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CYKZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 15
Elevation636 ft asl
Weight3,169 lbs
Fuel239 lbs
Wind71° · 2 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

84.39 %
CYKZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 21
Elevation636 ft asl
Weight3,163 lbs
Fuel233 lbs
14 Dec 2022 0:06 9 nm Bonanza G36 6 lbs
Departure Score
91.32 %
Enroute Score
82.08 %
Arrival Score
79.77 %

What went well

Touched down at -164 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 812 ft in — inside the full-score zone
1.21 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Enroute Level — Average altitude 2,209 ft asl at 32 %, −3.54 points
Enroute Climb — speed limits at 66 %, −2.43 points
Departure Roll — landing lights off should be on, strobe light off should be on, then flaps not extended; Liftoff speed was 83 kn at 81 %, Runway alignment max 9.3 ft at 85 %, −1.78 points

Next time

Monitor your speed

See Enroute Level

Below 10,000 ft you are typically limited to 250 kt indicated (a US rule that much of the world mirrors in some form, though not universally). This forces a deceleration around 10,000 ft whether the profile wants one or not, so plan for it rather than discovering it.

Start to finish · 14 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 84.93Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
87 % Average speed 18 kn11 kn min to max 27 kn 11 27 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g
0 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °0.5 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.3 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.4 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Departure Roll 73.23Departure roll runway 15 at CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun. Takeoff distance 0 ft 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 83 kn. Local weather - Temperature 60 °F. Wind 2 kn at 70 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 ft0 % of runway
81 % Liftoff speed was 83 knTarget 80 kn
85 % Runway alignment max 9.3 ft9.3 ft left to 0.0 ft left 2.8 7.3 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.06 g 0.99 1.06 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.5 ° min to max 3.7 ° 0.5 3.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.4 0.2 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Fail Flaps not extended
Departure Climb 1 99.40Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 15 CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.2 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 85 kn83 kn min to max 87 kn 83 87 kn
99 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.2 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.2 1.3 °
97 % Average g force 1.25 g1.08 g min to max 1.31 g 1.08 1.24 g
Info Average VSI 871 ft/m474 ft/m min to max 1,268 ft/m 474 1,268 ft/m
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 48 ft agl 0 48 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.5 °4.0 ° min to max 14.6 ° 4.0 14.6 °
Departure Climb 2 99.05Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 15 CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.9 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.9 °
100 % Average speed 86 kn79 kn min to max 96 kn 87 96 kn
97 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.1 ° min to max 5.0 ° 1.2 1.9 °
98 % Average g force 1.07 g0.71 g min to max 1.24 g 1.24 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 1,511 ft/m770 ft/m min to max 2,150 ft/m 1,306 950 ft/m
Info Average altitude 150 ft agl56 ft agl min to max 386 ft agl 56 386 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 14.1 °7.4 ° min to max 17.9 ° 14.8 8.2 °
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 15 CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -2.7 °-3.9 ° min to max -1.2 ° -1.2 -3.9 °
100 % Average speed 106 kn97 kn min to max 116 kn 97 116 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 1.0 2.8 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.86 g min to max 1.04 g 1.03 0.91 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,043 ft/m816 ft/m min to max 1,252 ft/m 1,065 1,005 ft/m
Info Average altitude 702 ft agl399 ft agl min to max 986 ft agl 399 986 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.0 °5.4 ° min to max 8.8 ° 8.7 5.6 °
Enroute Climb 85.41Enroute climb started 1 mile north of Steeles (Toronto county, Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,642 ft asl to 2,270 ft asl, an increase of 628 ft in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
