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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Add power at the gate to bring the speed up to 135 kt and hold it through the approach.
What happened: This flight was slow at the stabilisation gate, 127 kt against 135 kt, and still slow crossing the threshold at 114 kt against 135 kt. Carrying low speed into the flare like this usually leaves little energy to cushion the touchdown, and this one arrived firm at 243 fpm.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 135 kt at the gate
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 12 stages, 11 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 149 kt, on the 151 kt target, and lifted off at 157 kt 2.1 s later, the nose coming up at 5.1° a second. Climb 3 averaged 168 kt, 16 kt under its 184 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 884 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,857 m of runway left; gear up at 64 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 3,190 fpm on average to 884 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 3,171 m runway.
Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted right of the centreline, 2 m at the widest, and lifted off 1.1 m right. Airborne 33 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
At the 1,000 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 135 kt.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 1.7 to 1.1 nm, then not again: slow from 1.1 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
On the glideslope from 4 nm to 2.8 nm, then high to 2.2 nm (up to 350 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 6× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 67 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Slow from 4 nm to 1.7 nm (up to −18 kt), then inside the band to 1.1 nm, then slow to the threshold (up to −21 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Excellent landing flare. It lost 1.0 points, partly for taking only 1,153 fpm of the sink out.
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° left of the track, wings level.
Wind 289° at 5 kt · 4 kt head · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 39 ft, 66 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 20 ft, 30 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 150 m in, 155 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 1,460 fpm at the flare to 240 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.7° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,072 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 150 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The BBS752RR B752 taxied from the parking area to runway 23 at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport in 19 minutes, covering 4 nm.
Take-off was performed on runway 23 with a distance of 1,042 m, which is 33 % of the runway length. Rotation occurred at 149 kt. The local weather at departure was temperature 10 °C, wind 6 kt from 271°, giving a 4 kt headwind and a 4 kt crosswind.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 14 seconds, averaging 2,834 fpm and reaching 165 kt at the top of the segment.
The climb continued from 1,531 ft asl to 37,006 ft asl in 19 minutes, covering 143 nm, beginning about 1 mile west of CYYZ.
Level flight was held at 37,000 ft asl for 15 minutes, covering 136 nm, with the aircraft positioned overhead 0G7 Finger Lakes Rgnl Seneca Falls.
Descent from 37,010 ft asl to 1,509 ft asl took 24 minutes and covered 145 nm, starting about 1 mile east of Green Island.
Final approach to runway 33L at KBOS Logan International Airport began with a descent from 1,497 ft agl to 31 ft agl in 126 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, and wings level; the speed check was not met at one gate. Configuration changes were: landing gear down at 2,292 ft agl at 168 kt, final flap position 6 at 1,698 ft agl at 122 kt, and autopilot disconnected at 259 ft agl at 125 kt.
The aircraft landed on runway 33L, whose length is 3,072 m. The threshold height was good and the threshold speed was a little below target at 114 kt. The flare was described as excellent, with little round-out. Touchdown occurred 150 m down the runway at 113 kt, with a fair rate of -243 fpm and perfect alignment. No bounce was observed. Local weather at landing was temperature 10 °C, wind 5 kt from 289°, giving a 4 kt headwind and a 2 kt crosswind.
The total flight covered 433 nm in 70 minutes and used 4,628 kg of fuel.
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