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7A8
Spruce Pine, United States
Runway 35

Flight Score

86.89 %
NC06
Banner Elk, United States
Runway 30
4 Apr 2023 0:18 15 nm PA28 Turbo Arrow III 16 lbs
Departure Score
96.27 %
Enroute Score
97.54 %
Arrival Score
64.66 %

What went well

Straight touchdown — 3.7 ft off the centreline, no bounce
1.41 G at touchdown — inside band
Airborne in 1,170 ft — 39 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was excessively high at 121 kn. at 0 %, Landing and flare profile at 72 %, −5.50 points
Arrival Touchdown — Speed at touchdown 106 kn at 0 %, bank angle up to 2.9 ° at 6 %, −3.44 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 7.7 ° at 26 %, bank angle up to 12.2 ° at 73 %, −2.84 points

Top opportunity

Shorten the long landing

Arrival Touchdown

Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.

Read more in Bush Flying 101

Start to finish · 13 stages, 13 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 93.33Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 5 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
83 % Average speed 14 kn0 kn min to max 28 kn 0 13 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 8 knmax 11 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °-0.6 ° min to max 1.5 ° 1.2 1.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.4 0.4 °

Events

Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 26 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 27 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 27 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 27 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 25 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 25 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 25 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 25 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl
Departure Roll 98.40Departure roll runway 35 at 7A8 Avery Co. Takeoff distance 7,372 ft 247 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 75 kn. Local weather - Temperature 71 °F. Wind 7 kn at 171 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 6 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 7,372 ft247 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 75 knTarget 75 kn
92 % Runway alignment max 12.7 ft12.6 ft left to 0.1 ft right -0.1 0.6 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.03 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °0.3 ° min to max 2.0 ° 1.2 2.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.2 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 35 7A8 Avery Co.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° -0.0 0.6 °
100 % Average speed 84 kn75 kn min to max 90 kn 75 90 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.2 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g1.00 g min to max 1.15 g 1.03 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 683 ft/m523 ft/m min to max 804 ft/m 523 804 ft/m
Info Average altitude 23 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 55 ft agl 0 55 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.9 °2.3 ° min to max 5.9 ° 2.3 5.9 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 32 ft agl · 92 kt
Departure Climb 2 97.29Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 35 7A8 Avery Co.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.9 °0.7 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.7 1.5 °
100 % Average speed 95 kn90 kn min to max 108 kn 90 108 kn
89 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 6.1 ° 0.4 6.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.84 g min to max 1.10 g 1.04 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 1,115 ft/m811 ft/m min to max 1,856 ft/m 811 1,124 ft/m
Info Average altitude 115 ft agl57 ft agl min to max 381 ft agl 57 381 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.1 °4.4 ° min to max 9.7 ° 6.0 4.7 °
Departure Climb 3 92.34Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 35 7A8 Avery Co.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
74 % Heading variation 3.8 °1.8 ° min to max 5.6 ° 1.8 5.6 °
100 % Average speed 121 kn110 kn min to max 130 kn 110 130 kn
88 % Average bank angle 3.3 °0.0 ° min to max 6.6 ° 6.6 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.84 g min to max 1.17 g 1.06 1.13 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,614 ft/m1,151 ft/m min to max 2,390 ft/m 1,151 1,667 ft/m
Info Average altitude 706 ft agl400 ft agl min to max 977 ft agl 400 977 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.3 °3.5 ° min to max 8.6 ° 4.8 5.0 °
Enroute Climb 90.16Enroute climb started 1 mile north of 7A8 Avery Co Spruce Pine (North Carolina, United States). Climbing from 3,730 ft asl to 5,894 ft asl, an increase of 2,165 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
76 % Climb speed 128 kn122 kn min to max 138 knTarget 110 kn 127 125 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.2 °0.0 ° min to max 10.0 ° 0.8 2.1 °
99 % Average g force 1.00 g0.87 g min to max 1.26 g 1.07 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 1,302 ft/m18 ft/m min to max 2,365 ft/m 1,866 609 ft/m
Info Average altitude 4,806 ft asl3,730 ft asl min to max 5,894 ft asl 3,730 5,894 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °-0.8 ° min to max 8.6 ° 5.2 -0.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles south west of Newland (Avery County, North Carolina, United States) and lasted 1 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 5,984 ft asl5,973 ft asl min to max 6,031 ft asl 5,973 6,031 ft asl
