 nm, lasted 17 minutes and used 3 kg of fuel.
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