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EDFB
Reichelsheim, Germany
Runway 18
Elevation397 ft asl
Weight10,762 kg
Fuel1,094 kg
Wind203° · 23 kn · 10 kn cross

Flight Score

89.35 %
EDFB
Reichelsheim, Germany
Runway 18
Elevation397 ft asl
Weight10,712 kg
Fuel1,041 kg
Wind202° · 24 kn · 10 kn cross
9 Jan 2026 0:12 21 nm Douglas DC-3 53 kg
Departure Score
93.08 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
74.98 %

What went well

Touched down at -158 fpm — a soft arrival
1.12 G at touchdown — inside band
Lifted off at 88 kt — on the 80 kt target

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Flare profile at 0 %, Threshold speed was excessively high at 94 kt at 18 %, −2.79 points
Arrival Final 2 — Approach angle 5.2 ° at 0 %, bank angle up to 9.0 ° at 84 %, −1.85 points
Departure Climb 3 — bank angle up to 24.3 ° at 41 %, Heading variation -4.7 ° at 70 %, −1.48 points

Next time

Work on the flare

See Arrival Landing

Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield, Average speed was 46 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 29 kt0 kt min to max 40 kt 0 40 kt
Info Average pitch angle 9.7 °8.3 ° min to max 12.0 ° 12.0 8.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.2 °
Info Average g force 0.96 g0.94 g min to max 0.99 g 0.99 0.96 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 9 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 9 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 9 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 9 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 9 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Parking Brake On 9 ft agl · 20 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 9 ft agl · 15 kt
Departure Roll 97.84Departure roll runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield. Takeoff distance 582 m 47 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 88 kt. Local weather - Temperature 6 °C. Wind 23 kt at 203 °. Crosswind: 10 kt Headwind: 21 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 582 m47 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 88 ktTarget 80 kt
89 % Runway alignment max 6.01 m left6.01 m left to 5.94 m right -5.94 -3.48 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.08 g 0.96 1.08 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 4.5 °1.8 ° min to max 8.3 ° 8.3 5.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.2 1.0 °
Departure Climb 1 98.81Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.8 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 -0.8 °
100 % Average speed 92 kt89 kt min to max 96 kt 89 95 kt
95 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.2 ° min to max 3.8 ° 0.9 2.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.96 g min to max 1.11 g 1.08 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 509 fpm199 fpm min to max 684 fpm 199 684 fpm
Info Average altitude 20 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 49 ft agl 0 49 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.6 °5.4 ° min to max 8.9 ° 5.4 8.2 °
Departure Climb 2 93.44Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
77 % Heading variation -1.6 °-3.8 ° min to max -0.8 ° -0.8 -3.8 °
100 % Average speed 99 kt92 kt min to max 116 kt 95 116 kt
97 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.1 ° min to max 3.3 ° 2.3 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.94 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 714 fpm521 fpm min to max 1,208 fpm 686 1,109 fpm
Info Average altitude 117 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 414 ft agl 50 414 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.6 °6.1 ° min to max 8.4 ° 8.2 7.1 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 60 ft agl · 97 kt
Departure Climb 3 82.24Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
70 % Heading variation -4.7 °-5.8 ° min to max -4.1 ° -4.1 -5.8 °
100 % Average speed 115 kt111 kt min to max 119 kt 112 116 kt
41 % Average bank angle 6.2 °0.0 ° min to max 24.3 ° 0.7 24.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.14 g 0.93 1.14 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,109 fpm542 fpm min to max 1,559 fpm 1,003 706 fpm
