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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Hold the approach aim point and let the aircraft settle onto 457 m instead of holding it off in the flare.
What happened: Touchdown point came 74 m past the target, landing at 531 m against the 457 m aim point, with threshold speed and the flare both within limits.
Watch for: Touchdown distance marker: 457 m from the threshold.
Below 10,000 ft you are typically limited to 250 kt indicated (a US rule that much of the world mirrors in some form, though not universally). This forces a deceleration around 10,000 ft whether the profile wants one or not, so plan for it rather than discovering it.
Read more in Descent PlanningStart to finish · 19 stages, 17 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 113 kt, on the 112 kt target, and lifted off at 145 kt 5.0 s later, the nose coming up at 1.5° a second. Climb 3 held close to its 187 kt target, at 185 kt on average.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 864 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,078 m of runway left; gear up at 9 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,690 fpm on average to 864 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 2,377 m runway.
Rolled from 165 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 2.1 m at the widest, and lifted off 1.5 m right. Airborne 40 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 3.7 to 1.5 nm, then not again: low from 1.5 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
On the glideslope from 4 nm to 1.5 nm, then low to the threshold (up to 190 ft under).
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 85 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 30 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 18 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between +5 kt and +21 kt on the approach speed of 121 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Perfect landing flare
Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.
Wind 290° at 4 kt · 3 kt tail · 2 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 125 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 25 s, an average deceleration of 0.21 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,572 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 43 ft, 59 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 34 ft, 16 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 531 m in, 227 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,572 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 560 fpm at the flare to 130 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.0° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,572 m of the 2,125 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 4.4 m left at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 531 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Learjet 35 taxied from the parking area to runway 24R at CYHU Montréal / Saint-Hubert Airport in 7 minutes, covering a distance of 1 nm.
During the departure roll on runway 24R, the aircraft accelerated over a takeoff distance of 970 m, representing 41 % of the runway, and lifted off at 146 kt; ambient temperature was 22 °C with a wind of 4 kt from 230 °, a headwind component of 3 kt and no cross-wind.
The first en-route climb commenced overhead CYHU, climbing from 1,025 ft asl to 30,220 ft asl - an increase of 29,196 ft - in 10 minutes while covering 53 nm.
A level cruise segment began 5 nm north of Tres-Saint-Redempteur, lasting 2 minutes and extending 11 nm.
The next climb started 1 nm north-west of CYIG Hawkesbury Airport, gaining 677 ft from 30,412 ft asl to 31,089 ft asl in 2 minutes and traversing 10 nm.
A subsequent cruise phase originated 5 nm south of Plantagenet, persisted for 5 minutes and covered 32 nm.
The third climb was initiated 2 nm west of Ottawa, rising from 31,552 ft asl to 39,945 ft asl - an increase of 8,393 ft - in 7 minutes and spanning 39 nm.
The final cruise segment began 9 nm south of CNL6 Hurds Lake Seaplane Base, lasted 22 minutes and encompassed 134 nm.
Descent began overhead Keswick, descending from 39,844 ft asl to 2,066 ft asl - a loss of 37,778 ft - in 18 minutes while covering 91 nm.
On final approach to runway 08 at CYKF Region of Waterloo International Airport, the aircraft descended from 1,114 ft agl to 45 ft agl in 101 seconds, meeting the stabilisation gates criteria.
Landing on runway 08 was executed with a threshold speed of 126 kt; touchdown occurred 113 m beyond the touchdown zone at 119 kt and a vertical speed of minus 172 fpm, with perfect runway-touchdown alignment. Local weather reported 18 °C, wind 4 kt from 290 °, a cross-wind component of 3 kt and a tail-wind component of 3 kt. The total landing distance measured 1,490 m, equivalent to 70 % of the 2,125 m runway.
Runway rollout alignment was very good as the aircraft decelerated and exited the runway.
The aircraft taxied from the runway to the parking area in 5 minutes, covering a further 1 nm.
In total, the flight covered 379 nm, required 79 minutes of flight time and consumed 824 kg of fuel.
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