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CYYZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 15L
Elevation545 ft asl
Weight9,460 kg
Fuel1,094 kg
Wind150° · 14 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

86.96 %
CYKF
Kitchener, Canada
Runway 26
Elevation1,030 ft asl
Weight9,368 kg
Fuel985 kg
Wind180° · 15 kn · 14 kn cross
11 May 2024 0:32 47 nm Douglas DC-3 109 kg
Departure Score
83.94 %
Enroute Score
99.98 %
Arrival Score
76.95 %

What went well

Touchdown 318 m in — inside the full-score zone
1.22 G at touchdown — inside band
Rollout controlled — 44 % of the runway used

What held you back

Departure Taxi — peak speed in a turn 30 kt at 0 %, Taxi Lights at 0 %, −4.49 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 60.25 m at 0 %, −2.50 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 4.3 ° at 16 %, Heading variation -0.6 ° at 57 %, −1.77 points

Next time

Improve the rollout

See Arrival Rollout

Ground control varies with speed, full authority at walking pace, progressively reducing as groundspeed rises. The aircraft becomes twitchy at any speed, every small pedal input swings the nose, which can encourage large-amplitude leg inputs that no real aircraft would accept.

Read more in How to Taxi Anywhere

Start to finish · 23 stages, 22 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 32.67Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 10 minutes and covered 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
57 % Average speed 21 kn0 kn min to max 32 kn 0 32 kn
0 % Average speed turning corners 24 knmax 30 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 0.98 g
Info Average pitch angle 11.7 °-2.0 ° min to max 12.4 ° -2.0 12.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.1 0.0 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Parking Brake Off 9 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 9 ft agl
Departure Roll 88.78Departure roll runway 15L at CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl. Takeoff distance 7,260 m 216 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 72 kn. Local weather - Temperature 14 °C. Wind 14 kn at 150 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 13 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 7,260 m216 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 72 knTarget 80 kn
94 % Runway alignment max 5.17 m0.45 m left to 4.72 m right 0.45 -4.72 m
100 % Average g force 0.97 g0.95 g min to max 1.05 g 0.97 1.05 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 9.1 °4.9 ° min to max 12.3 ° 12.2 9.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.7 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 99.78Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 15L CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.1 °
100 % Average speed 78 kn72 kn min to max 82 kn 72 82 kn
99 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.8 ° min to max 2.3 ° 0.8 2.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.93 g min to max 1.11 g 1.06 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 410 ft/m241 ft/m min to max 620 ft/m 241 620 ft/m
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 39 ft agl 0 39 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.2 °9.3 ° min to max 11.4 ° 9.3 11.4 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 34 ft agl · 84 kt
Departure Climb 2 99.95Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 15L CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.4 °-1.2 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -1.0 °
100 % Average speed 84 kn81 kn min to max 94 kn 82 92 kn
99.8 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° 2.1 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.96 g0.85 g min to max 1.09 g 1.03 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 754 ft/m433 ft/m min to max 1,454 ft/m 630 872 ft/m
Info Average altitude 99 ft agl40 ft agl min to max 371 ft agl 40 371 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.8 °8.9 ° min to max 14.8 ° 11.4 11.7 °
Departure Climb 3 98.50Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 15L CYYZ Toronto\/Pearson Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Heading variation -2.2 °-4.2 ° min to max -1.0 ° -1.0 -4.2 °
100 % Average speed 94 kn90 kn min to max 104 kn 94 104 kn
95 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 3.8 ° 1.3 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.89 g min to max 1.10 g 0.98 1.00 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 792 ft/m227 ft/m min to max 1,467 ft/m 828 555 ft/m
Info Average altitude 672 ft agl385 ft agl min to max 969 ft agl 385 969 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.7 °5.1 ° min to max 13.3 ° 11.4 6.4 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north west of Eringate-Centennial-West Deane (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,551 ft asl to 1,685 ft asl, an increase of 134 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 105 kn103 kn min to max 106 kn 104 104 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.6 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.6 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.93 g min to max 1.11 g 1.06 0.96 g
Info Average VSI 962 ft/m619 ft/m min to max 1,237 ft/m 619 1,036 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,614 ft asl1,551 ft asl min to max 1,685 ft asl 1,551 1,685 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 8.5 °7.1 ° min to max 9.6 ° 7.1 8.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 99.77Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of Eringate-Centennial-West Deane (Ontario, Canada) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,725 ft asl1,663 ft asl min to max 1,812 ft asl 1,701 1,812 ft asl
100 % Average speed 121 kn103 kn min to max 133 kn 104 130 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.1 ° min to max 2.3 ° 0.8 1.0 °
98 % Average g force 1.00 g0.74 g min to max 1.29 g 0.96 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.6 °-0.3 ° min to max 8.4 ° 8.4 5.5 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 1,223 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 1,223 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 1,223 ft agl · 108 kt
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Eringate-Centennial-West Deane (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,826 ft asl to 3,663 ft asl, an increase of 1,837 ft in 3 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 132 kn122 kn min to max 148 kn 130 148 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.9 °0.1 ° min to max 26.2 ° 0.7 4.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.92 g min to max 1.22 g 0.99 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 540 ft/m-316 ft/m min to max 1,269 ft/m 855 27 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,780 ft asl1,826 ft asl min to max 3,663 ft asl 1,826 3,663 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °0.2 ° min to max 7.6 ° 5.4 1.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 1,632 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 1,632 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,632 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 2,803 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 2,803 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2,803 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 2,817 ft agl · 133 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 2,817 ft agl · 133 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,954 ft agl · 148 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,954 ft agl · 148 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,954 ft agl · 149 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2,954 ft agl · 149 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 3,195 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 3,195 ft agl · 154 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south west of Markland Wood (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 8 minutes, covering 19 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 3,849 ft asl3,674 ft asl min to max 4,029 ft asl 3,674 4,029 ft asl
100 % Average speed 133 kn78 kn min to max 161 kn 151 78 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° 0.1 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °0.3 ° min to max 6.9 ° 1.1 6.9 °

