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CYKF
Kitchener, Canada
Runway 26

Flight Score

77.66 %
CYKF
Kitchener, Canada
Runway 14
11 Apr 2024 0:08 10 nm Cessna Skyhawk 5 kg
Departure Score
91.15 %
Enroute Score
81.14 %
Arrival Score
56.53 %

What went well

Touchdown 204 m in — inside the full-score zone
Airborne in 585 m — 28 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Touchdown — Speed at touchdown 87 kn at 0 %, Touchdown VSI was -851 ft/m. at 16 %, −5.92 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 4.4 ° at 0 %, bank angle up to 32.3 ° at 21 %, −5.52 points
Enroute Climb — bounce on liftoff; g force 0.52 to 2.53 g at 27 %, bank angle up to 63.9 ° at 52 %, −4.41 points

Top opportunity

Shorten the long landing

Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 10 stages, 10 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 0 kn0 kn min to max 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
0 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Departure Roll 88.65Departure roll runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 60 knTarget 62 kn
43 % Runway alignment max 24.38 m18.62 m left to 5.76 m right -1.04 -5.76 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.10 g 0.99 1.10 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °0.3 ° min to max 4.1 ° 0.3 4.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.2 1.5 °
Departure Climb 1 93.84Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Heading variation 0.8 °0.6 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.6 1.2 °
100 % Average speed 61 kn58 kn min to max 62 kn 60 58 kn
83 % Average bank angle 7.1 °1.9 ° min to max 8.4 ° 1.9 8.1 °
87 % Average g force 1.34 g1.13 g min to max 1.48 g 1.13 1.35 g
Info Average VSI 855 ft/m423 ft/m min to max 1,285 ft/m 423 1,285 ft/m
Info Average altitude 14 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 43 ft agl 0 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 13.2 °4.5 ° min to max 22.8 ° 4.5 22.8 °
Departure Climb 2 92.13Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Heading variation 1.6 °1.3 ° min to max 2.2 ° 1.3 2.2 °
100 % Average speed 54 kn44 kn min to max 58 kn 58 44 kn
73 % Average bank angle 10.0 °8.2 ° min to max 12.1 ° 8.2 12.1 °
95 % Average g force 1.30 g1.09 g min to max 1.34 g 1.34 1.09 g
Info Average VSI 1,745 ft/m1,323 ft/m min to max 2,358 ft/m 1,323 2,358 ft/m
Info Average altitude 71 ft agl45 ft agl min to max 130 ft agl 45 130 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 28.2 °23.1 ° min to max 36.1 ° 23.1 36.1 °
Enroute Climb 73.54Enroute climb started overhead CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo Kitchener (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,216 ft asl to 3,686 ft asl, an increase of 2,471 ft in 5 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 83 kn30 kn min to max 113 kn 37 68 kn
52 % Average bank angle 7.9 °0.0 ° min to max 63.9 ° 12.3 41.0 °
27 % Average g force 1.07 g0.52 g min to max 2.53 g 0.77 1.35 g
Info Average VSI 579 ft/m-2,537 ft/m min to max 3,199 ft/m 2,414 3,199 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,282 ft asl1,216 ft asl min to max 3,686 ft asl 1,216 3,686 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.6 °-13.8 ° min to max 31.8 ° 31.8 30.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 207 ft agl · 55 kt
Enroute Descent 88.74Enroute descent started 3 miles north east of Waterloo (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 3,743 ft asl to 2,941 ft asl, a decrease of 802 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 99 kn57 kn min to max 139 kn 62 139 kn
78 % Average bank angle 15.6 °0.3 ° min to max 51.1 ° 51.1 2.5 °
76 % Average g force 1.07 g0.53 g min to max 1.67 g 0.90 1.18 g
Info Average VSI -409 ft/m-2,429 ft/m min to max 3,300 ft/m 3,300 -2,348 ft/m
Info Average altitude 3,491 ft asl2,941 ft asl min to max 3,809 ft asl 3,743 2,941 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.2 °-10.4 ° min to max 25.3 ° 25.3 -9.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 73.19Arrival started 3 miles north east of Waterloo (Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 136 kn116 kn min to max 144 kn 140 116 kn
44 % Average bank angle 13.4 °0.1 ° min to max 42.1 ° 6.7 25.4 °
78 % Average g force 1.04 g0.37 g min to max 1.63 g 1.25 1.10 g
Info Average VSI -1,877 ft/m-3,682 ft/m min to max -706 ft/m -1,678 -798 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,185 ft asl1,555 ft asl min to max 2,883 ft asl 2,883 1,555 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -8.2 °-15.8 ° min to max -2.6 ° -5.3 -2.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 1 50.36Approaching runway 14 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 512 ft agl to 56 ft agl. A decrease of 456 ft in 27 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Approach angle 4.4 °3.4 ° min to max 5.5 °Target 3.0 ° 4.9 3.4 °
100 % Average speed 98 kn92 kn min to max 115 kn 115 92 kn
32 % Heading variation 1.6 °1.2 ° min to max 2.2 ° 1.8 1.2 °
21 % Average bank angle 3.3 °0.0 ° min to max 32.3 ° 32.3 3.1 °
98 % Average g force 1.04 g0.71 g min to max 1.29 g 0.71 1.19 g
Info Average VSI -1,150 ft/m-1,381 ft/m min to max -415 ft/m -825 -1,248 ft/m
Info Average altitude 194 ft agl56 ft agl min to max 512 ft agl 512 56 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -5.6 °-7.7 ° min to max -1.4 ° -6.6 -4.4 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-90-68-45-23023456890Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 72.46Landing on runway 14 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, runway length 1,242 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 92 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
10 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 92 kn. Target 63 kn
100 % Target 50 ft agl
93 % Landing and flare profile
72 % Heading variation 1.1 °0.9 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.2 0.9 °
98 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.1 ° min to max 3.0 ° 3.0 1.7 °
95 % Average g force 1.04 g0.89 g min to max 1.33 g 1.18 1.30 g
Info Average speed 89 kn87 kn min to max 92 kn 92 87 kn
Info Average VSI -876 ft/m-1,233 ft/m min to max -714 ft/m -1,233 -851 ft/m
Info Average altitude 26 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 52 ft agl 52 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.5 °-5.3 ° min to max -1.3 ° -4.3 -1.8 °
07515022501223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 46.76Touchdown distance was good at 201 m. Touchdown speed at 87 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -851 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was significantly misaligned by 16.8 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
16 % Touchdown VSI was -851 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 201 mTarget 457 m
0 % Speed at touchdown 87 knTarget 53 kn
50 % Runway alignment max 16.81 m13.19 m left 16.81 9.73 m
61 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 5.2 ° 1.7 2.3 °
46 % Average g force 1.09 g0.64 g min to max 2.19 g 1.30 1.21 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 81 kn71 kn min to max 87 kn 87 71 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-3.9 ° min to max 5.0 ° -1.8 -1.0 °

