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NZAA
Auckland, New Zealand
Runway 23L
Elevation16 ft asl
Weight263,653 kg
Fuel95,519 kg
Wind300° · 15 kn · 11 kn cross

Flight Score

98.20 %
NZAA
Auckland, New Zealand
Runway 23L
Elevation16 ft asl
Weight315,794 kg
Fuel23,506 kg
Wind300° · 13 kn · 10 kn cross
4 Sep 2026 0:08 19 nm Boeing 747-8 72,012 kg
Departure Score
99.44 %
Pattern Score
97.93 %
Arrival Score
97.24 %

What went well

Held the centreline in a 10 kn crosswind — 2.00 m off at touchdown
Held the centreline on the roll in a 11 kn crosswind — 4.04 m off at liftoff
Touched down at -194 fpm — a soft arrival

What held you back

Pattern Base Leg — Heading 9.3 ° at 71 %, −0.62 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 11.07 m left at 90 %, −0.48 points
Arrival Touchdown — Landing Bounce at 80 %, −0.44 points

Next time

Departure

Hold the nose down until the speed reaches 142 kt, then rotate.

What happened: You started the rotation at 125 kt, 17 kt before the 142 kt rotation speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 142 kt at rotation

See Departure Roll

Arrival

Hold the back pressure smoothly through the moment of touchdown and let the mainwheels settle without relaxing or adding a second pitch input.

What happened: The approach and flare both stayed within limits, yet the aircraft bounced at touchdown.

Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a steady, continuous sink through to touchdown with no second pitch input.

See Arrival Touchdown

Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.

