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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Know your rotation speed
See Departure Roll
A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 16 stages, 13 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 71 kt with 4.6° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 901 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 2,859 ft of runway left; then climbing at 970 fpm on average to 901 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 4,289 ft runway.
Rolled from 181 ft in, drifted left of the centreline, 12 ft at the widest, and lifted off 6 ft left. Airborne 22 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 200 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 950 ft left of the centreline at 0.9 nm.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between +2 kt and +18 kt on the approach speed of 60 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Perfect landing flare
5 kt across from the right, which takes about 5° of crab to hold the centreline at 53 kt. Touched down straight - the crab taken out before the wheels touched, wings level.
Wind 065° at 8 kt · 6 kt head · 5 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 48 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 8 s, an average deceleration of 0.13 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 2,937 ft of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 34 ft, 16 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 875 ft in, close to the ideal 1,000 ft.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 2,937 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 440 fpm at 35 ft to 60 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.1° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 2,937 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 2 ft of it down the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 875 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a departure roll on runway 09 at the KSJX Beaver Island Airport. With a temperature of 63°F and a wind blowing 14 knots at 80 degrees, the aircraft faced a moderate crosswind of 3 knots but a significant headwind of 14 knots. The takeoff distance of 792 feet, which is 18% of the runway, was achieved with a liftoff speed of 72 knots.
As the aircraft lifted off, it immediately began to climb, reaching an altitude of 1,906 feet above sea level after just 1 minute and covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The climb was followed by a short, 5-minute cruise at level pitch at an altitude of 1,906 feet, during which the aircraft covered a distance of 11 nautical miles.
As it continued on its route, the aircraft began its initial descent, starting 5 miles northeast of the 6Y3 North Fox Island Airport. It descended from an altitude of 2,052 feet above sea level, a decrease of 533 feet over 2 minutes and a distance of 4 nautical miles. The aircraft then resumed a level cruise at an altitude of 1,520 feet, maintaining this pitch for 3 minutes as it traveled 5 nautical miles. Shortly after, the aircraft continued its descent, this time from 1,469 feet to 625 feet in just 2 minutes, covering a distance of 2 nautical miles as it approached the 3MI2 South Fox Island Airport.
However, instead of landing at the South Fox Island Airport, the aircraft continued on to the Y04 Sugar Loaf Resort Airport. It began its approach to runway 02, a heading of 23.0 degrees with an airspeed of 0 knots at an altitude of 219 feet above ground level. Unfortunately, the go-around maneuver was initiated at a height of 0 feet above ground level, indicating a close and potentially hazardous encounter with the ground.
Despite the brief moment where the aircraft was in danger of impacting the ground, the pilot successfully recovered altitude and continued with the approach. Final touchdown occurred on runway 02, with a threshold speed of 61 knots, a touchdown speed of 53 knots, and an optimal touchdown rate of -59 feet per minute. The runway touchdown alignment was perfect, and the landing distance of 1,311 feet, which is 45% of the runway, was an excellent achievement.
With perfect runway rollout alignment and no reported issues, the flight came to a smooth stop, concluding a successful landing.
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