Takeoff

88.65 %
100.00Takeoff roll585 m · 28 %
100.00Liftoff speed59 kt
43.23Runway alignment5.76 m R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
93.84Rate of climb855 ft/m
Takeoff weight997 kg
Airfield elevation1,030 ft asl
Wind270° · 1 kn · 0 kn cross

Approach

50.36 %
Not assessed1,000 ft gateNot recorded
Not assessed500 ft gateNot recorded
100.00Threshold height51 ft
9.85Threshold speed92 kt
72.40Centreline offset0.36 m L

Touchdown

46.76 %
100.00Touchdown point204 m
49.83Centreline at touchdown9.73 m L
15.65Sink rate-851 ft/m
46.29Touchdown force2.19 G
FailBounces1
Landing weight992 kg
Airfield elevation1,030 ft asl
Wind270° · 1 kn

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Six checks, two gates1,000 ft500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on CYKF 14

Past threshold
204 m
Off centreline
9.73 mL
Sink rate
-851 ft/m
Impact
2.19G

Side view — the last 1,242 m of the approach.

51 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 51 ft, down at 204 m

Plan view — the full 1,242 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,000 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 204 m past threshold CLEARED

The 204 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 2.19 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 204 m of 1,242 m · 16 %

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo in the Cessna Skyhawk
91.15 %
90 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
0 %
Switched Off
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
1 0.5 0
88.65 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 0 m using 0 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 60 kn - Target 62 kn
Alignment
43.23 %
18.62 m left to 5.76 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
60 30 0
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
5 2.5 0
0250500-20-15-10-505101520 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
93.84 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
Alignment
97.44 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
70 60 50
Bank °
83.18 %
9 5 1
G
86.86 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
23 14 4
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,300 600 -100
92.13 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
Alignment
97.12 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
60 50 40
Bank °
73.45 %
13 11 8
G
94.86 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
37 30 23
Climb Rate fpm
Info
2,400 1,800 1,200
025050001836547290 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
000.010.010.020.020100 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
000.010.010.020.02-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 14 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo in the Cessna Skyhawk
Landing Score 56.53 %
50.36 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 14 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 512 ft agl to 56 ft agl. A decrease of 456 ft in 27 seconds.
Glideslope
0 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
32 %
Poor heading alignment
Glideslope °
0 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
115 102 90
Alignment
32 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
20.95 %
33 17 0
G
97.71 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-415 -907 -1,400
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-90-68-45-23023456890 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
72.46 %
Landing
Landing on runway 14 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, runway length 1,242 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 92 kn.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
9.85 %
Threshold speed was excessively high at 92 kt. Target 63 kt
Flare
92.96 %
Great landing flare
Centreline ft
72.4 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
97.5 %
4 2 0
G
95.43 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
92 86 80
Pitch °
Info
0 -2.5 -5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-714 -1,007 -1,300
07515022501223354658 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
46.76 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 201 m. Touchdown speed at 87 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -851 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was significantly misaligned by 16.8 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
Touchdown
15.65 %
Touchdown rate was very heavy at -851 ft/m.
Speed
0 %
Touchdown speed at 87 kt was excessively fast. Target below 53 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 201 m.
Alignment
49.83 %
Runway touchdown position was significantly misaligned by 16.8 m from centreline.
Bank
61.1 %
Bank angle 1.8 °
G
46.29 %
G 1.09 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Metrics
Metrics

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