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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Make small rudder corrections against a point at the far end to hold the centreline.
What happened: During the ground roll you drifted 12 m off the runway centreline.
Watch for: Watch runway alignment against the centreline, correcting with small rudder inputs.
See Departure Roll
Arrival
Begin raising the nose sooner, at 11 ft, rather than waiting until 1.5 ft.
What happened: The flare began late at 1.5 ft, below the normal band.
Watch for: Radio altimeter approaching 11 ft as the cue to start the flare.
See Arrival Landing
A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 11 stages, 10 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 173 kt with 8.4° of pitch. Climb 3 averaged 211 kt, 13 kt over its 198 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 902 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,761 m of runway left; gear up at 5 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,090 fpm on average to 902 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 3,671 m runway.
Rolled from 1,331 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 12 m at the widest, and lifted off 12 m left, in 7 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 40 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
At the 1,000 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 2.8 to 0.6 nm, then not again: left of the centreline from 0.6 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 40 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 223 m right of the centreline, then inside it from 2.8 to 0.6 nm, then 24 m left of it from 0.6 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 39 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 24 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between +3 kt and +16 kt on the approach speed of 157 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare held the target profile well. Crossing the threshold 10 kt above target, the flare began at 2 ft agl above the runway, lower than this aircraft wants. Touchdown was 497 m past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.
7 kt across from the left, which takes about 2° of crab to hold the centreline at 163 kt. Touched down with the nose 6° into wind, wings level.
Wind 220° at 15 kt · 13 kt head · 7 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 149 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 35 s, an average deceleration of 0.18 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 42 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 2 ft. Touched down 497 m in, 193 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 200 fpm at the flare to 160 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,671 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 3.7 m right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 5.3 m left at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 497 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Boeing 777F departed from runway 23L at NZAA Auckland International Airport. Takeoff used 1,498 m, 41 % of the runway, and liftoff occurred at 174 kt. Local weather was 17 °C with wind 14 kt from 220°, giving a 7 kt cross-wind and a 12 kt head-wind.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 48 seconds, averaging 1,043 fpm and reaching 202 kt at the top. The aircraft then climbed from 964 ft asl to 1,439 ft asl in 1 minute while covering 2 nm, starting 2 mi west of the airport.
Cruise was level at 1,500 ft asl for 5 minutes, covering 18 nm, beginning 4 mi south-west of the airport.
During final approach to runway 23L, descent from 1,314 ft agl to 64 ft agl was completed in 91 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, speed, and wings level; the centreline check was not met at one gate.
Landing was on runway 23L, whose length is 3,671 m. The threshold speed was slightly above target at 163 kt. The flare began late but was described as great. Touchdown occurred 80 m beyond the touchdown zone at 163 kt, a little fast, with a descent rate of minus 159 fpm. The touchdown point was misaligned by 3.7 m from the centreline. No bounce occurred. Total landing distance was 1,058 m, 29 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was very good.
The flight covered 28 nm in 9 minutes and consumed 2,231 kg of fuel. Local weather at landing was 17 °C with wind 14 kt from 220°, a 7 kt cross-wind and a 12 kt head-wind.
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