Read more in Pattern Work

Start to finish · 16 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 23L at NZAA Auckland International Airport, Average speed was 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 0 kt0 kt min to max 0 kt 0 0 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 0.79 g0.00 g min to max 1.01 g 0.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 18 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 18 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 18 ft agl
Info Engine 3 Started 18 ft agl
Info Engine 4 Started 18 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 18 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 18 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 18 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 18 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 18 ft agl
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 18 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 18 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 18 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 3 18 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 18 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 18 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 18 ft agl
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 18 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 19 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 19 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Autopilot Avionics Managed Activated 18 ft agl · 9 kt
Departure Roll 98.34Departure roll runway 23L at NZAA Auckland International Airport. Takeoff distance 1,171 m 32 % of runway. Rotation speed was 125 kt. Local weather - Temperature 17 °C. Wind 16 kt at 299 °. Crosswind: 12 kt Headwind: 11 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,171 m32 % of runway
92 % Rotation speed was 125 ktTarget 142 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 7.95 m right1.99 m left to 7.95 m right 1.99 -4.04 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.02 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-0.2 ° min to max 7.7 ° -0.2 7.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.4 ° 0.2 2.4 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched On 19 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 19 ft agl · 10 kt
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 23L NZAA Auckland International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.5 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.5 °
100 % Average speed 159 kt153 kt min to max 165 kt 153 165 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 2.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.4 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.12 g1.03 g min to max 1.23 g 1.03 1.23 g
Info Average VSI 437 fpm64 fpm min to max 1,000 fpm 64 1,000 fpm
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 27 ft agl 0 27 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.8 °7.8 ° min to max 12.6 ° 7.8 12.6 °
Departure Climb 2 99.99Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 23L NZAA Auckland International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 168 kt160 kt min to max 177 kt 166 177 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 4.7 °0.2 ° min to max 4.7 ° 1.1 4.7 °
99.9 % Average g force 1.13 g0.81 g min to max 1.27 g 1.23 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 2,182 fpm1,035 fpm min to max 4,100 fpm 1,035 2,780 fpm
Info Average altitude 306 ft agl29 ft agl min to max 1,049 ft agl 29 1,049 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 14.0 °11.2 ° min to max 18.5 ° 12.7 12.4 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 194 ft agl · 172 kt
Pattern Entry 100.00Left hand pattern entry from runway 23L NZAA Auckland International Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 32 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 173 kt167 kt min to max 182 kt 177 168 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 21.6 °8.1 ° min to max 21.6 ° 8.1 19.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.83 g min to max 1.18 g 1.06 1.13 g
Info Average VSI 747 fpm-802 fpm min to max 3,108 fpm 2,868 177 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,494 ft agl1,097 ft agl min to max 1,616 ft agl 1,097 1,497 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °1.7 ° min to max 13.2 ° 13.1 7.0 °
Pattern Crosswind 100.00Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 23L NZAA Auckland International Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 18 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -3.9 °-22.4 ° min to max 13.8 ° 13.8 -22.4 °
100 % Average speed 164 kt161 kt min to max 168 kt 167 168 kt
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.93 g min to max 1.17 g 1.11 1.17 g
Info Average VSI -264 fpm-826 fpm min to max 445 fpm 324 -255 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,494 ft agl1,419 ft agl min to max 1,544 ft agl 1,503 1,419 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 19.0 °18.0 ° min to max 20.4 ° 20.2 18.0 °
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °2.8 ° min to max 7.2 ° 7.2 6.5 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 100.00Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 2 nm. Angle to the runway's far end 78.8 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 169 kt168 kt min to max 171 kt 168 171 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 23.9 °16.5 ° min to max 23.9 ° 18.8 16.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.98 g min to max 1.19 g 1.19 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 365 fpm-24 fpm min to max 594 fpm -24 155 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,490 ft agl1,418 ft agl min to max 1,561 ft agl 1,418 1,561 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.1 °4.5 ° min to max 7.5 ° 7.0 4.9 °
Pattern Downwind 100.00Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 6 nm in 117 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading 0.5 °-70.9 ° min to max 17.1 ° 17.1 -14.2 °
100 % Average altitude 1,529 ft agl1,455 ft agl min to max 1,602 ft agl 1,564 1,455 ft agl
100 % Average speed 158 kt148 kt min to max 173 kt 172 150 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.87 g min to max 1.13 g 1.07 1.08 g
Info Average VSI -46 fpm-499 fpm min to max 409 fpm 208 -318 fpm
Info Average bank angle 3.8 °0.0 ° min to max 21.5 ° 16.0 18.1 °
Info Average pitch angle 4.5 °1.6 ° min to max 6.8 ° 5.0 5.5 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,551 ft agl · 170 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 1,505 ft agl · 161 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 98.48Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 5 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 28.7 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 28.7 °.
100 % Average speed 151 kt147 kt min to max 154 kt 149 149 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 21.8 °16.4 ° min to max 21.8 ° 18.2 16.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.94 g min to max 1.13 g 1.10 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 52 fpm-236 fpm min to max 344 fpm -236 229 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,447 ft agl1,434 ft agl min to max 1,483 ft agl 1,449 1,483 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °4.3 ° min to max 6.8 ° 5.8 4.3 °
Pattern Base Leg 87.06Pattern Base Leg. Distance was 1 nm in 26 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
71 % Heading 9.3 °-7.1 ° min to max 23.6 ° 23.6 -7.1 °
100 % Average speed 152 kt149 kt min to max 154 kt 149 151 kt
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.87 g min to max 1.12 g 0.91 0.96 g
Info Average VSI 54 fpm-426 fpm min to max 499 fpm 67 162 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,496 ft agl1,476 ft agl min to max 1,526 ft agl 1,479 1,504 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 9.6 °0.1 ° min to max 16.6 ° 15.1 14.7 °
Info Average pitch angle 4.3 °1.8 ° min to max 7.2 ° 4.0 1.8 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 5 1,350 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 1,267 ft agl · 157 kt
Pattern Final Turn 100.00Pattern Final Turn. Distance was 2 nm in 54 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 147 kt141 kt min to max 152 kt 151 148 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 19.7 °0.0 ° min to max 19.7 ° 14.8 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.94 g min to max 1.20 g 0.99 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -249 fpm-856 fpm min to max 404 fpm 52 -770 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,452 ft agl1,269 ft agl min to max 1,548 ft agl 1,504 1,269 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-1.3 ° min to max 5.1 ° 2.8 -0.3 °
Arrival Approach Final approach to runway 23L at NZAA Auckland International Airport. Descent from 1,459 ft agl to 52 ft agl in 106 seconds. Not scored on a circuit: the stabilisation gate is shown for reference.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates
Arrival Landing 100.00Landing on runway 23L at NZAA Auckland International Airport, runway length 3,671 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 136 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 136 kt. Target 135 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 3.93 m left3.93 m left to 1.95 m left 3.93 1.95 m
100 % Steepest bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 1.3 1.5 °
100 % Peak g force 1.06 g0.98 g min to max 1.06 g 1.06 1.05 g
Info Average speed 133 kt130 kt min to max 136 kt 136 130 kt
Info Average VSI -361 fpm-512 fpm min to max -266 fpm -512 -266 fpm
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl-3 ft agl min to max 24 ft agl 24 -3 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °4.0 ° min to max 7.7 ° 4.0 7.7 °
07515022530001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 96.00Touchdown distance was good at 303 m. Touchdown speed at 130 kt was good. Touchdown rate was good at -194 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 13 kt at 273 °. Crosswind: 5 kt Headwind: 12 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -194 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 303 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 130 ktTarget below 145 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.00 m left1.96 m left 1.95 2.00 m
100 % Steepest bank angle 2.1 °1.4 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.5 2.1 °
100 % Peak g force 1.19 g1.05 g min to max 1.19 g 1.05 1.14 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 129 kt129 kt min to max 130 kt 130 129 kt
Info Average pitch angle 7.9 °7.7 ° min to max 8.0 ° 7.7 8.0 °
Arrival Rollout 95.72Total landing distance 961 m, 26 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 11.1 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 961 m26 % of runway.
90 % Runway alignment max 11.07 m left11.07 m left to 3.65 m right 8.85 -3.65 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.89 g min to max 1.13 g 1.13 1.00 g
Info Average speed 114 kt66 kt min to max 121 kt 121 66 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.9 °-0.4 ° min to max 8.1 ° 8.0 -0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 2.6 °0.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 2.2 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 46 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 36 kt15 kt min to max 60 kt 60 15 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.3 -0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Takeoff from NZAA 23L