100 % Average speed 141 kn140 kn min to max 141 kn 141 140 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.3 ° min to max 1.1 ° 1.1 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g1.01 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.0 0.6 °
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 2 miles south west of Newland (Avery County, North Carolina, United States). Climbing from 6,139 ft asl to 6,420 ft asl, an increase of 280 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 126 kn122 kn min to max 128 kn 126 122 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.4 ° min to max 3.5 ° 0.7 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.94 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 454 ft/m39 ft/m min to max 717 ft/m 717 690 ft/m
Info Average altitude 6,274 ft asl6,139 ft asl min to max 6,420 ft asl 6,139 6,420 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-2.2 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.1 0.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Newland (Avery County, North Carolina, United States) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 6,548 ft asl6,423 ft asl min to max 6,609 ft asl 6,458 6,483 ft asl
100 % Average speed 141 kn138 kn min to max 144 kn 138 142 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.1 °0.6 ° min to max 10.8 ° 3.3 3.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.06 g 0.98 1.06 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -2.7 °-4.6 ° min to max 0.1 ° -1.8 -3.8 °
Arrival 73.44Arrival started overhead Newland (Avery County, North Carolina, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 102 kn86 kn min to max 128 kn 128 113 kn
42 % Average bank angle 6.6 °0.0 ° min to max 42.4 ° 3.1 7.9 °
83 % Average g force 1.03 g0.75 g min to max 1.55 g 1.03 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -209 ft/m-2,108 ft/m min to max 2,432 ft/m -396 -736 ft/m
Info Average altitude 4,494 ft asl3,514 ft asl min to max 6,477 ft asl 6,477 4,164 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-12.4 ° min to max 9.8 ° -3.5 -2.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 2,268 ft agl · 133 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,683 ft agl · 118 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,045 ft agl · 111 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,108 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 885 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 66 ft agl · 107 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 645 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 365 ft agl · 113 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 321 ft agl · 117 kt
Arrival Final 1 74.43Approaching runway 30 at NC06 Elk River from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 685 ft agl to 121 ft agl. A decrease of 564 ft in 18 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
26 % Approach angle 7.7 °5.9 ° min to max 8.8 °Target 3.0 ° 7.5 5.9 °
100 % Average speed 115 kn110 kn min to max 120 kn 113 120 kn
76 % Heading variation 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.9 0.0 °
73 % Average bank angle 6.5 °2.3 ° min to max 12.2 ° 6.2 8.9 °
94 % Average g force 0.95 g0.65 g min to max 1.15 g 0.95 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -1,781 ft/m-2,904 ft/m min to max -530 ft/m -670 -1,955 ft/m
Info Average altitude 446 ft agl121 ft agl min to max 685 ft agl 685 121 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -9.4 °-13.8 ° min to max -3.0 ° -3.0 -10.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 431 ft agl · 121 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 256 ft agl · 120 kt
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500550600650Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-200-150-100-50050100150200Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 50.50Landing on runway 30 at NC06 Elk River, runway length 4,550 ft. Threshold height at 84 ft agl was significantly above target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 121 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 121 kn. Target 75 kn
36 % Target 50 ft agl
72 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.0 -0.0 °
89 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 6.2 ° 6.0 0.7 °
93 % Average g force 1.10 g0.95 g min to max 1.37 g 1.12 0.99 g
Info Average speed 115 kn106 kn min to max 121 kn 121 106 kn
Info Average VSI -825 ft/m-1,931 ft/m min to max -164 ft/m -1,931 -202 ft/m
Info Average altitude 24 ft agl2 ft agl min to max 84 ft agl 84 2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.8 °-8.9 ° min to max -1.7 ° -8.9 -2.5 °
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,75001734506784Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,750-50-40-30-20-1001020304050Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 69.06Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 106 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -203 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 66 °F. Wind 12 kn at 176 °. Crosswind: 10 kn Tailwind: 7 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
84 % Touchdown VSI was -203 ft/m.
91 % Touchdown distance was 1,771 ftTarget 1,500 ft
0 % Speed at touchdown 106 knTarget 67 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 6.3 ft0.2 ft right -2.4 3.7 ft
6 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.1 ° min to max 2.9 ° 0.6 2.8 °
91 % Average g force 1.01 g0.83 g min to max 1.41 g 1.04 0.99 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 102 kn99 kn min to max 106 kn 106 99 kn
Info Average pitch angle -1.8 °-2.8 ° min to max -0.5 ° -2.4 -2.1 °