Events

Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3,123 ft agl · 173 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3,123 ft agl · 173 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,807 ft agl · 116 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2,807 ft agl · 116 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2,822 ft agl · 110 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 2,822 ft agl · 107 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 6 miles east of CNC4 Guelph Guelph (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 4,046 ft asl to 2,934 ft asl, a decrease of 1,112 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 94 kn74 kn min to max 98 kn 74 96 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.3 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -513 ft/m-619 ft/m min to max 87 ft/m 87 -491 ft/m
Info Average altitude 3,316 ft asl2,934 ft asl min to max 4,046 ft asl 4,046 2,934 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °0.3 ° min to max 7.8 ° 7.8 1.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,917 ft agl · 79 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,917 ft agl · 79 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,920 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2,920 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,854 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,854 ft agl · 102 kt
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles south east of CNC4 Guelph Guelph (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,895 ft asl2,864 ft asl min to max 2,927 ft asl 2,927 2,864 ft asl
100 % Average speed 85 kn81 kn min to max 96 kn 96 84 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 11.0 ° 0.4 2.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.05 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.4 °1.5 ° min to max 5.9 ° 1.5 1.6 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,784 ft agl · 88 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 1,784 ft agl · 88 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles south east of CNC4 Guelph Guelph (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 2,855 ft asl to 2,633 ft asl, a decrease of 222 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 91 kn85 kn min to max 94 kn 85 94 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.3 °0.1 ° min to max 5.2 ° 3.3 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -434 ft/m-546 ft/m min to max -313 ft/m -546 -519 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,748 ft asl2,633 ft asl min to max 2,855 ft asl 2,855 2,633 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °0.1 ° min to max 2.5 ° 2.0 0.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 4 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south of CNC4 Guelph Guelph (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,480 ft asl2,378 ft asl min to max 2,625 ft asl 2,625 2,378 ft asl
100 % Average speed 95 kn87 kn min to max 97 kn 94 87 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.3 ° 0.6 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.09 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °-0.1 ° min to max 4.9 ° 0.1 4.9 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,284 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,284 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,306 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 1,306 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,311 ft agl · 93 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,311 ft agl · 93 kt
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles south east of Guelph (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 2,378 ft asl to 2,163 ft asl, a decrease of 214 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 87 kn84 kn min to max 90 kn 86 90 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.4 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.92 g min to max 1.05 g 0.98 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -403 ft/m-618 ft/m min to max -47 ft/m -47 -440 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,275 ft asl2,163 ft asl min to max 2,378 ft asl 2,378 2,163 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °1.7 ° min to max 4.9 ° 4.9 1.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,102 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,102 ft agl · 94 kt
Enroute Level 5 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south of Guelph (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,101 ft asl2,004 ft asl min to max 2,155 ft asl 2,155 2,004 ft asl
100 % Average speed 83 kn78 kn min to max 90 kn 89 86 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.7 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.05 g 0.99 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.2 °1.7 ° min to max 5.6 ° 1.8 1.7 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,049 ft agl · 82 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 1,049 ft agl · 82 kt
Enroute Descent 4 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles south of Guelph (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 1,999 ft asl to 1,350 ft asl, a decrease of 649 ft in 2 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 87 kn78 kn min to max 94 kn 86 82 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.5 ° 0.1 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.11 g 0.98 1.11 g
Info Average VSI -409 ft/m-918 ft/m min to max -218 ft/m -289 -468 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,712 ft asl1,350 ft asl min to max 1,999 ft asl 1,999 1,350 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °-1.5 ° min to max 4.3 ° 1.2 4.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched On 690 ft agl · 95 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 681 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 672 ft agl · 93 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 667 ft agl · 95 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 651 ft agl · 92 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 462 ft agl · 83 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 462 ft agl · 83 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 462 ft agl · 83 kt
