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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Make small rudder corrections against a point at the far end to hold the centreline.
What happened: During the ground roll you drifted 18 m off the runway centreline.
Watch for: Watch runway alignment against the centreline, correcting with small rudder inputs.
See Departure Roll
Arrival
Apply small rudder corrections at touchdown, aiming at a point at the far end of the runway, to stay on the centreline.
What happened: Touchdown drifted 8.4 m off the centreline, and landings like this usually carry that drift into the rollout, where the alignment error grew to 10 m.
Watch for: Runway centreline: aircraft tracking directly over it through touchdown and rollout.
A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 12 stages, 10 in the score
Events
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Events
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 141 kt, on the 142 kt target, and lifted off at 154 kt 2.1 s later, the nose coming up at 4.0° a second. Climb 3 averaged 174 kt, 24 kt under its 198 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 915 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 2,629 m of runway left; gear up at 64 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 3,300 fpm on average to 915 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 3,671 m runway.
Rolled from 43 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 17 m at the widest, and lifted off 17 m left. Airborne 20 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
At the 500 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 1.3 to 0.2 nm, then not again: left of the centreline from 0.2 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 110 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Outside the 1° band 3 times; furthest 280 m left at 4.0 nm.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 35 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −1 kt and +21 kt on the approach speed of 138 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Perfect landing flare
4 kt across from the left, which takes about 2° of crab to hold the centreline at 136 kt. Touched down with the nose 10° into wind, wings level.
Wind 230° at 13 kt · 12 kt head · 4 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 124 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 11 s, an average deceleration of 0.43 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 42 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 18 ft. Touched down 449 m in, 144 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 490 fpm at the flare to 150 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.1° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,671 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 8.4 m right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 9.5 m left at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 449 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Boeing 777F departed from runway 23L at NZAA Auckland International Airport. Take-off was performed on a 762 m (21 % of runway) roll, with rotation at 141 kt. The local weather at departure was 20 °C, wind 13 kt from 230°, giving a 5 kt crosswind component and a 12 kt headwind component.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 15 seconds, averaging 2,669 fpm and reaching 170 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then leveled between 1,100 ft asl and 1,500 ft asl for about 5 minutes, covering 16 nm while remaining overhead Auckland.
Descent for the final approach began from 1,426 ft agl and continued to 70 ft agl in 105 seconds. Stabilisation checks were performed at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. The checks were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, speed and wings level; the centreline check was not met at one gate.
The aircraft landed on runway 23L at NZAA. The runway length is 3,671 m. Threshold conditions were good; the threshold speed was slightly above target at 144 kt. The flare was described as a perfect landing flare. Touchdown occurred 449 m down the runway at 136 kt with a smooth rate of -146 fpm. The touchdown point was misaligned by 8.4 m from the centreline, and there was no bounce. Total landing distance was 881 m (24 % of runway). The rollout alignment was slightly off, being 10.4 m from the centreline.
At the time of landing the local weather was 18 °C with wind 13 kt from 230°, giving a 5 kt crosswind component and a 12 kt headwind component. The entire flight covered 22 nm in 8 minutes and consumed 25,291 kg of fuel.
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