Info Average altitude 681 ft agl431 ft agl min to max 895 ft agl 431 895 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.1 °4.9 ° min to max 8.7 ° 6.7 6.0 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Florstadt (Hessen, Germany). Climbing from 1,312 ft asl to 2,135 ft asl, an increase of 823 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 126 kt115 kt min to max 138 kt 116 136 kt
100 % Average bank angle 5.3 °0.1 ° min to max 23.8 ° 23.8 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.74 g min to max 1.23 g 1.09 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 486 fpm-320 fpm min to max 1,045 fpm 748 662 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,769 ft asl1,312 ft asl min to max 2,135 ft asl 1,312 2,135 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °-0.5 ° min to max 6.7 ° 6.4 3.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Glauburg (Hessen, Germany) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±607 ft of 2,310 ft asl2,147 ft asl min to max 2,448 ft asl 2,147 2,247 ft asl
100 % Average speed 137 kt129 kt min to max 142 kt 135 134 kt
100 % Average bank angle 8.2 °0.0 ° min to max 16.0 ° 1.1 2.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.85 g min to max 1.18 g 0.99 0.97 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-3.1 ° min to max 5.1 ° 2.8 -0.5 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Nidda (Hessen, Germany). Descent from 2,242 ft asl to 1,577 ft asl, a decrease of 665 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 125 kt100 kt min to max 141 kt 134 100 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 6.4 ° 0.3 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.83 g min to max 1.20 g 1.05 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -435 fpm-1,205 fpm min to max 371 fpm -256 62 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,922 ft asl1,552 ft asl min to max 2,242 ft asl 2,242 1,577 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-4.4 ° min to max 4.0 ° -0.0 3.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,459 ft agl · 139 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south of Hungen (Hessen, Germany) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±579 ft of 1,478 ft asl1,401 ft asl min to max 1,606 ft asl 1,577 1,419 ft asl
100 % Average speed 98 kt90 kt min to max 105 kt 99 104 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.7 °0.0 ° min to max 19.2 ° 1.7 6.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.88 g min to max 1.23 g 0.99 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °-1.3 ° min to max 8.5 ° 3.0 1.2 °
Arrival Final 3 80.58Approaching runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 1,016 ft agl to 908 ft agl. A decrease of 109 ft in 23 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
39 % Approach angle 4.1 °3.8 ° min to max 4.4 °Target 3.0 ° 3.8 4.4 °
100 % Average speed 103 kt102 kt min to max 105 kt 104 103 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.9 ° min to max 0.7 ° -0.9 0.7 °
94 % Average bank angle 2.9 °0.1 ° min to max 5.3 ° 3.6 3.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.05 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -273 fpm-400 fpm min to max -105 fpm -340 -400 fpm
Info Average altitude 967 ft agl908 ft agl min to max 1,016 ft agl 1,016 908 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.1 ° min to max 2.0 ° 1.3 0.1 °
22.252.52.7538509009501,000Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-120-90-60-300306090120Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 66.76Approaching runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 901 ft agl to 465 ft agl. A decrease of 435 ft in 49 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Approach angle 5.2 °4.4 ° min to max 6.2 °Target 3.0 ° 4.4 6.2 °
100 % Average speed 103 kt97 kt min to max 107 kt 104 98 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.7 °0.3 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.7 0.4 °
84 % Average bank angle 3.1 °0.0 ° min to max 9.0 ° 1.3 4.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.87 g min to max 1.13 g 1.00 0.87 g
Info Average VSI -520 fpm-887 fpm min to max -175 fpm -418 -716 fpm
Info Average altitude 699 ft agl465 ft agl min to max 901 ft agl 901 465 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-2.4 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.1 -2.4 °