Arrival Final 2 95.45Approaching runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 316 ft agl to 354 ft agl. A decrease of 38 ft in 40 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.3 °1.6 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 1.6 3.1 °
100 % Average speed 68 kn62 kn min to max 81 kn 81 64 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.4 °-1.8 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -1.8 °
77 % Average bank angle 4.5 °0.0 ° min to max 11.4 ° 0.6 9.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.83 g min to max 1.14 g 1.03 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 59 ft/m-658 ft/m min to max 500 ft/m -279 -112 ft/m
Info Average altitude 338 ft agl307 ft agl min to max 364 ft agl 316 354 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.9 °4.6 ° min to max 11.3 ° 4.6 8.4 °
11.251.51.752200250300350400450500550600650Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-100-75-50-250255075100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 68.09Approaching runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 353 ft agl to 100 ft agl. A decrease of 253 ft in 46 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
16 % Approach angle 4.3 °3.2 ° min to max 4.8 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 4.8 °
100 % Average speed 69 kn64 kn min to max 72 kn 65 70 kn
57 % Heading variation -0.6 °-1.6 ° min to max -0.0 ° -1.5 -0.3 °
67 % Average bank angle 4.4 °0.0 ° min to max 15.8 ° 11.6 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.88 g min to max 1.06 g 1.04 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -397 ft/m-642 ft/m min to max 134 ft/m -46 -532 ft/m
Info Average altitude 195 ft agl100 ft agl min to max 353 ft agl 353 100 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.5 °2.7 ° min to max 9.5 ° 9.1 3.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 4 138 ft agl · 74 kt
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-120-90-60-300306090120Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 69.93Landing on runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, runway length 2,124 m. Threshold height at 65 ft agl was above target. Threshold speed was a little below target at 70 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Threshold speed was a little below target at 70 kn. Target 80 kn
9 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.3 -0.5 °
90 % Average bank angle 4.0 °0.0 ° min to max 6.9 ° 0.6 5.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.94 g min to max 1.10 g 1.01 1.07 g
Info Average speed 68 kn65 kn min to max 70 kn 70 65 kn
Info Average VSI -442 ft/m-562 ft/m min to max -297 ft/m -530 -370 ft/m
Info Average altitude 31 ft agl-6 ft agl min to max 65 ft agl 65 -6 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °3.0 ° min to max 5.7 ° 3.0 5.7 °
07515022530037501326395164Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 83.16Touchdown distance was good at 316 m. Touchdown speed at 65 kn was good. Touchdown rate was firm at -370 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 14.5 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 11 °C. Wind 15 kn at 180 °. Crosswind: 13 kn Headwind: 6 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
66 % Touchdown VSI was -370 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 316 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 65 knTarget 75 kn
58 % Runway alignment max 14.50 m14.33 m right -14.50 -14.01 m
57 % Average bank angle 3.9 °2.4 ° min to max 5.5 ° 5.5 2.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.17 g1.07 g min to max 1.22 g 1.07 1.13 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 65 kn64 kn min to max 65 kn 65 64 kn
Info Average pitch angle 6.1 °5.7 ° min to max 6.8 ° 5.7 6.8 °
Arrival Rollout 55.00Total landing distance 958 m, 45 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was excessively misaligned by 46.3 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 958 m45 % of runway.
0 % Runway alignment max 60.25 m46.31 m left to 13.94 m right -13.94 46.31 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.92 g min to max 1.13 g 1.13 0.99 g
Info Average speed 53 kn31 kn min to max 61 kn 61 31 kn
Info Average pitch angle 6.9 °4.4 ° min to max 11.9 ° 6.9 11.8 °
Info Average bank angle 3.1 °0.1 ° min to max 16.0 ° 2.3 0.8 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 10 ft agl · 53 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 11 ft agl · 49 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 24 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 19 kn15 kn min to max 30 kn 30 15 kn
Info Average pitch angle 11.7 °11.2 ° min to max 12.1 ° 11.8 11.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 0.2 °
Info Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 1.00 g 0.99 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 9 ft agl · 21 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 9 ft agl · 21 kt
Arrival Taxi 90.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 10 kn4 kn min to max 16 kn 13 4 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 11 knmax 13 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average pitch angle 11.9 °11.6 ° min to max 12.1 ° 11.6 11.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Taxi Lights
Info Parking Brake On 9 ft agl · 14 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 72 kt with 9.3° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF9.3° off11° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 41 kt 12.2° 0 s
Liftoff442 m 72 kt 9.3° 19.3 s
35 ft633 m · 5.3 s after liftoff 82 kt 11.2° 24.6 s
End of Climb 33,542 m · 969 ft 104 kt 6.4° 93 s

