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CYKZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 33
Elevation0 ft asl
Fuel1,094 kg
Wind351° · 3 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

96.36 %
CYSN
St Catharines, Canada
Runway 24
Elevation315 ft asl
Weight9,378 kg
Fuel995 kg
Wind43° · 4 kn · 1 kn cross
9 May 2024 0:30 49 nm Douglas DC-3 99 kg
Departure Score
91.33 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
97.47 %

What went well

Touchdown 103 m in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout controlled — 43 % of the runway used

What held you back

Departure Roll — strobe lights; Takeoff distance 2,327 m at 0 %, Landing Lights at 0 %, −1.14 points
Departure Climb 3 — Heading variation -4.0 ° at 61 %, bank angle up to 15.8 ° at 64 %, −1.01 points
Departure Taxi — Taxi Lights at 0 %, −0.67 points

Next time

Maintain the centreline

See Departure Roll

A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 22 stages, 20 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 6 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 13 kn0 kn min to max 19 kn 0 13 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 13 knmax 14 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 0.99 g 0.98 0.98 g
Info Average pitch angle 12.0 °11.4 ° min to max 12.8 ° 11.8 12.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.2 0.1 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Battery Master On 9 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 9 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 9 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 9 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 9 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 9 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 9 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 9 ft agl · 15 kt
Departure Roll 82.85Departure roll runway 33 at CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun. Takeoff distance 2,327 m 196 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 67 kn. Local weather - Temperature 8 °C. Wind 3 kn at 350 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 3 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 2,327 m196 % of runway
86 % Liftoff speed was 67 knTarget 80 kn
78 % Runway alignment max 12.55 m9.05 m left to 3.51 m right 9.05 -3.51 m
100 % Average g force 0.95 g0.93 g min to max 0.97 g 0.97 0.97 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 11.2 °8.7 ° min to max 12.3 ° 12.3 8.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.2 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.2 1.4 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Strobe Lights
Info Stall Warning Activated 9 ft agl · 50 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 10 ft agl · 59 kt
Departure Climb 1 99.05Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 33 CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.5 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 -0.5 °
100 % Average speed 74 kn67 kn min to max 78 kn 67 78 kn
96 % Average bank angle 2.3 °0.2 ° min to max 3.4 ° 1.5 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.07 g 0.97 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 382 ft/m96 ft/m min to max 700 ft/m 96 700 ft/m
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 37 ft agl 0 37 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.3 °8.4 ° min to max 13.8 ° 8.7 13.8 °
Departure Climb 2 99.89Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 33 CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.9 °-1.9 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.5 -1.9 °
100 % Average speed 78 kn75 kn min to max 78 kn 78 76 kn
99.6 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.2 2.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.87 g min to max 1.08 g 1.07 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 964 ft/m618 ft/m min to max 1,268 ft/m 712 713 ft/m
Info Average altitude 112 ft agl38 ft agl min to max 379 ft agl 38 379 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 15.0 °13.3 ° min to max 16.6 ° 14.0 14.4 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 61 ft agl · 80 kt
Departure Climb 3 84.84Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 33 CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
61 % Heading variation -4.0 °-6.4 ° min to max -2.1 ° -2.1 -6.4 °
100 % Average speed 81 kn76 kn min to max 86 kn 77 86 kn
64 % Average bank angle 3.3 °0.0 ° min to max 15.8 ° 2.8 15.8 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.90 g min to max 1.09 g 1.02 1.09 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 866 ft/m727 ft/m min to max 1,049 ft/m 789 979 ft/m
Info Average altitude 605 ft agl392 ft agl min to max 826 ft agl 392 826 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.8 °10.4 ° min to max 14.9 ° 14.9 13.6 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north west of CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun Toronto (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,496 ft asl to 2,338 ft asl, an increase of 842 ft in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 93 kn85 kn min to max 103 kn 86 103 kn
100 % Average bank angle 16.3 °6.8 ° min to max 25.2 ° 16.3 6.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.90 g min to max 1.10 g 1.03 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 864 ft/m440 ft/m min to max 1,144 ft/m 1,096 440 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,928 ft asl1,496 ft asl min to max 2,338 ft asl 1,496 2,338 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 10.5 °5.8 ° min to max 13.8 ° 13.8 5.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 989 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 989 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 1,270 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 1,270 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 1,647 ft agl · 107 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 1,647 ft agl · 107 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 1,661 ft agl · 109 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile west of CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun Toronto (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,323 ft asl2,262 ft asl min to max 2,398 ft asl 2,345 2,398 ft asl
100 % Average speed 126 kn104 kn min to max 135 kn 104 135 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.6 °0.1 ° min to max 15.8 ° 5.5 15.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.88 g min to max 1.09 g 0.98 1.05 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °-1.2 ° min to max 5.5 ° 5.5 4.1 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,682 ft agl · 114 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,686 ft agl · 120 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 1,686 ft agl · 120 kt
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile south of CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun Toronto (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 2,408 ft asl to 2,840 ft asl, an increase of 432 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 134 kn132 kn min to max 136 kn 136 132 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.1 °0.0 ° min to max 15.2 ° 15.2 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.05 g 1.05 0.93 g
Info Average VSI 640 ft/m326 ft/m min to max 708 ft/m 594 326 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,531 ft asl2,408 ft asl min to max 2,840 ft asl 2,408 2,840 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.4 °2.7 ° min to max 4.7 ° 4.2 2.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,189 ft agl · 139 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,189 ft agl · 139 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Hillcrest Village (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 10 minutes, covering 26 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,909 ft asl2,735 ft asl min to max 2,951 ft asl 2,844 2,786 ft asl
100 % Average speed 146 kn111 kn min to max 155 kn 139 111 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.03 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °0.5 ° min to max 4.0 ° 1.9 4.0 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,615 ft agl · 122 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2,615 ft agl · 122 kt
