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HKRE
Nairobi, Kenya
Runway 24
Elevation5,295 ft asl
Weight767 kg
Fuel49 kg
Wind295° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

95.12 %
HKRE
Nairobi, Kenya
Runway 24
Elevation5,295 ft asl
Weight759 kg
Fuel40 kg
Wind299° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross
1 Nov 2026 0:11 25 nm Cessna 172 9 kg
Departure Score
94.96 %
Enroute Score
99.61 %
Arrival Score
90.79 %

What went well

Touchdown 127 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 7 ft and 63 kt — both inside band
Flare on profile — 96 %

What held you back

Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 17.54 m right at 54 %, −1.71 points
Departure Climb 2 — Heading variation -2.2 ° at 47 %, −0.89 points
Departure Taxi — Taxi Lights at 0 %, −0.67 points

Next time

Departure

Level the wings with coordinated aileron to hold 4.8° of bank out of the climb.

What happened: The pilot held 4.8° of bank during the climb out, and excess bank like this usually carries a heading drift into the next climb segment.

Watch for: Attitude indicator and heading bug, keeping bank near wings level so heading holds steady.

See Departure Climb 1Departure Climb 2

Arrival

Track the centreline through touchdown using small rudder corrections against a point at the far end of the runway.

What happened: The aircraft touched down off the centreline at 9.8 m, and drifting off centreline at touchdown usually carries through into the rollout, as it did here with alignment reaching 18 m.

Watch for: Watch runway centreline position, keeping deviation inside the limit through touchdown and rollout.

See Arrival LandingArrival Rollout

Ground control varies with speed, full authority at walking pace, progressively reducing as groundspeed rises. The aircraft becomes twitchy at any speed, every small pedal input swings the nose, which can encourage large-amplitude leg inputs that no real aircraft would accept.

Read more in How to Taxi Anywhere

Start to finish · 14 stages, 12 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 7 kt0 kt min to max 13 kt 0 13 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 13 ktmax 13 kt 0 13 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °1.3 ° min to max 2.5 ° 2.0 1.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.1 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Autopilot Avionics Managed Activated 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 24 at HKRE Moi Air Base, Average speed was 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 9 kt0 kt min to max 19 kt 13 19 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °0.1 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.9 2.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.99 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 24 at HKRE Moi Air Base. Takeoff distance 425 m 17 % of runway. Rotation speed was 54 kt. Local weather - Temperature -30 °C. Wind 1 kt at 295 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 425 m17 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 54 ktTarget 52 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.85 m right0.00 m left to 1.85 m right -1.85 -1.32 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.07 g 0.98 1.05 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-3.2 ° min to max 5.4 ° 1.7 4.9 °
Info Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 0.1 2.5 °
Departure Climb 1 98.17Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 24 HKRE Moi Air Base.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-1.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -1.0 °
100 % Average speed 63 kt59 kt min to max 65 kt 59 65 kt
93 % Average bank angle 4.8 °2.6 ° min to max 7.6 ° 2.6 2.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.82 g min to max 1.29 g 1.04 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 617 fpm383 fpm min to max 750 fpm 383 681 fpm
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 37 ft agl 0 37 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.3 °4.6 ° min to max 11.2 ° 4.7 9.0 °
Departure Climb 2 86.63Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 24 HKRE Moi Air Base.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
47 % Heading variation -2.2 °-6.2 ° min to max -1.0 ° -1.0 -6.2 °
100 % Average speed 67 kt65 kt min to max 71 kt 65 71 kt
99.5 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.0 ° min to max 5.2 ° 2.3 2.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.79 g min to max 1.19 g 1.02 1.19 g
Info Average VSI 805 fpm680 fpm min to max 1,264 fpm 680 799 fpm
Info Average altitude 98 ft agl37 ft agl min to max 375 ft agl 37 375 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.7 °6.6 ° min to max 12.6 ° 9.0 10.9 °
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 24 HKRE Moi Air Base.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 71 kt54 kt min to max 82 ktTarget 78 kt, 7 kt slow 71 82 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.9 °0.1 ° min to max 10.8 ° 1.1 7.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.78 g min to max 1.24 g 1.14 1.00 g
100 % Landing gear fixed
Info Heading variation -8.1 °-9.5 ° min to max -6.3 ° -6.3 -8.5 °
Info Average VSI 972 fpm43 fpm min to max 1,866 fpm 1,039 1,198 fpm
Info Average altitude 685 ft agl390 ft agl min to max 937 ft agl 390 937 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.7 °4.0 ° min to max 20.1 ° 12.8 10.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 701 ft agl · 66 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 686 ft agl · 68 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Pumwani (Nairobi Province, Kenya). Climbing from 6,345 ft asl to 6,694 ft asl, an increase of 349 ft in 1 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 79 kt75 kt min to max 84 kt 82 75 kt
100 % Average bank angle 5.7 °0.3 ° min to max 22.8 ° 6.2 22.8 °
99.96 % Average g force 1.01 g0.83 g min to max 1.32 g 1.00 1.08 g
Info Average VSI 462 fpm-576 fpm min to max 1,213 fpm 1,204 367 fpm
Info Average altitude 6,510 ft asl6,345 ft asl min to max 6,694 ft asl 6,345 6,694 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °-1.7 ° min to max 10.2 ° 10.2 6.7 °
Info Turn coordination -3-17 min to max 6 3 -17