Takeoff from CYYZ 15L

Taxi lightsFail
Off
Takeoff roll100.00
601m18 %
Liftoff speed100.00
72kt
Runway alignment93.91
4.72m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.78
409fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 969 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 2,571 m of runway left; then climbing at 790 fpm on average to 969 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 72 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 3,365 m runway.

Rolled from 162 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 4.9 m at the widest, and lifted off 4.9 m right. Airborne 17 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS3 kn75 %widest 4.89 m RROLL 162 M INAirborne 604 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 604 m of 3,365 m · 18 %
Behind the start of the roll, 162 mTakeoff roll, 442 m Left ahead, 2,761 m

The approach to CYKF 26

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

On the glideslope from 4 nm to 1.9 nm, then low to 1.1 nm (up to 280 ft under), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND961735465278308268
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 0.9 nm, then 99 m right of it from 0.9 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR250 m L0250 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND6 m L5 m L9 m R3 m L12 m R48 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CYKF 26

Over the threshold

Threshold height77.47
65ft
Threshold speed97.42
70kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.14m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
318m
Centreline58.24
14.50m R
Speed100.00
64kt
Touchdown rate66.37
-370fpm
Impact100.00
1.22G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 10° left of the track, 5° of bank.

Wind 180° at 15 kt · 6 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 62 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 29 s, an average deceleration of 0.06 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 39 m30 kt · 659 mtouchdown686 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 65 ft, 15 ft above the 50 ft target. Touched down 318 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

65 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −369 fpm · 5.7° nose up · 65 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 65 ft, down at 318 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 480 fpm at 64 ft to 260 fpm at 43 ft, then back up to 370 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.7° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−369 fpm at touchdown5.7° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,124 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 14 m right of the centreline and drifted to 20 m left on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 318 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 318 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 369 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 941 m of 2,124 m · 44 %
In the air over the runway, 318 mRollout, 623 m Left over, 1,183 m
Rollout distance100.00
623m44 % used
Rollout alignment0.00
46.31m L

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