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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Keep the approach speed on target
See Arrival Landing
Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.
Read more in VRef ExplainedStart to finish · 14 stages, 12 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 27 kt with 9.0° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 534 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,538 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,340 fpm on average to 534 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 1,439 m runway.
Rolled from the start of the runway, never more than 0.6 m off the centreline. Airborne 0 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 110 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 32 m right of the centreline at 0.9 nm.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to 0.7 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +30 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
wheel landing
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Calm: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 32 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 1 s, an average deceleration of 0.06 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,485 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 47 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 375 m in, 71 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,485 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 380 fpm at 45 ft to 140 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.7° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 1,485 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 10 m right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 10 m right at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
The 375 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight in question was operated by the Savage Norden, an aerial advertising aircraft. The taxiing process from the parking area to the runway took approximately 4 minutes and covered a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The aircraft then departed from runway 22 at Hawarden Airport (EGNR), with a takeoff distance of 65 meters, which accounted for 4% of the runway length. The liftoff speed was recorded at 28 knots.
As the aircraft climbed, it started its enroute climb overhead Broughton, a location in the County of Flintshire, Wales. The climb began at an altitude of 573 feet above sea level and reached a height of 1,811 feet above sea level, an increase of 1,238 feet in just 2 minutes, covering a distance of 3 nautical miles. The enroute level cruise then started overhead Dodleston, a location in Cheshire West and Chester, England, and lasted for 11 minutes, covering a distance of 92 nautical miles.
The final approach to runway 02 at Croydon Airport (EGCR) was initiated from the south, with a heading of 22.0 degrees at an altitude of 322 feet above ground level and 1 nautical mile from the runway. The landing on runway 02 was successful, with a touchdown distance of 373 meters, which was 27% of the runway length. The touchdown speed was recorded at 31 knots, and the touchdown rate was smooth at -140 feet per minute. However, the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned from the centreline by 10.2 meters.
The local weather conditions during the landing were characterized by a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius. The runway rollout alignment was also slightly misaligned from the centreline by 10.3 meters. The taxiing process from the runway to the parking area took less than 1 minute and covered a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The total flight distance was 96 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 20 minutes, with a fuel consumption of 21 kilograms.
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