66 % Climb speed 120 kn115 kn min to max 132 knTarget 100 kn 117 132 kn
100 % Average bank angle 14.8 °0.2 ° min to max 34.4 ° 2.5 0.9 °
90 % Average g force 1.03 g0.58 g min to max 1.21 g 0.94 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 884 ft/m-832 ft/m min to max 1,710 ft/m 889 -832 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,017 ft asl1,642 ft asl min to max 2,301 ft asl 1,642 2,270 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °-3.5 ° min to max 9.1 ° 4.8 -3.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 78.76Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of Milliken (Toronto county, Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
32 % Average altitude 2,209 ft asl2,033 ft asl min to max 2,368 ft asl 2,255 2,193 ft asl
100 % Average speed 140 kn126 kn min to max 153 kn 139 130 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.8 °0.0 ° min to max 20.6 ° 0.6 20.6 °
92 % Average g force 1.01 g0.61 g min to max 1.22 g 1.10 0.97 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-4.7 ° min to max 7.4 ° -2.6 1.9 °
Arrival 79.69Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 1 mile north west of Milliken (Toronto county, Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 125 kn117 kn min to max 135 kn 125 122 kn
55 % Average bank angle 16.4 °3.1 ° min to max 40.1 ° 20.6 11.4 °
88 % Average g force 1.04 g0.88 g min to max 1.46 g 1.13 0.88 g
Info Average VSI -457 ft/m-1,394 ft/m min to max 837 ft/m 311 -1,394 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,043 ft asl1,788 ft asl min to max 2,272 ft asl 2,198 1,788 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-6.5 ° min to max 5.3 ° 2.5 -6.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 3 77.45Approaching runway 21 at CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 1,127 ft agl to 710 ft agl. A decrease of 417 ft in 23 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
87 % Approach angle 3.6 °3.4 ° min to max 3.9 °Target 3.0 ° 3.9 3.4 °
100 % Average speed 111 kn102 kn min to max 122 kn 122 102 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.9 ° min to max 0.8 ° -0.9 0.8 °
6 % Average bank angle 4.8 °0.4 ° min to max 13.2 ° 11.3 3.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.88 g min to max 1.18 g 0.95 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -1,067 ft/m-1,606 ft/m min to max -823 ft/m -1,602 -1,021 ft/m
Info Average altitude 897 ft agl710 ft agl min to max 1,127 ft agl 1,127 710 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -4.0 °-6.8 ° min to max -2.9 ° -6.8 -3.6 °
22.252.52.7536507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-370-278-185-93093185278370Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 2 90.93Approaching runway 21 at CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 692 ft agl to 234 ft agl. A decrease of 458 ft in 36 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.9 °2.3 ° min to max 3.4 °Target 3.0 ° 3.4 2.3 °
100 % Average speed 90 kn84 kn min to max 101 kn 101 84 kn
100 % Heading variation 1.0 °0.9 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.9 0.9 °
55 % Average bank angle 2.8 °0.2 ° min to max 5.7 ° 0.8 2.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.90 g min to max 1.13 g 1.02 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -750 ft/m-1,031 ft/m min to max -534 ft/m -1,031 -605 ft/m
Info Average altitude 450 ft agl234 ft agl min to max 692 ft agl 692 234 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.8 °-4.2 ° min to max -1.2 ° -3.6 -1.7 °
11.251.51.752150200250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-260-195-130-65065130195260Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 73.42Approaching runway 21 at CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 225 ft agl to 29 ft agl. A decrease of 196 ft in 33 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Approach angle 2.6 °2.1 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 2.2 2.1 °
100 % Average speed 84 kn83 kn min to max 86 kn 84 83 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.7 0.2 °
74 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.1 ° min to max 6.0 ° 6.0 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.87 g min to max 1.15 g 1.03 1.08 g
Info Average VSI -493 ft/m-611 ft/m min to max -45 ft/m -559 -524 ft/m
Info Average altitude 80 ft agl29 ft agl min to max 225 ft agl 225 29 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-2.4 ° min to max 1.7 ° -1.2 -0.7 °