Takeoff

98.40 %
100.00Takeoff roll1,170 ft · 39 %
100.00Liftoff speed74 kt
92.00Runway alignment0.6 ft L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
100.00Rate of climb682 ft/m
Takeoff weight2,058 lbs
Airfield elevation2,720 ft asl
Wind172° · 7 kn · 1 kn cross

Approach

74.43 %
Not assessed1,000 ft gateNot recorded
Not assessed500 ft gateNot recorded
35.76Threshold height83 ft
0.00Threshold speed120 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.1 ft R

Touchdown

69.06 %
88.49Touchdown point1,845 ft
100.00Centreline at touchdown3.7 ft L
83.88Sink rate-203 ft/m
90.86Touchdown force1.41 G
OkBouncesNone
Landing weight2,043 lbs
Airfield elevation3,468 ft asl

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Six checks, two gates1,000 ft500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on NC06 30

Past threshold
1,845 ft
Off centreline
3.7 ftL
Sink rate
-203 ft/m
Impact
1.41G

Side view — the last 4,550 ft of the approach.

83 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 83 ft, down at 1,845 ft

Plan view — the full 4,550 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

1,0002,0003,0004,000 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 1,845 ft past threshold CLEARED

Touched down 1,845 ft past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,845 ft of 4,550 ft · 41 %

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 35 at 7A8 Avery Co in the Turbo Arrow III
96.27 %
93.33 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 5 minutes and covered 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
83.33 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
2 1 0
98.4 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 35 at 7A8 Avery Co. Takeoff distance 7,372 ft 247 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 75 kn. Local weather - Temperature 71 °F. Wind 7 kn at 171 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 6 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 7,372 ft using 246.8 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 75 kn - Target 75 kn
Alignment
92 %
12.6 ft left to 0.1 ft right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
80 45 10
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 1.5 0
01,0002,000-40-30-20-10010203040 Runway Distance ft Runway Alignment to End of Runway ft
100 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 35 7A8 Avery Co.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 85 70
Bank °
100 %
1 0.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
6 4 2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
900 450 0
97.29 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 35 7A8 Avery Co.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
110 100 90
Bank °
89.16 %
7 3.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
10 7 4
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,900 1,300 700
92.34 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 35 7A8 Avery Co.
Alignment
73.83 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
130 115 100
Bank °
87.84 %
7 3.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 6 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
2,400 1,700 1,000
01,0002,0000316293124155 Runway Distance ft Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50.7511.250100200300400500600700800900 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.50.7511.25-200-160-120-80-4004080120160200 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment in (ft) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 30 at NC06 Elk River in the Turbo Arrow III
Landing Score 64.66 %
74.43 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 30 at NC06 Elk River from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 685 ft agl to 121 ft agl. A decrease of 564 ft in 18 seconds.
Glideslope
26.07 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
75.71 %
Good heading alignment
Glideslope °
26.07 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
120 110 100
Alignment
75.71 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
73.21 %
13 7.5 2
G
94.29 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-530 -1,765 -3,000
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500550600650 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-200-150-100-50050100150200 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
50.5 %
Landing
Landing on runway 30 at NC06 Elk River, runway length 4,550 ft. Threshold height at 84 ft agl was significantly above target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 121 kn.
Height
35.76 %
Threshold height at 84 ft agl was significantly above target. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
0 %
Threshold speed was excessively high at 121 kt. Target 75 kt
Flare
72.04 %
Good landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
88.97 %
7 3.5 0
G
93.14 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
121 111 100
Pitch °
Info
0 -4 -8
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-165 -1,082 -2,000
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,75001734506784 Runway Distance ft Landing Height ft
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,750-50-40-30-20-1001020304050 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
69.06 %
Touchdown
Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 106 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -203 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 66 °F. Wind 12 kn at 176 °. Crosswind: 10 kn Tailwind: 7 kn.
Warning: Landed with a 7 kt tailwind
Touchdown
83.88 %
Touchdown rate was fair at -204 ft/m.
Speed
0 %
Touchdown speed at 106 kt was excessively fast. Target below 67 kn
Distance
90.97 %
Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway.
Alignment
100 %
Runway touchdown alignment was perfect.
Bank
5.5 %
Bank angle 1.4 °
G
90.86 %
G 1.01 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Metrics
Metrics

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