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CYYZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 05
Elevation545 ft asl
Weight9,467 kg
Fuel1,094 kg
Wind160° · 9 kn · 8 kn cross

Flight Score

98.19 %
KBUF
Buffalo, United States
Runway 32
Elevation699 ft asl
Weight9,343 kg
Fuel961 kg
Wind341° · 8 kn · 4 kn cross
22 Jul 2024 0:49 74 nm Douglas DC-3 132 kg
Departure Score
96.84 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
97.33 %

What went well

Touched down at -127 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 293 m in — inside the full-score zone
1.14 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Departure Roll — Strobe Lights at 0 %, Runway alignment max 14.50 m at 61 %, −0.85 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 7.06 m at 86 %, −0.34 points
Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was a little below target at 66 kn. at 83 %, −0.23 points

Top opportunity

Maintain the centreline

Departure Roll

A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 26 stages, 24 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 6 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kn0 kn min to max 15 kn 0 15 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 12 knmax 14 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 0.99 g 0.98 0.98 g
Info Average pitch angle 11.8 °11.3 ° min to max 12.3 ° 11.9 11.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.4 °

Events

Info Engine 1 Started 9 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 9 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 12 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 05 at CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl, Average speed was 17 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 14 kn0 kn min to max 17 kn 15 14 kn
Info Average pitch angle 11.9 °11.4 ° min to max 12.4 ° 11.4 11.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.4 0.0 °
Info Average g force 0.98 g0.96 g min to max 1.00 g 0.98 0.98 g

Events

Info Pitot Heat Switched On 9 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Parking Brake On 9 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 9 ft agl · 8 kt
Departure Roll 87.28Departure roll runway 05 at CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl. Takeoff distance 1,668 m 52 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 74 kn. Local weather - Temperature 26 °C. Wind 9 kn at 160 °. Crosswind: 8 kn Tailwind: 4 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,668 m52 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 74 knTarget 80 kn
61 % Runway alignment max 14.50 m0.86 m left to 13.64 m right -1.72 -4.58 m
100 % Average g force 0.97 g0.93 g min to max 1.07 g 0.97 1.07 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 9.2 °6.0 ° min to max 12.2 ° 11.9 9.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.0 1.8 °