11.251.51.752500550600650700750800850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 79.25Approaching runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 448 ft agl to 52 ft agl. A decrease of 397 ft in 21 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
39 % Approach angle 4.2 °3.3 ° min to max 6.2 °Target 3.0 ° 6.2 3.3 °
100 % Average speed 98 kt94 kt min to max 105 kt 98 94 kt
66 % Heading variation 0.1 °-1.4 ° min to max 0.8 ° -0.1 0.8 °
91 % Average bank angle 4.7 °0.3 ° min to max 7.2 ° 5.0 2.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.95 g0.84 g min to max 1.18 g 0.85 0.97 g
Info Average VSI -844 fpm-1,520 fpm min to max -541 fpm -1,019 -1,052 fpm
Info Average altitude 123 ft agl52 ft agl min to max 448 ft agl 448 52 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.8 °-6.2 ° min to max 0.0 ° -3.6 -1.1 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 190 ft agl · 107 kt
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-80-60-40-20020406080Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 49.72Landing on runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield, runway length 1,230 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 94 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
18 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 94 kt. Target 65 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
0 % Very poor landing flare
58 % Runway alignment max 0.47 m left0.47 m left to 0.24 m left 0.24 0.27 m
95 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 2.5 2.7 °
99 % Average g force 1.03 g0.71 g min to max 1.53 g 0.98 0.96 g
Info Average speed 83 kt73 kt min to max 97 kt 94 73 kt
Info Average VSI -164 fpm-1,065 fpm min to max 560 fpm -1,056 -143 fpm
Info Average altitude 15 ft agl-4 ft agl min to max 40 ft agl 40 -4 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.8 °-1.0 ° min to max 9.4 ° -1.0 6.5 °
07515022530037545052560067575001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525600675750-15-12-9-6-303691215Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 87.53Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 73 kt was too fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -143 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 8.8 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 5 °C. Wind 21 kt at 203 °. Crosswind: 9 kt Headwind: 19 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
98 % Touchdown rate was -143 fpm.
79 % Touchdown distance was 650 mTarget 457 m
87 % Speed at touchdown 73 ktTarget below 60 kt
79 % Runway alignment max 8.81 m left8.35 m left 8.81 7.86 m
99.6 % Average bank angle 2.9 °2.7 ° min to max 3.0 ° 2.7 3.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g0.96 g min to max 1.12 g 0.96 1.09 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 73 kt73 kt min to max 73 kt 73 73 kt
Info Average pitch angle 7.7 °6.5 ° min to max 9.1 ° 6.5 9.1 °
Arrival Rollout 86.03Total landing distance 962 m, 78 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 7.8 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
87 % Landing distance 962 m78 % of runway.
83 % Runway alignment max 7.76 m left7.76 m left to 7.67 m right 7.76 -2.26 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.08 g 1.08 1.00 g
Info Average speed 50 kt33 kt min to max 54 kt 54 33 kt
Info Average pitch angle 7.5 °6.0 ° min to max 9.8 ° 9.3 9.8 °
Info Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 3.0 0.5 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 10 ft agl · 67 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 41 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 20 kt6 kt min to max 30 kt 30 6 kt
Info Average pitch angle 11.6 °9.2 ° min to max 12.2 ° 9.2 11.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.4 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.02 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 88 kt with 5.5° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF5.5° off8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 54 kt 8.3° 0 s
Liftoff394 m · target 80 88 kt 5.5° 13.5 s
35 ft582 m · 4.8 s after liftoff 92 kt 8.1° 18.3 s
End of Climb 33,167 m · 895 ft 116 kt 6.0° 72 s