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 999 ft agl · 85 kt
Enroute Level 99.11Enroute level cruise started overhead Kiambu (Kiambu District, Kenya) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 13 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±835 ft of 6,715 ft asl6,490 ft asl min to max 6,878 ft asl 6,700 6,585 ft asl
100 % Average speed 90 kt70 kt min to max 117 kt 74 97 kt
98 % Average bank angle 15.0 °0.0 ° min to max 40.8 ° 24.1 30.8 °
98 % Average g force 1.08 g0.62 g min to max 2.15 g 1.04 1.17 g
Info Turn coordination 0-18 min to max 24 -18 5
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °-7.3 ° min to max 13.9 ° 6.1 2.0 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 1,041 ft agl · 88 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 1,058 ft agl · 83 kt
Enroute Descent 99.72Enroute descent started 2 miles south east of Pumwani (Nairobi Province, Kenya). Descent from 6,586 ft asl to 5,539 ft asl, a decrease of 1,047 ft in 3 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 87 kt67 kt min to max 114 kt 97 73 kt
100 % Average bank angle 10.7 °0.1 ° min to max 30.4 ° 30.4 7.5 °
97 % Average g force 1.02 g0.04 g min to max 1.38 g 1.17 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -406 fpm-1,970 fpm min to max 1,047 fpm 35 -594 fpm
Info Average altitude 5,898 ft asl5,539 ft asl min to max 6,590 ft asl 6,586 5,539 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-10.5 ° min to max 11.2 ° 2.1 -2.1 °
Info Turn coordination -8-42 min to max 36 5 -1

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 277 ft agl · 86 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 330 ft agl · 85 kt
Arrival Landing 97.90Landing on runway 24 at HKRE Moi Air Base, runway length 2,439 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 64 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 64 kt. Target 62 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
96 % Excellent landing flare
89 % Runway alignment max 9.78 m right8.50 m right to 9.78 m right -8.50 -9.77 m
99.9 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.1 ° min to max 2.1 ° 0.1 2.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.90 g min to max 1.17 g 1.03 0.90 g
Info Average speed 62 kt62 kt min to max 64 kt 64 62 kt
Info Average VSI -186 fpm-305 fpm min to max -101 fpm -305 -175 fpm
Info Average altitude 0 ft agl-4 ft agl min to max 8 ft agl 8 -4 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °0.8 ° min to max 4.3 ° 1.4 1.2 °
07515022530001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 90.62Touchdown distance was good at 127 m. Touchdown speed at 62 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -242 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 9.9 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature -30 °C. Wind 1 kt at 300 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
65 % Touchdown rate was -242 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 127 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 62 ktTarget below 62 kt
86 % Runway alignment max 9.94 m right9.85 m right -9.77 -9.94 m
99 % Average bank angle 1.7 °1.3 ° min to max 2.1 ° 2.1 1.3 °
97 % Average g force 1.05 g0.88 g min to max 1.30 g 0.90 1.07 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 61 kt61 kt min to max 62 kt 62 61 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °1.2 ° min to max 3.0 ° 1.2 3.0 °
Arrival Rollout 79.51Total landing distance 563 m, 23 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 17.5 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 563 m23 % of runway.
54 % Runway alignment max 17.54 m right0.00 m left to 17.54 m right -14.67 -16.94 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.06 g 1.06 1.00 g
Info Average speed 53 kt35 kt min to max 68 kt 68 35 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °0.9 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.1 1.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 3.7 ° 1.3 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 16 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 27 kt6 kt min to max 34 kt 34 6 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °0.8 ° min to max 2.1 ° 0.9 2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 95.15Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 6 kt0 kt min to max 15 kt 6 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °0.3 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.0 2.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.1 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 54 kt, on the 52 kt target, and lifted off at 58 kt 0.8 s later, the nose coming up at 9.3° a second. Climb 3 averaged 71 kt, 7 kt under its 78 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 7890 kt6030025°13°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 524.3° off · 9.3°/s9° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 11 kt 1.7° 0 s
Rotate233 m · target 52 54 kt -3.2° 9.3 s
Liftoff261 m · +4 kt from rotation 58 kt 4.3° 10.1 s
35 ft454 m · 5.5 s after liftoff 65 kt 8.8° 15.5 s
Climb 31,343 m · 390 ft to 938 ft · target 78 71 kt avg 12.8° 39.3 s
End of Climb 32,614 m · 938 ft 82 kt 10.2° 73 s