Events

Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 99.47Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 05 CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.7 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.7 °
100 % Average speed 77 kn74 kn min to max 78 kn 74 78 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 1.9 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.94 g min to max 1.10 g 1.08 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 352 ft/m217 ft/m min to max 485 ft/m 217 479 ft/m
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 40 ft agl 0 40 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.0 °8.9 ° min to max 11.1 ° 9.4 9.6 °
Departure Climb 2 98.03Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 05 CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -1.1 °-1.8 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.7 -1.6 °
100 % Average speed 79 kn76 kn min to max 82 kn 78 80 kn
92 % Average bank angle 2.4 °0.4 ° min to max 5.0 ° 0.6 3.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.81 g min to max 1.31 g 0.93 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 339 ft/m-354 ft/m min to max 730 ft/m 477 730 ft/m
Info Average altitude 88 ft agl36 ft agl min to max 371 ft agl 41 371 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.2 °4.2 ° min to max 13.4 ° 9.5 12.1 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 184 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 184 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 184 ft agl · 84 kt
Departure Climb 3 99.41Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 05 CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.7 °-1.4 ° min to max 0.4 ° -1.4 0.4 °
100 % Average speed 81 kn76 kn min to max 89 kn 80 89 kn
97 % Average bank angle 2.3 °1.5 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.0 2.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.97 g0.73 g min to max 1.12 g 1.01 0.98 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 483 ft/m-15 ft/m min to max 1,215 ft/m 822 75 ft/m
Info Average altitude 477 ft agl385 ft agl min to max 516 ft agl 385 516 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.0 °4.5 ° min to max 16.4 ° 11.6 4.5 °
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north of CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl Toronto (Ontario, Canada) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,121 ft asl1,080 ft asl min to max 1,174 ft asl 1,080 1,174 ft asl
100 % Average speed 94 kn89 kn min to max 98 kn 89 94 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.0 °1.6 ° min to max 9.2 ° 1.6 9.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.87 g min to max 1.13 g 0.96 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 6.4 °2.7 ° min to max 9.2 ° 5.0 9.2 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north east of CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl Toronto (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,185 ft asl to 1,468 ft asl, an increase of 283 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 87 kn84 kn min to max 93 kn 93 84 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.6 °6.1 ° min to max 10.7 ° 9.8 6.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.76 g min to max 1.07 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 531 ft/m63 ft/m min to max 938 ft/m 670 429 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,343 ft asl1,185 ft asl min to max 1,468 ft asl 1,185 1,468 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 9.5 °6.6 ° min to max 12.0 ° 9.1 9.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north east of CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl Toronto (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,517 ft asl1,443 ft asl min to max 1,595 ft asl 1,475 1,501 ft asl
100 % Average speed 105 kn84 kn min to max 127 kn 84 127 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 5.9 ° 5.7 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.74 g min to max 1.41 g 1.02 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.0 °-6.0 ° min to max 11.7 ° 10.1 5.2 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 991 ft agl · 109 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 991 ft agl · 109 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 1,000 ft agl · 109 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 1,000 ft agl · 109 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,035 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,041 ft agl · 109 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 1,041 ft agl · 109 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,043 ft agl · 116 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,043 ft agl · 116 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,033 ft agl · 117 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 1,033 ft agl · 117 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 1,015 ft agl · 123 kt
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Eringate-Centennial-West Deane (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,516 ft asl to 2,909 ft asl, an increase of 1,393 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 123 kn116 kn min to max 127 kn 127 116 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.8 °0.0 ° min to max 23.6 ° 0.9 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.09 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 804 ft/m567 ft/m min to max 964 ft/m 875 837 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,034 ft asl1,516 ft asl min to max 2,909 ft asl 1,516 2,909 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.7 °4.9 ° min to max 6.5 ° 5.2 6.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,591 ft agl · 125 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,591 ft agl · 125 kt
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Long Branch (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 19 minutes, covering 47 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 3,033 ft asl3,009 ft asl min to max 3,050 ft asl 3,012 3,036 ft asl
100 % Average speed 141 kn116 kn min to max 149 kn 116 146 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.4 °0.0 ° min to max 22.6 ° 1.3 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.58 g min to max 1.23 g 0.93 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-1.6 ° min to max 3.6 ° 3.6 -1.6 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles north west of Amherst (New York, United States). Descent from 3,021 ft asl to 2,356 ft asl, a decrease of 666 ft in 1 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 136 kn122 kn min to max 145 kn 145 122 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.4 °0.0 ° min to max 6.7 ° 3.7 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.57 g min to max 1.44 g 0.85 0.97 g
Info Average VSI -381 ft/m-1,276 ft/m min to max 623 ft/m -327 -56 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,458 ft asl2,304 ft asl min to max 3,021 ft asl 3,021 2,356 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-4.2 ° min to max 3.9 ° -1.1 3.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,429 ft agl · 149 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2,429 ft agl · 149 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,839 ft agl · 150 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,839 ft agl · 150 kt
Enroute Level 4 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of Eggertsville (New York, United States) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,394 ft asl2,321 ft asl min to max 2,473 ft asl 2,353 2,334 ft asl
100 % Average speed 103 kn87 kn min to max 120 kn 120 87 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.3 °0.0 ° min to max 12.5 ° 0.5 12.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.74 g min to max 1.33 g 0.98 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °-6.4 ° min to max 6.5 ° 2.9 3.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,777 ft agl · 111 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,788 ft agl · 111 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 1,785 ft agl · 104 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 1,785 ft agl · 104 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,785 ft agl · 104 kt
Enroute Climb 3 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north west of Sloan (New York, United States). Climbing from 2,325 ft asl to 2,518 ft asl, an increase of 193 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 76 kn71 kn min to max 86 kn 86 79 kn