Taxi out

LightsOk
All on

The roll

Takeoff roll100.00
1,171m32 %
Runway alignment100.00
7.95m R
Rotation speed91.68
125kttarget 142, 17 early

Rotated early, and slowly

The nose came up at 125 kt, 17 kt before the 142 kt rotate speed, and rose at 0.8° a second, slower than the 2 to 3 airliners use.

The nose started up before the rotate speed and then came up slowly, as if easing it off early. Wait for the rotate speed, then make one steady pull at the normal rate for this aircraft.

Liftoff and climb

Liftoff
152ktat 7.9°
Rotation
0.8°/sover 7.0 s, gaining 27 kt
35 ft
166ktat 13.3°, 4.1 s after liftoff
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Bank after liftoff100.00
2.8°steepest

Plan view the roll down the 3,671 m runway.

Rolled from 51 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 8.2 m at the widest, and lifted off 4.2 m right, in 11 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 32 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS11 kn75 %widest 8.25 m RROLL 51 M INAirborne 1,177 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,177 m of 3,671 m · 32 %
Behind the start of the roll, 51 mTakeoff roll, 1,127 m Left ahead, 2,494 m

Side view from the start of the roll to 1,049 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 2,170 m of runway left; then climbing at 2,590 fpm on average to 1,049 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway.

1,250 ft625 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLnose up on the runway · 479 m · 7.0 sRotate 125 kttarget 142Liftoff 152 kt
On the runwayNose up, wheels on the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The rotation detail below draws the rotation against the rates for this aircraft and its tail-strike pitch, where the slope reads properly. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare.

180 kt12060020°10°0°nose up on the runway · 479 m · 7.0 sROTATELIFTOFFtarget 142held 14.2°7.9° off · 0.8°/s13° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganNose up, wheels on the runwayClimb attitude held

Rotation detail the pitch over the seconds from rotation to 35 ft, where the slope reads properly.

How to read this

The pitch over the seconds from the nose starting to come up to 35 ft, stretched so the slope reads properly. The green dot is where the nose started up, the grey band runs to the wheels leaving, and the figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up. The two dashed green lines rising from the rotation point are 2 to 3° a second, the rates airliners are rotated at: a trace steeper than both is a faster rotation, one shallower than both a slower one. The red dashed line is 12.1°, the pitch at which this aircraft's tail touches the runway with the wheels still on it, drawn from rotation to liftoff only: once the wheels leave, every foot climbed adds tail clearance.

20°10°0°3°/s2°/sTAIL STRIKE 12.1°ROTATELIFTOFF35 FT7.9° off · 0.8°/s13° at 35 ftROTATION DETAIL-2-10+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12 sseconds from rotation
PitchRotation began2 to 3°/s from rotationTail strikeNose up, wheels on the runway

The circuit to NZAA 23L

Left-hand, 1,500 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.

Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 1.5 nm out at 154 kt

How to read this

The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.

45° to the thresholdTHRLANDING1234crosswinddownwindbase90+75-89under 75not a circuit legtextbook circuit

Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded

How to read this

The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,500 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.

