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CYKF
Kitchener, Canada
Runway 26

Flight Score

81.56 %
CYKF
Kitchener, Canada
Runway 08
15 Apr 2024 0:07 11 nm Cessna Skyhawk 5 kg
Departure Score
78.11 %
Enroute Score
99.93 %
Arrival Score
58.28 %

What went well

Touchdown 84 m in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout controlled — 7 % of the runway used

What held you back

Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 60.82 m at 0 %, −3.75 points
Departure Taxi — taxi light off should be on; Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on at 0 %, peak taxi speed 38 kt at 15 %, −3.68 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 1.5 ° at 0 %, Heading variation 0.2 ° at 0 %, −3.67 points
Arrival Touchdown — Runway alignment max 55.93 m at 0 %, Touchdown VSI was -572 ft/m. at 45 %, −3.46 points

Top opportunity

Shorten the long landing

Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 14 stages, 13 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 55.87Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
15 % Average speed 35 kn31 kn min to max 38 kn 31 38 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
0 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °0.4 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.4 °

Events

Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Departure Climb 1 96.52Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Heading variation -1.0 °-1.4 ° min to max -0.7 ° -1.4 -1.0 °
100 % Average speed 59 kn27 kn min to max 80 kn 27 79 kn
93 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 4.6 ° 0.4 4.6 °
93 % Average g force 1.04 g0.98 g min to max 1.37 g 1.00 1.15 g
Info Average VSI 775 ft/m427 ft/m min to max 1,102 ft/m 427 1,102 ft/m
Info Average altitude 5 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 42 ft agl 7 42 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °0.3 ° min to max 11.2 ° 0.5 11.0 °
Departure Climb 2 81.17Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
38 % Heading variation -2.6 °-7.0 ° min to max -1.1 ° -1.1 -7.0 °
100 % Average speed 75 kn56 kn min to max 88 kn 79 88 kn
89 % Average bank angle 4.0 °0.0 ° min to max 6.1 ° 4.7 1.9 °
93 % Average g force 0.97 g0.63 g min to max 1.24 g 1.13 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 978 ft/m-67 ft/m min to max 2,181 ft/m 1,124 298 ft/m
Info Average altitude 164 ft agl43 ft agl min to max 381 ft agl 43 381 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.0 °0.8 ° min to max 20.2 ° 10.8 2.5 °
Departure Climb 3 78.88Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
1 % Heading variation -9.1 °-10.0 ° min to max -7.3 ° -7.3 -10.0 °
100 % Average speed 90 kn88 kn min to max 93 kn 88 92 kn
94 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.1 ° min to max 4.4 ° 1.3 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 1.00 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 672 ft/m386 ft/m min to max 920 ft/m 386 673 ft/m
Info Average altitude 683 ft agl388 ft agl min to max 966 ft agl 388 966 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °3.0 ° min to max 5.6 ° 3.0 3.9 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile south west of CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo Kitchener (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 2,035 ft asl to 3,419 ft asl, an increase of 1,384 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 91 kn88 kn min to max 94 kn 91 93 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 5.1 ° 0.7 3.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.05 g 1.01 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 683 ft/m416 ft/m min to max 1,059 ft/m 731 665 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,555 ft asl2,035 ft asl min to max 3,419 ft asl 2,035 3,419 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.8 °2.1 ° min to max 5.6 ° 4.0 2.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south east of Kitchener (Ontario, Canada) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 3,736 ft asl3,653 ft asl min to max 3,766 ft asl 3,653 3,756 ft asl
100 % Average speed 96 kn87 kn min to max 106 kn 91 106 kn
100 % Average bank angle 18.5 °8.1 ° min to max 27.8 ° 8.1 25.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.87 g min to max 1.16 g 1.03 1.14 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-1.9 ° min to max 5.2 ° 4.8 -0.5 °
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile south east of Kitchener (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 3,758 ft asl to 4,126 ft asl, an increase of 368 ft in 1 minutes and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 99 kn86 kn min to max 110 kn 107 92 kn
100 % Average bank angle 20.0 °0.6 ° min to max 28.5 ° 25.7 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g0.91 g min to max 1.21 g 1.17 0.92 g
Info Average VSI 569 ft/m-163 ft/m min to max 1,137 ft/m 94 -163 ft/m
Info Average altitude 3,908 ft asl3,758 ft asl min to max 4,133 ft asl 3,758 4,126 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °-1.5 ° min to max 6.8 ° 0.0 -1.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 99.71Enroute descent started 1 mile east of Kitchener (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 4,021 ft asl to 2,859 ft asl, a decrease of 1,162 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 124 kn109 kn min to max 132 kn 109 131 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.1 °0.1 ° min to max 8.6 ° 0.7 0.1 °
97 % Average g force 1.01 g0.70 g min to max 1.22 g 1.00 1.06 g
Info Average VSI -1,366 ft/m-2,149 ft/m min to max -568 ft/m -855 -1,689 ft/m
Info Average altitude 3,411 ft asl2,859 ft asl min to max 4,021 ft asl 4,021 2,859 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -7.3 °-10.8 ° min to max -3.8 ° -6.6 -9.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 100.00Arrival started 1 mile east of Kitchener (Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 111 kn98 kn min to max 133 kn 133 98 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.1 °0.0 ° min to max 12.3 ° 0.2 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.82 g min to max 1.19 g 0.88 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -1,333 ft/m-2,128 ft/m min to max -872 ft/m -1,780 -1,088 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,983 ft asl1,324 ft asl min to max 2,828 ft asl 2,828 1,324 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -6.6 °-9.4 ° min to max -4.6 ° -9.1 -6.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 1 55.97Approaching runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 275 ft agl to 18 ft agl. A decrease of 257 ft in 30 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Approach angle 1.5 °0.9 ° min to max 2.7 °Target 3.0 ° 2.7 1.2 °
100 % Average speed 79 kn69 kn min to max 98 kn 98 69 kn
0 % Heading variation 0.2 °-1.3 ° min to max 3.7 ° 3.7 -1.3 °
84 % Average bank angle 3.8 °0.1 ° min to max 8.8 ° 0.1 8.8 °
91 % Average g force 1.05 g0.73 g min to max 1.41 g 1.01 0.83 g
Info Average VSI -361 ft/m-1,110 ft/m min to max 108 ft/m -1,110 -110 ft/m
Info Average altitude 57 ft agl17 ft agl min to max 275 ft agl 275 18 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-5.8 ° min to max 4.6 ° -5.8 0.0 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-360-270-180-90090180270360Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 63.69Landing on runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, runway length 2,124 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 69 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 69 kn. Target 63 kn
34 % Target 50 ft agl
46 % Landing and flare profile
63 % Heading variation -1.4 °-1.4 ° min to max -1.3 ° -1.3 -1.4 °
79 % Average bank angle 8.1 °5.0 ° min to max 10.0 ° 9.2 5.0 °
89 % Average g force 0.87 g0.69 g min to max 1.45 g 0.84 1.45 g
Info Average speed 68 kn67 kn min to max 69 kn 69 67 kn
Info Average VSI -359 ft/m-581 ft/m min to max -122 ft/m -122 -572 ft/m
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl-2 ft agl min to max 15 ft agl 15 -2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.6 °-4.5 ° min to max 5.4 ° -0.2 5.4 °
0152944587301123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft01529445873-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 58.47Touchdown distance was good at 61 m. Touchdown speed at 67 kn was too fast. Touchdown rate was very hard at -572 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was excessively misaligned by 55.9 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
45 % Touchdown VSI was -572 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 61 mTarget 457 m
55 % Speed at touchdown 67 knTarget 53 kn
0 % Runway alignment max 55.93 m53.58 m right -51.50 -55.93 m
63 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 5.0 ° 5.0 0.6 °
60 % Average g force 1.05 g0.53 g min to max 1.95 g 1.45 1.13 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 59 kn46 kn min to max 67 kn 67 46 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °-4.7 ° min to max 10.4 ° 5.4 1.8 °
Arrival Rollout 55.00Total landing distance 337 m, 16 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was excessively misaligned by 60.8 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 337 m16 % of runway.
0 % Runway alignment max 60.82 m0.00 m left to 60.82 m right -56.02 -60.82 m
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 1.00 g
Info Average speed 48 kn32 kn min to max 55 kn 55 32 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-0.2 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.4 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.2 °