Enroute Climb 3 100.00Enroute climb started 9 miles north of Niagara-on-the-Lake (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 2,800 ft asl to 3,061 ft asl, an increase of 261 ft in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 108 kn105 kn min to max 111 kn 107 105 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.6 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 0.98 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 376 ft/m16 ft/m min to max 561 ft/m 16 383 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,906 ft asl2,800 ft asl min to max 3,061 ft asl 2,800 3,061 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °3.7 ° min to max 6.2 ° 3.7 5.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 8 miles north of Niagara-on-the-Lake (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 3,100 ft asl to 1,794 ft asl, a decrease of 1,307 ft in 3 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 94 kn86 kn min to max 98 kn 98 94 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 11.7 ° 0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.05 g 0.94 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -439 ft/m-533 ft/m min to max -16 ft/m -102 -462 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,188 ft asl1,794 ft asl min to max 3,100 ft asl 3,100 1,794 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °0.6 ° min to max 4.0 ° 3.6 0.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,834 ft agl · 104 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,834 ft agl · 104 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2,834 ft agl · 104 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 2,817 ft agl · 105 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,774 ft agl · 92 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2,774 ft agl · 92 kt
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 4 miles north west of 63NY Shear Ransomville (New York, United States) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,664 ft asl1,630 ft asl min to max 1,786 ft asl 1,786 1,660 ft asl
100 % Average speed 87 kn84 kn min to max 95 kn 94 88 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.0 ° min to max 21.3 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.11 g 1.00 0.97 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.0 °0.7 ° min to max 6.5 ° 0.7 2.5 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,484 ft agl · 98 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,484 ft agl · 98 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 1,408 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 1,408 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 1,407 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated 1,407 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 1,379 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 1,379 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,369 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 1,369 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 1,369 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,366 ft agl · 90 kt
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 4 miles north west of 63NY Shear Ransomville (New York, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 90 kn88 kn min to max 92 kn 88 92 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.3 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.98 g min to max 0.99 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -307 ft/m-400 ft/m min to max -215 ft/m -215 -400 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,630 ft asl1,598 ft asl min to max 1,656 ft asl 1,656 1,598 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °1.2 ° min to max 2.4 ° 2.4 1.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 4 100.00Approaching runway 24 at CYSN St Catharines\/Niagara District from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,277 ft agl to 1,000 ft agl. A decrease of 277 ft in 33 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.1 °3.0 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 3.1 °
100 % Average speed 91 kn90 kn min to max 94 kn 93 90 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.2 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -496 ft/m-762 ft/m min to max -153 ft/m -403 -606 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,157 ft agl1,000 ft agl min to max 1,277 ft agl 1,277 1,000 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-1.5 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.2 -0.4 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,267 ft agl · 95 kt
33.253.53.7549009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-100-75-50-250255075100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 3 100.00Approaching runway 24 at CYSN St Catharines\/Niagara District from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 981 ft agl to 660 ft agl. A decrease of 320 ft in 35 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.1 °3.1 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 3.1 3.1 °
100 % Average speed 89 kn87 kn min to max 91 kn 91 88 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.5 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 0.97 g
Info Average VSI -550 ft/m-612 ft/m min to max -478 ft/m -568 -548 ft/m
Info Average altitude 821 ft agl660 ft agl min to max 981 ft agl 981 660 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-0.9 ° min to max 0.2 ° -0.1 -0.3 °
22.252.52.7535506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-80-60-40-20020406080Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 100.00Approaching runway 24 at CYSN St Catharines\/Niagara District from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 650 ft agl to 313 ft agl. A decrease of 337 ft in 39 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.9 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 3.1 2.9 °
100 % Average speed 83 kn76 kn min to max 87 kn 87 77 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° -0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.1 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.07 g 0.99 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -507 ft/m-668 ft/m min to max -310 ft/m -600 -586 ft/m
Info Average altitude 474 ft agl313 ft agl min to max 650 ft agl 650 313 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-0.6 ° min to max 3.0 ° -0.1 1.3 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 610 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated 610 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 506 ft agl · 88 kt
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 99.98Approaching runway 24 at CYSN St Catharines\/Niagara District from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 304 ft agl to 33 ft agl. A decrease of 271 ft in 37 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.4 °1.9 ° min to max 2.9 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 1.9 °
100 % Average speed 70 kn68 kn min to max 77 kn 76 69 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.1 °
99.9 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 1.4 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 0.97 g
Info Average VSI -411 ft/m-568 ft/m min to max -293 ft/m -568 -484 ft/m
Info Average altitude 86 ft agl33 ft agl min to max 304 ft agl 304 33 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °1.4 ° min to max 5.0 ° 1.4 2.7 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 98.15Landing on runway 24 at CYSN St Catharines\/Niagara District, runway length 1,523 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 69 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Threshold speed was a little below target at 69 kn. Target 80 kn
100 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.97 g min to max 1.10 g 0.97 1.09 g
Info Average speed 68 kn68 kn min to max 69 kn 69 68 kn
Info Average VSI -464 ft/m-514 ft/m min to max -318 ft/m -488 -318 ft/m
Info Average altitude 11 ft agl2 ft agl min to max 21 ft agl 21 2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.0 °2.7 ° min to max 5.9 ° 2.7 5.9 °
07501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 92.90Touchdown distance was good at 102 m. Touchdown speed at 68 kn was good. Touchdown rate was firm at -318 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 8 °C. Wind 4 kn at 42 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 4 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
72 % Touchdown VSI was -318 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 102 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 68 knTarget 75 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 2.20 m2.06 m right -1.95 -2.20 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.1 °
99 % Average g force 1.16 g1.09 g min to max 1.27 g 1.09 1.11 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 67 kn67 kn min to max 68 kn 68 67 kn
Info Average pitch angle 6.6 °5.9 ° min to max 7.4 ° 5.9 7.4 °
Arrival Rollout 88.73Total landing distance 678 m, 45 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 9.9 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 678 m45 % of runway.
75 % Runway alignment max 16.23 m9.92 m left to 6.31 m right -2.24 4.03 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.83 g min to max 1.10 g 1.10 1.02 g
Info Average speed 67 kn40 kn min to max 72 kn 72 40 kn
Info Average pitch angle 6.1 °3.7 ° min to max 12.6 ° 7.5 12.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.1 0.0 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 10 ft agl · 62 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 10 ft agl · 59 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 10 ft agl · 56 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 8 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 12 kn5 kn min to max 35 kn 35 12 kn
Info Average pitch angle 11.8 °11.5 ° min to max 12.1 ° 12.0 12.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.03 g 1.02 0.97 g

