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NZMF
Milford Sound, New Zealand
Runway 29
Elevation3 ft asl
Weight756 kg
Fuel78 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

85.27 %
NZMJ
Queenstown, New Zealand
Runway 02
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight749 kg
Fuel78 kg
Wind271° · 3 kn · 2 kn cross
5 May 2024 0:25 21 nm DR400
Departure Score
91.35 %
Enroute Score
98.85 %
Arrival Score
77.97 %

What went well

Touchdown 120 m in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout controlled — 41 % of the runway used
Airborne in 336 m — 43 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — at 54 %, Threshold speed was too high at 70 kn at 62 %, −3.09 points
Arrival Touchdown — bank angle up to 14.2 ° at 0 %, Touchdown VSI was -815 ft/m at 20 %, −2.66 points
Departure Climb 2 — Heading variation 2.7 ° at 31 %, bank angle up to 8.6 ° at 83 %, −1.80 points

Next time

Shorten the long landing

See Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 13 stages, 11 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 9 kn0 kn min to max 15 kn 2 14 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 7 knmax 11 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °2.2 ° min to max 3.5 ° 2.7 2.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.1 0.1 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Departure Roll 99.44Departure roll runway 29 at NZMF Milford Sound. Takeoff distance 389 m 50 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 61 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 389 m50 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 61 knTarget 54 kn
97 % Runway alignment max 5.05 m1.23 m left to 3.81 m right -2.93 1.23 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.91 g min to max 1.09 g 0.99 1.04 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °2.2 ° min to max 5.0 ° 2.8 5.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Departure Climb 1 97.53Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 29 NZMF Milford Sound.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.8 ° -0.2 0.8 °
100 % Average speed 64 kn61 kn min to max 66 kn 61 66 kn
90 % Average bank angle 3.6 °0.0 ° min to max 5.8 ° 0.0 5.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.95 g min to max 1.11 g 1.05 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 360 ft/m293 ft/m min to max 492 ft/m 293 492 ft/m
Info Average altitude 18 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 42 ft agl 0 42 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.7 °5.2 ° min to max 9.7 ° 5.2 9.7 °
Departure Climb 2 78.41Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 29 NZMF Milford Sound.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
31 % Heading variation 2.7 °0.8 ° min to max 7.5 ° 0.8 7.5 °
100 % Average speed 66 kn64 kn min to max 74 kn 66 74 kn
83 % Average bank angle 2.7 °0.1 ° min to max 8.6 ° 5.2 8.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.89 g min to max 1.20 g 1.04 1.06 g
Info Average VSI 578 ft/m138 ft/m min to max 842 ft/m 498 138 ft/m
Info Average altitude 107 ft agl43 ft agl min to max 332 ft agl 43 332 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.5 °4.3 ° min to max 12.6 ° 9.7 5.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 201 ft agl · 67 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Milford Sound (Southland, New Zealand). Climbing from 349 ft asl to 1,603 ft asl, an increase of 1,255 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 76 kn62 kn min to max 81 kn 74 81 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 8.5 ° 8.5 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.80 g min to max 1.22 g 1.22 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 574 ft/m166 ft/m min to max 1,364 ft/m 257 400 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,000 ft asl349 ft asl min to max 1,603 ft asl 349 1,603 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.6 °4.2 ° min to max 15.9 ° 8.6 5.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 96.54Enroute level cruise started 3 miles north west of Milford Sound (Southland, New Zealand) and lasted 20 minutes, covering 15 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
88 % Average altitude 1,082 ft asl487 ft asl min to max 1,880 ft asl 1,610 487 ft asl
100 % Average speed 101 kn82 kn min to max 105 kn 82 99 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.5 °0.0 ° min to max 19.1 ° 1.3 2.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.09 g 0.99 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-1.4 ° min to max 6.0 ° 5.4 0.5 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 492 ft agl · 101 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles west of NZMJ Martins Bay Aerodrome Queenstown (Otago, New Zealand). Descent from 484 ft asl to 249 ft asl, a decrease of 235 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 98 kn93 kn min to max 102 kn 98 93 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.1 °2.2 ° min to max 13.9 ° 2.3 9.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.19 g 0.93 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -451 ft/m-926 ft/m min to max -171 ft/m -173 -382 ft/m
Info Average altitude 353 ft asl249 ft asl min to max 484 ft asl 484 249 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.2 °-4.2 ° min to max 0.8 ° -0.3 -0.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 16.20Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 3 miles west of NZMJ Martins Bay Aerodrome Queenstown (Otago, New Zealand).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 77 kn45 kn min to max 113 kn 93 70 kn
4 % Average bank angle 10.4 °0.0 ° min to max 49.2 ° 8.3 28.0 °
73 % Average g force 1.04 g0.53 g min to max 1.73 g 1.04 0.88 g
Info Average VSI -15 ft/m-1,176 ft/m min to max 1,250 ft/m -365 -923 ft/m
Info Average altitude 330 ft asl137 ft asl min to max 483 ft asl 243 137 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °-7.9 ° min to max 17.7 ° -0.2 -6.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 415 ft agl · 75 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 299 ft agl · 48 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 306 ft agl · 45 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 254 ft agl · 57 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 322 ft agl · 60 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 319 ft agl · 60 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 245 ft agl · 81 kt
Arrival Final 1 86.81Approaching runway 02 at NZMJ Martins Bay Aerodrome from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 91 ft agl to 45 ft agl. A decrease of 45 ft in 1 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Approach angle 4.0 °3.1 ° min to max 4.7 °Target 3.0 ° 4.7 3.1 °
100 % Average speed 69 kn68 kn min to max 70 kn 70 70 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.4 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.4 -0.3 °
39 % Average bank angle 18.0 °8.8 ° min to max 25.6 ° 25.6 9.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.91 g min to max 1.08 g 1.08 0.91 g
Info Average VSI -1,303 ft/m-1,443 ft/m min to max -1,148 ft/m -1,148 -1,443 ft/m
Info Average altitude 68 ft agl45 ft agl min to max 91 ft agl 91 45 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -6.8 °-10.2 ° min to max -3.9 ° -6.4 -9.7 °
00.250.50.751050100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-10-7.5-5-2.502.557.510Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 62.87Landing on runway 02 at NZMJ Martins Bay Aerodrome, runway length 489 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was too high at 70 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
62 % Threshold speed was too high at 70 kn. Target 55 kn
67 % Landing and flare profile
78 % Heading variation 0.6 °-0.3 ° min to max 1.1 ° -0.3 1.0 °
62 % Average bank angle 12.1 °0.5 ° min to max 16.5 ° 9.4 11.5 °
66 % Average g force 1.12 g0.49 g min to max 1.85 g 0.93 0.55 g
Info Average speed 62 kn56 kn min to max 70 kn 70 58 kn
Info Average VSI -954 ft/m-1,482 ft/m min to max -624 ft/m -1,456 -815 ft/m
Info Average altitude 28 ft agl6 ft agl min to max 53 ft agl 53 6 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °-8.9 ° min to max 13.6 ° -8.6 -8.7 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 22 ft agl · 61 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 14 ft agl · 58 kt
07515009.9420304050Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150-6-5-4-3-2-10123456Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 68.12Touchdown distance was good at 118 m. Touchdown speed at 58 knwas fast. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -815 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.8 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kn at 271 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Tailwind: 2 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
20 % Touchdown VSI was -815 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 118 mTarget 315 m
89 % Speed at touchdown 58 knTarget 51 kn
87 % Runway alignment max 6.75 m6.63 m left 6.75 6.44 m
0 % Average bank angle 10.5 °3.4 ° min to max 14.2 ° 11.5 3.4 °
49 % Average g force 1.38 g0.55 g min to max 2.15 g 0.55 1.29 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 51 kn47 kn min to max 58 kn 58 47 kn
Info Average pitch angle -4.8 °-8.7 ° min to max 0.6 ° -8.7 0.6 °
Arrival Rollout 94.07Total landing distance 213 m, 44 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 213 m44 % of runway.
88 % Runway alignment max 6.78 m6.35 m left to 0.43 m right 6.35 -0.43 m
95 % Average g force 1.05 g1.00 g min to max 1.34 g 1.23 1.01 g
Info Average speed 44 kn32 kn min to max 47 kn 47 32 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °2.4 ° min to max 6.7 ° 2.4 2.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.2 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.6 0.6 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 16 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 16 kn0 kn min to max 44 kn 26 44 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °2.3 ° min to max 3.3 ° 2.8 2.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.6 0.5 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.01 0.98 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 2 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 60 kt with 5.2° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