Takeoff from HKRE 24

Taxi lightsFail
Off
Takeoff roll100.00
425m17 %
Rotation speed100.00
54kttarget 52, 2 fast
Liftoff speed
58kt
Runway alignment100.00
1.85m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Climb 3 speed100.00
71kttarget 78
Rate of climb98.17
617fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 938 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,842 m of runway left; then climbing at 900 fpm on average to 938 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 371 kt avgtarget 78THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 54 kttarget 52Liftoff 58 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,439 m runway.

Rolled from 143 m in, drifted 2.7 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 16 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

1,0002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 2.69 m RROLL 143 M INAirborne 404 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 404 m of 2,439 m · 17 %
Behind the start of the roll, 143 mTakeoff roll, 261 m Left ahead, 2,035 m

Landing and touchdown on HKRE 24

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
7ft
Threshold speed100.00
63kttarget 62, 1 fast
Centreline offset89.02
9.78m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
127m
Centreline85.96
9.94m R
Speed100.00
61kttarget 61 or less
Touchdown rate64.55
-242fpm
Impact97.14
1.30G
BouncesOk
None
The flare96.00

Excellent landing flare. It lost 4.0 points, for the nose going up and down 5 times.

The crosswind

Calm: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, 2° of bank.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 69 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 20 s, an average deceleration of 0.10 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 208 m30 kt · 496 mtouchdown516 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Began the flare at 24 ft, 105 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 7 ft, 43 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 127 m in, 177 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

7 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare began at 24 ft, 105 m before the threshold−517 fpm · 0.9° · 66 ktdescent slowed at 4 ft · −113 fpm · 4.3°−241 fpm · 1.2° nose up · 62 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 7 ft, down at 127 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 520 fpm at the flare to 240 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°descent slowedtouchdown−241 fpm at touchdown1.2° at touchdown, +0.3° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,439 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 9.9 m right of the centreline and drifted to 18 m right on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 127 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 127 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 241 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 545 m of 2,439 m · 22 %
In the air over the runway, 127 mRollout, 418 m Left over, 1,894 m
Rollout distance100.00
418m22 % used
Rollout alignment54.46
17.54m R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Cessna 172 taxied from the parking area to runway 24 at HKRE Moi Air Base in 2 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.

Take-off was performed on runway 24. The aircraft used 425 m of runway, which is 17 % of the available length. Rotation occurred at 54 kt. Local weather at departure was temperature -30 °C, wind 1 kt from 295°, with a 1 kt crosswind and no headwind.

Initial climb to 1 000 ft agl took 59 seconds, averaging 885 fpm and reaching 82 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then climbed from 6 345 ft asl to 6 694 ft asl in 1 minute, covering 7 nm and passing overhead Pumwani. Level flight was maintained at 6 700 ft asl for 5 minutes, covering 13 nm and passing overhead Kiambu. Descent began 2 miles south-east of Pumwani, descending from 6 586 ft asl to 5 539 ft asl in 3 minutes while covering 4 nm.

The approach and landing were on runway 24 at HKRE Moi Air Base, whose length is 2 439 m. The threshold height was good and the threshold speed was good at 64 kt. The flare was described as an excellent landing flare. Touchdown occurred at 62 kt, noted as a little fast, with a touchdown rate of -242 fpm, which was fair. Touchdown distance was good at 127 m. The aircraft touched down 9.9 m off the centreline, and there was no bounce. Total landing distance was 563 m, representing 23 % of the runway. Rollout alignment was misaligned by 17.5 m from the centreline.

After landing, the Cessna taxied to the parking area in 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 25 nm, lasted 11 minutes, and used 9 kg of fuel.

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