05001,0001,5002,0000°30°HEIGHT ftBANKcircuit height 1,500 ftturn crosswind from 500 ft22°124°222°320°4distance flown →
HeightBankA turnCircuit height ±50 ft30° of bank
1Crosswind turn
Turned at
1,556 ft
Bank
22°
Speed
167 kt

Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.

2Onto downwind
Bank
24°
Height
1,529 ft on 1,500 ft
Speed
158 kt
Out
2.7 nm 1.5 suits 154 kt

Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.

3Base turn
Angle
29° target 45°
Bank
22°
Height
1,442 ft

Off heading: 9° from the leg's heading on average.

Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.

Read more in Pattern Work
4Final turn
Bank
20°
Overshoot
32 m none
Speed
147 kt

Good: full marks on the turn.

Entry100Crosswind100Turn onto downwind100Downwind100Base turn98Base87Final turn100

The approach to NZAA 23L

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 160 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,4281,145780559398194
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 267 m left of the centreline, then inside the band from 3.6 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND267 m L29 m R15 m L4 m R9 m L16 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +0 kt and +14 kt on the approach speed of 136 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

140160180200 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 136+14 kt+8 kt+5 kt+12 kt+5 kt+6 kt+0 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on NZAA 23L

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
24ft
Threshold speed100.00
136kttarget 135, 1 fast
Centreline offset100.00
3.93m L
Bank100.00
1.5°steepest
Flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
303m
Centreline100.00
2.00m L
Speed100.00
129kttarget 145 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-194fpm
Impact100.00
1.19G
Bounces80.00
1
Bank100.00
2.1°as the wheels touched

Rollout

Rollout distance100.00
618m25 % used
Rollout alignment90.50
11.07m L

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Began the flare at 44 ft, 151 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 24 ft, 26 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 303 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

24 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare began at 44 ft, 151 m before the threshold−666 fpm · 2.9° · 137 ktdescent slowed at 0 ft · −197 fpm · 7.7°−194 fpm · 7.7° nose up · 130 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 24 ft, down at 303 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 670 fpm at the flare to 190 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.9° on the way down. Into the flare at 137 kt, on the 135 kt approach speed, and 130 kt at touchdown.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°descent slowedtouchdown−194 fpm at touchdown7.7° at touchdown, +4.9° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,671 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 2 m left of the centreline and drifted to 11 m left on the rollout, back to 1.5 m left by the end. 10 kt across from the right, which takes about 4° of crab to hold the centreline at 130 kt. Touched down straight - the crab taken out before the wheels touched, 2.1° of bank.

Wind 300° at 13 kt · 9 kt head · 10 kt across

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 10 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 303 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 303 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.19 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 921 m of 3,671 m · 25 %
In the air over the runway, 303 mRollout, 618 m Left over, 2,750 m

The rest of the report

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Flight narrative

The Boeing 747-8 taxied from the parking area to runway 23L in less than 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm before commencing the departure roll.

During the take-off roll on runway 23L at NZAA Auckland International Airport, the aircraft accelerated to a liftoff speed of 153 kt. The take-off distance recorded was 1,171 m, representing 32 % of the available runway. Ambient conditions were 17 °C with a wind of 16 kt from 299°, providing a 12 kt cross-wind component and an 11 kt head-wind component.

The climb began overhead the airport, with the airplane climbing from 995 ft asl to 1,571 ft asl, an altitude gain of 577 ft achieved in 1 minute while covering 2 nm.

Level cruise commenced approximately 2 mi southwest of the airport and was maintained for 4 minutes, during which the aircraft travelled 12 nm.

For the final approach to runway 23L, the aircraft was positioned 3 nm east of the threshold at an altitude of 1,284 ft agl, tracking a heading of 254.0°.

Landing was executed on runway 23L, whose length is 3,671 m. The threshold speed was 136 kt, and touchdown occurred at 306 m down the runway with a speed of 130 kt. The vertical speed at touchdown was minus 266 fpm, and the alignment was reported as perfect. Weather at the time was 15 °C with a wind of 13 kt from 273°, yielding a 5 kt cross-wind and a 12 kt head-wind. The total landing distance measured 961 m, equivalent to 26 % of the runway.

Rollout continued after touchdown, with the aircraft traveling a total of 961 m before deceleration was complete. The final runway centreline deviation was measured at 10.6 m to the side.

In summary, the flight covered a total distance of 19 nm, taking 8, and consumed 72,012 kg of fuel.

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