90 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF5.2° off9° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 18 kt 2.8° 0 s
Liftoff306 m 60 kt 5.2° 14.0 s
35 ft514 m · 6.3 s after liftoff 66 kt 9.1° 20.3 s
End of the climb1,644 m · 332 ft 74 kt 5.5° 53.9 s

Takeoff from NZMF 29

Taxi lightsFail
Off
Takeoff roll100.00
336m43 %
Liftoff speed100.00
60kt
Runway alignment97.21
3.81m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb97.53
359fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 332 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 228 m of runway left; then climbing at 500 fpm on average to 332 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 60 ktSCALE CHANGES0.9 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 774 m runway.

Rolled from 32 m in, drifted 3.8 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 43 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

100200300400500600700THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 3.83 m RROLL 32 M INAirborne 338 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 338 m of 774 m · 44 %
Behind the start of the roll, 32 mTakeoff roll, 306 m Left ahead, 436 m

The approach to NZMJ 02

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 0.5 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to 130 ft over).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND234
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 489 m left of the centreline at 0.5 nm.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND456 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on NZMJ 02

Over the threshold

Threshold height53.73
52ft
Threshold speed61.77
70kt
Centreline offset77.60
0.32m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
120m
Centreline86.50
6.75m L
Speed89.16
57kt
Touchdown rate19.52
-834fpm
Impact48.57
2.15G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, 11° of bank.

Wind 271° at 3 kt · 2 kt tail · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 49 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 6 s, an average deceleration of 0.20 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

020406030 kt · 110 mtouchdown114 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 489 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 52 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 120 m in, 184 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 489 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

52 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −814 fpm · −8.7° nose down · 58 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 52 ft, down at 120 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 1,530 fpm at 50 ft to 810 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−1,000−2,000−9°2°14°touchdown−814 fpm at touchdown−8.7° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 489 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 6.4 m left of the centreline, and steered back to 0.6 m left by the end of the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 120 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 120 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 2.15 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 201 m of 489 m · 41 %
In the air over the runway, 120 mRollout, 81 m Left over, 287 m
Rollout distance100.00
81m41 % used
Rollout alignment87.96
6.35m L

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