100 % Average bank angle 12.8 °1.1 ° min to max 21.4 ° 11.4 19.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.84 g min to max 1.24 g 1.14 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 349 ft/m-504 ft/m min to max 1,037 ft/m -504 290 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,433 ft asl2,321 ft asl min to max 2,518 ft asl 2,325 2,518 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.2 °3.5 ° min to max 11.4 ° 3.5 6.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile west of Sloan (New York, United States). Descent from 2,523 ft asl to 1,742 ft asl, a decrease of 781 ft in 2 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 94 kn78 kn min to max 102 kn 78 90 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.8 °0.1 ° min to max 19.2 ° 18.3 3.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.66 g min to max 1.16 g 1.13 1.15 g
Info Average VSI -479 ft/m-1,768 ft/m min to max 400 ft/m 322 270 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,146 ft asl1,737 ft asl min to max 2,551 ft asl 2,523 1,742 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-6.6 ° min to max 7.1 ° 7.1 6.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 5 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of Cheektowaga (New York, United States) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,778 ft asl1,747 ft asl min to max 1,828 ft asl 1,750 1,828 ft asl
100 % Average speed 84 kn80 kn min to max 90 kn 90 83 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.4 °0.1 ° min to max 6.7 ° 4.6 2.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.81 g min to max 1.20 g 1.02 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °0.5 ° min to max 7.6 ° 5.4 5.4 °
Enroute Climb 4 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Cheektowaga (New York, United States). Climbing from 1,836 ft asl to 1,993 ft asl, an increase of 157 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 79 kn73 kn min to max 84 kn 84 76 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.2 °0.0 ° min to max 9.1 ° 1.1 6.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.69 g min to max 1.19 g 1.06 0.73 g
Info Average VSI 313 ft/m-202 ft/m min to max 940 ft/m 470 -100 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,921 ft asl1,836 ft asl min to max 1,994 ft asl 1,836 1,993 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.7 °3.0 ° min to max 13.8 ° 6.0 3.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 6 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile east of Cheektowaga (New York, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,979 ft asl1,862 ft asl min to max 2,093 ft asl 1,983 1,866 ft asl
100 % Average speed 85 kn78 kn min to max 96 kn 78 78 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.3 °0.0 ° min to max 14.9 ° 5.3 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.77 g min to max 1.28 g 0.77 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °-3.4 ° min to max 8.0 ° 0.7 6.8 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,322 ft agl · 97 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 1,283 ft agl · 103 kt
Arrival 100.00Arrival started 1 mile east of Cheektowaga (New York, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 85 kn74 kn min to max 95 kn 77 83 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.6 °0.1 ° min to max 14.2 ° 1.4 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.78 g min to max 1.40 g 0.95 0.94 g
Info Average VSI -650 ft/m-1,863 ft/m min to max 936 ft/m 18 -875 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,606 ft asl1,224 ft asl min to max 1,880 ft asl 1,866 1,224 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.4 °-11.5 ° min to max 9.3 ° 5.6 -1.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 4 987 ft agl · 95 kt
Arrival Final 2 99.40Approaching runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 510 ft agl to 276 ft agl. A decrease of 234 ft in 25 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.6 °2.4 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 3.1 2.5 °
100 % Average speed 77 kn70 kn min to max 83 kn 83 70 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.7 °0.5 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.5 0.8 °
97 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 0.9 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.88 g min to max 1.23 g 1.05 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -568 ft/m-1,068 ft/m min to max -71 ft/m -927 -71 ft/m
Info Average altitude 368 ft agl276 ft agl min to max 510 ft agl 510 276 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.4 °0.0 ° min to max 9.0 ° 0.0 8.8 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 495 ft agl · 86 kt
11.251.51.752200250300350400450500550Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 97.32Approaching runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 275 ft agl to 46 ft agl. A decrease of 229 ft in 42 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.7 °2.5 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 2.6 2.5 °
100 % Average speed 69 kn66 kn min to max 72 kn 69 66 kn
95 % Heading variation 0.3 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.3 °
92 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.0 ° min to max 6.4 ° 1.6 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.87 g min to max 1.09 g 0.99 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -332 ft/m-548 ft/m min to max 3 ft/m -39 -348 ft/m
Info Average altitude 98 ft agl46 ft agl min to max 275 ft agl 275 46 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °2.2 ° min to max 7.9 ° 7.6 6.0 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 95.81Landing on runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl, runway length 1,862 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 66 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
83 % Threshold speed was a little below target at 66 kn. Target 80 kn
100 % Target 50 ft agl
100 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.4 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.8 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.95 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Average speed 65 kn62 kn min to max 66 kn 66 63 kn
Info Average VSI -221 ft/m-347 ft/m min to max -87 ft/m -347 -127 ft/m
Info Average altitude 11 ft agl-2 ft agl min to max 29 ft agl 29 -2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.0 °6.1 ° min to max 8.5 ° 6.1 8.5 °
07515022530001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-25-20-15-10-50510152025Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 97.68Touchdown distance was good at 291 m. Touchdown speed at 63 kn was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -127 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.9 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 8 kn at 340 °. Crosswind: 4 kn Headwind: 6 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Touchdown VSI was -127 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 291 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 63 knTarget 75 kn
86 % Runway alignment max 6.87 m6.85 m left 6.82 6.84 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.3 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g1.00 g min to max 1.14 g 1.00 1.05 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 62 kn62 kn min to max 63 kn 63 62 kn
Info Average pitch angle 8.9 °8.5 ° min to max 9.1 ° 8.5 9.1 °
Arrival Rollout 93.80Total landing distance 874 m, 47 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 874 m47 % of runway.
86 % Runway alignment max 7.06 m6.83 m left to 0.23 m right 6.83 2.72 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 1.02 g
Info Average speed 56 kn33 kn min to max 61 kn 61 33 kn
Info Average pitch angle 7.8 °5.6 ° min to max 11.9 ° 9.1 11.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 4 10 ft agl · 60 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 10 ft agl · 59 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 19 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 18 kn10 kn min to max 29 kn 29 10 kn
Info Average pitch angle 11.8 °11.6 ° min to max 12.0 ° 11.9 12.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.1 °
Info Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 0.98 g