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched On 9 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 9 kn0 kn min to max 14 kn 12 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 6 knmax 10 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 0.97 0.98 g
Info Average pitch angle 12.0 °11.6 ° min to max 12.3 ° 12.1 12.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.1 °

Events

Info Parking Brake On 9 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 9 ft agl · 4 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 67 kt with 8.7° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

90 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF8.7° off14° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 15 kt 12.3° 0 s
Liftoff369 m 67 kt 8.7° 17.9 s
35 ft640 m · 7.2 s after liftoff 78 kt 13.6° 25.1 s
End of Climb 32,701 m · 826 ft 86 kt 13.6° 77 s

Takeoff from CYKZ 33

Taxi lightsFail
Off
Runway alignment78.13
9.05m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 826 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 404 m of runway left; then climbing at 840 fpm on average to 826 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 67 ktSCALE CHANGES1.7 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,187 m runway.

Rolled from 142 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 9.1 m at the widest, and lifted off 3.5 m right. Airborne 43 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 9.06 m LROLL 142 M INAirborne 511 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 511 m of 1,187 m · 43 %
Behind the start of the roll, 142 mTakeoff roll, 369 m Left ahead, 676 m

The approach to CYSN 24

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 60 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,2981,038692523361179
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 39× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 9 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR24 m L024 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND5 m L3 m L1 m R8 m R1 m R6 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CYSN 24

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
21ft
Threshold speed92.58
68kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.02m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
103m
Centreline100.00
2.20m R
Speed100.00
67kt
Touchdown rate71.84
-318fpm
Impact98.86
1.27G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 043° at 4 kt · 4 kt tail · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 73 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 22 s, an average deceleration of 0.11 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 309 m30 kt · 629 mtouchdown654 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,523 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 21 ft, 29 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 103 m in, 201 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,523 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

21 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −317 fpm · 5.9° nose up · 68 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 21 ft, down at 103 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 510 fpm at 19 ft to 320 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.1° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−317 fpm at touchdown5.9° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,523 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 2.2 m right of the centreline and drifted to 6.3 m right on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 103 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 103 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 317 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 657 m of 1,523 m · 43 %
In the air over the runway, 103 mRollout, 554 m Left over, 866 m
Rollout distance100.00
554m43 % used
Rollout alignment74.96
9.92m L

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