Events

Fail Flaps not extended
Fail Gear not down
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-120-90-60-300306090120Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 69.78Landing on runway 21 at CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun, runway length 2,692 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 83 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 83 kn. Target 77 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.3 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.4 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.91 g min to max 1.15 g 1.09 0.91 g
Info Average speed 80 kn74 kn min to max 84 kn 83 74 kn
Info Average VSI -301 ft/m-520 ft/m min to max -121 ft/m -520 -164 ft/m
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 23 ft agl 23 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-0.9 ° min to max 2.6 ° -0.7 0.7 °
025050075001020304050Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft0250500750-50-40-30-20-1001020304050Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 94.89Touchdown distance was good at 771 ft. Touchdown speed at 74 knwas fast. Touchdown rate was good at -164 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 15 ft from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 59 °F. Wind 3 kn at 118 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Touchdown VSI was -164 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 771 ftTarget 1,397 ft
99.6 % Speed at touchdown 74 knTarget 67 kn
73 % Runway alignment max 14.8 ft12.4 ft left 10.4 14.8 ft
99 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.4 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.4 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.10 g1.00 g min to max 1.21 g 1.14 1.00 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 73 kn71 kn min to max 74 kn 74 71 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °0.8 ° min to max 2.8 ° 0.8 2.3 °
Arrival Rollout 72.17Total landing distance 1,542 ft, 57 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 32 ft from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,542 ft57 % of runway.
38 % Runway alignment max 31.7 ft31.7 ft left to 0.0 ft left 15.3 31.7 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average speed 62 kn37 kn min to max 72 kn 72 37 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-1.1 ° min to max 2.0 ° 2.0 -1.1 °
Info Average bank angle 1.1 °0.2 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.8 0.3 °

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 82 kt with 4.0° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF4.0° off13° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 31 kt 0.5° 0 s
Liftoff1,224 ft 82 kt 4.0° 11.8 s
35 ft1,597 ft · 2.6 s after liftoff 86 kt 13.3° 14.4 s
End of Climb 310,211 ft · 986 ft 116 kt 5.6° 65 s

Takeoff from CYKZ 15

Takeoff roll100.00
1,803ft46 %
Liftoff speed81.28
82kt
Runway alignment84.85
9.3ft L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.40
870fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 986 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 1,706 ft of runway left; then climbing at 1,100 fpm on average to 986 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 82 ktSCALE CHANGES1.1 nm past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 3,893 ft runway.

Rolled from 590 ft in, drifted left of the centreline, 9 ft at the widest, and lifted off 7 ft left. Airborne 46 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS2 kn75 %widest 9.2 ft LROLL 590 FT INAirborne 1,813 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,813 ft of 3,893 ft · 47 %
Behind the start of the roll, 590 ftTakeoff roll, 1,224 ft Left ahead, 2,080 ft

The approach to CYKZ 21

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 3.0 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 280 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,216781538288159
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 3.0 nm, where the final began, to 1.8 nm, then drifted 210 ft left between 1.8 and 0.7 nm, then inside the band from 0.7 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR770 ft L0770 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND308 ft L129 ft L206 ft L129 ft L29 ft L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CYKZ 21

Over the threshold

Threshold height13.65
22ft
Threshold speed100.00
83kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.3ft L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
812ft
Centreline73.40
14.8ft L
Speed99.56
74kt
Touchdown rate96.03
-164fpm
Impact100.00
1.21G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No wind recorded: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 74 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 9 s, an average deceleration of 0.25 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 500 ft30 kt · 839 fttouchdown873 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 2,692 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 22 ft, 28 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 812 ft in, 188 ft short of the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 2,692 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

22 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −163 fpm · 0.7° nose up · 74 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 22 ft, down at 812 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 470 fpm at 17 ft to 160 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.6° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−163 fpm at touchdown0.7° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 2,692 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 15 ft left of the centreline and drifted to 29 ft left on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

1,0002,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 812 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 812 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,456 ft of 2,692 ft · 54 %
In the air over the runway, 812 ftRollout, 644 ft Left over, 1,236 ft
Rollout distance100.00
644ft53 % used
Rollout alignment38.15
31.7ft L

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