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 24 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 8 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 11 kn0 kn min to max 14 kn 10 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 11 knmax 14 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 1.00 g 0.98 0.98 g
Info Average pitch angle 11.8 °11.5 ° min to max 12.0 ° 12.0 11.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.3 °

Events

Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 9 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake On 9 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Stopped 9 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Stopped 9 ft agl

Takeoff

OkTaxi lightsSet
100.00Takeoff roll963 m · 30 %
100.00Liftoff speed74 kt
61.40Runway alignment13.64 m R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
99.47Rate of climb351 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height29 ft
83.23Threshold speed65 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.08 m L

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on KBUF 32

Past threshold100.00
293m
Centreline86.08
6.84m L
Speed100.00
62kt
Touchdown rate99.08
-127fpm
Impact100.00
1.14G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

29 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 29 ft, down at 293 m

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,862 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD CROSS 4 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 293 m past threshold CLEARED

The 293 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 855 m of 1,862 m · 46 %
Rollout distance100.00
562m46 % used
Rollout alignment86.21
6.83m L

The rest of the report

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Flight map
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Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 05 at CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl in the Douglas DC-3
96.84 %
100 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 6 minutes and covered 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
13 12 11
87.28 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 05 at CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl. Takeoff distance 1,668 m 52 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 74 kn. Local weather - Temperature 26 °C. Wind 9 kn at 160 °. Crosswind: 8 kn Tailwind: 4 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 1,668 m using 52.19 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 74 kn - Target 80 kn
Alignment
61.4 %
0.86 m left to 13.64 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
0 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
80 40 0
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
13 9 5
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,000-30-25-20-15-10-5051015202530 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
99.47 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 05 CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 75 70
Bank °
97.87 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
12 10 8
Climb Rate fpm
Info
500 200 -100
98.03 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 05 CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 80 70
Bank °
92.11 %
6 3 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
14 9 4
Climb Rate fpm
Info
800 200 -400
99.41 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 05 CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 80 70
Bank °
97.03 %
4 2.5 1
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
17 11 4
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,300 600 -100
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,000062124186248310 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50100200300400500 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.5-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl in the Douglas DC-3
Landing Score 96.15 %
Landing Summary

Great job on your aircraft landing with a score of 96.2%! Your approach phase was particularly impressive, with excellent glideslope alignment and just slightly below target speed. This shows great precision and control during the descent.

During the landing phase, you maintained a good threshold height and executed a perfect landing flare, which is essential for a smooth touchdown. Your touchdown phase was also executed well, with a smooth touchdown rate and on-target speed. The fact that you landed within the touchdown zone and only 6.9 meters off the runway's centerline is very impressive.

In the rollout phase, you maintained good runway alignment, only 6.8 meters off the centerline. This level of precision in all phases of the landing demonstrates your skill and competence as a pilot.

Overall, you should be proud of your performance and continue to strive for excellence in your landings. Keep up the great work and continue to hone your skills to maintain such high scores in future landings. Great job!

99.4 %
Final 2
Approaching runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 510 ft agl to 276 ft agl. A decrease of 234 ft in 25 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
83 72 60
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
97 %
5 2.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-71 -585 -1,100
11.251.51.752200250300350400450500550 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
11.251.51.752-60-45-30-15015304560 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
97.32 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 275 ft agl to 46 ft agl. A decrease of 229 ft in 42 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
94.8 %
Great heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
72 66 60
Alignment
94.8 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
91.82 %
7 3.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-29 -315 -600
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
95.81 %
Landing
Landing on runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl, runway length 1,862 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 66 kn.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
83.23 %
Threshold speed was a little below target at 66 kt. Target 80 kt
Flare
100 %
Perfect landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
66 63 60
Pitch °
Info
9 7.5 6
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-87 -243 -400
07515022530001123344657 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300-25-20-15-10-50510152025 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
97.68 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 291 m. Touchdown speed at 63 kn was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -127 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.9 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 8 kn at 340 °. Crosswind: 4 kn Headwind: 6 kn.
Touchdown
99.08 %
Touchdown rate was smooth at -127 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 63 kt was good. Target below 75 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 291 m.
Alignment
86.08 %
Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.9 m from centreline.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.3 °
G
100 %
G 1.08 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
93.8 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 874 m, 47 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 874 m using 46.91 % of runway
Alignment
86.21 %
Runway rollout alignment was very good.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
62 46 30
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
12 8.5 5
0200400600800 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
100 %
Taxi
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched Off
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
13 12 11
Metrics
Metrics

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