Takeoff from EDFB 18

Takeoff roll100.00
578m47 %
Liftoff speed100.00
88kttarget 80, 8 fast
Runway alignment89.21
6.01m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb98.81
508fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 895 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 459 m of runway left; then climbing at 920 fpm on average to 895 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050607080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 88 ktSCALE CHANGES2.1 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,230 m runway.

Rolled from 189 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 6 m at the widest, and lifted off 3.5 m right, in 9 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 47 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS9 kn75 %widest 6.01 m LROLL 189 M INAirborne 582 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 582 m of 1,230 m · 47 %
Behind the start of the roll, 189 mTakeoff roll, 394 m Left ahead, 647 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

At the 1,000 ft gate: no landing flap set and centreline more than 1° off.

At the 500 ft gate: no landing flap set, glideslope more than 1° off the runway's 3° and speed more than 12 kt above the approach speed of 82 kt.

When the approach was stable

Never every check met at once: no landing flap until 0.2 nm, fast from 2.8 nm, high from 2.1 nm and right of the centreline from 0.5 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to EDFB 18

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

On the glideslope from 4 nm to 2.1 nm, then high to the threshold (up to 310 ft over).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,0469466334161,000 ft gate5 of 7landing flapon centreline1,088 ft · 97 kt500 ft gate4 of 7landing flapon glideslopeon speed852 ft · 102 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 826 m left of the centreline, then inside it from 2.8 to 1.1 nm, then drifted 42 m left between 1.1 and 0.5 nm, then 42 m right of it from 0.5 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND826 m L11 m L41 m L5 m R284 m L37 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 21 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 12 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 2.8 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +25 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 82+13 kt+22 kt+23 kt+17 kt+12 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on EDFB 18

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
38ft
Threshold speed17.66
93kttarget 82, 11 fast
Centreline offset58.40
0.47m L

Touchdown

Past threshold78.78
651m
Centreline78.98
8.81m L
Speed86.50
72kttarget 80 or less
Touchdown rate98.36
-158fpm
Impact100.00
1.12G
Bounces80.00
1
The flare0.00

Very poor landing flare

The crosswind

10 kt across from the right, which takes about 8° of crab to hold the centreline at 73 kt. Touched down with 4° of it still on, 3° of bank.

Wind 202° at 24 kt · 22 kt head · 10 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 55 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 15 s, an average deceleration of 0.09 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

020406030 kt · 330 mtouchdown343 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,230 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 38 ft, 12 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 651 m in, 346 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,230 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

38 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −158 fpm · 6.5° nose up · 73 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 38 ft, down at 651 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From 40 ft the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 670 fpm before coming down at 160 fpm to touch. The nose came up 7.5° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−750−1,500−1°4°10°touchdown−158 fpm at touchdown6.5° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,230 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 7.9 m left of the centreline, and steered back to 3.5 m right by the end of the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 10 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 651 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 651 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 1.12 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 947 m of 1,230 m · 77 %
In the air over the runway, 651 mRollout, 295 m Left over, 283 m
Rollout distance93.31
295m77 % used
Rollout alignment82.83
7.76m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with a departure roll from runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield, where the aircraft, a Douglas DC-3, took off after covering 582 meters, or 47% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 88 knots. At the time of departure, the local weather conditions were characterized by a temperature of 6 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 23 knots from a direction of 203 degrees. This resulted in a crosswind of 10 knots and a headwind of 21 knots.

As the aircraft climbed, it started its enroute climb overhead Florstadt, Hessen, Germany, rising from an altitude of 1,312 feet above sea level to 2,135 feet above sea level, an increase of 823 feet in just 2 minutes, while covering a distance of 4 nautical miles. The enroute level cruise then began overhead Glauburg, Hessen, Germany, lasting for 3 minutes and covering 7 nautical miles.

The aircraft then started its enroute descent overhead Nidda, Hessen, Germany, descending from 2,242 feet above sea level to 1,577 feet above sea level, a decrease of 665 feet in 2 minutes, while covering a distance of 3 nautical miles. Following this, the aircraft entered another enroute level cruise, this time 2 miles south of Hungen, Hessen, Germany, lasting for 3 minutes and covering 3 nautical miles.

As the aircraft approached its destination, it began its final approach to runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield from the north, heading 172.0 degrees at a distance of 2 nautical miles and an altitude of 1,016 feet above ground level. The landing on runway 18 was characterized by a threshold speed that was excessively high at 94 knots, resulting in a touchdown point that was very long, using more than 50% of the available runway. The touchdown speed was also too fast at 73 knots, but the touchdown rate was smooth at -143 feet per minute.

The runway touchdown position was misaligned by 8.8 meters from the centreline, and the runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 7.8 meters from the centreline. The total landing distance was 962 meters, or 78% of the runway. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 5 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 21 knots from a direction of 203 degrees, resulting in a crosswind of 9 knots and a headwind of 19 knots.

In conclusion, the flight was completed with a total distance of 21 nautical miles, taking 12 minutes to complete, and using 53 kilograms of fuel.

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