Events

Info Bounce during touchdown 3 ft agl · 40 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 14 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 26 kn26 kn min to max 26 kn 26 26 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Engine 1 Stopped 3 ft agl · 25 kt

Takeoff

0.00 %
96.52Rate of climb775 ft/m
Airfield elevation0 ft asl

Approach

55.97 %
Not assessed1,000 ft gateNot recorded
Not assessed500 ft gateNot recorded
33.98Threshold height15 ft
100.00Threshold speed68 kt
62.80Centreline offset0.44 m R

Touchdown

58.47 %
100.00Touchdown point84 m
0.00Centreline at touchdown55.93 m R
45.08Sink rate-571 ft/m
60.00Touchdown force1.95 G
FailBounces1
55.00Rollout distance87 m · 7 % used
Landing weight992 kg
Airfield elevation1,030 ft asl
Wind270° · 1 kn

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Six checks, two gates1,000 ft500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on CYKF 08

Past threshold
84 m
Off centreline
55.93 mR
Sink rate
-571 ft/m
Impact
1.95G

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

15 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 15 ft, down at 84 m

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,124 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 84 m past threshold CLEARED

The 84 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.95 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 171 m of 2,124 m · 8 %

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo in the Cessna Skyhawk
78.11 %
55.87 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
0 %
Switched Off
Ground Speed kt
14.67 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
1 0.5 0
96.52 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
Alignment
95.78 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 55 20
Bank °
93.05 %
5 2.5 0
G
93.14 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
12 6 0
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,200 550 -100
81.17 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
Alignment
38.12 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 70 50
Bank °
89.32 %
7 3.5 0
G
93.14 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
21 11 0
Climb Rate fpm
Info
2,200 1,050 -100
78.88 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
Alignment
0.83 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 90 80
Bank °
93.55 %
5 2.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
6 4.5 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,000 600 200
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,000075150225300375 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50100200300400500600700800900 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.5-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo in the Cessna Skyhawk
Landing Score 58.28 %
55.97 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 275 ft agl to 18 ft agl. A decrease of 257 ft in 30 seconds.
Glideslope
0 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
0 %
Poor heading alignment
Glideslope °
0 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
98 79 60
Alignment
0 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
84.41 %
9 4.5 0
G
90.86 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
108 -546 -1,200
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-360-270-180-90090180270360 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
63.69 %
Landing
Landing on runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, runway length 2,124 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 69 kn.
Height
33.98 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was slightly above target at 69 kt. Target 63 kt
Flare
46.3 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
62.8 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
79.09 %
10 7.5 5
G
88.57 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
69 64 60
Pitch °
Info
5 0.5 -4
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-122 -361 -600
0152944587301123344657 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
01529445873-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
58.47 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 61 m. Touchdown speed at 67 kn was too fast. Touchdown rate was very hard at -572 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was excessively misaligned by 55.9 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
Touchdown
45.08 %
Touchdown rate was very hard at -572 ft/m.
Speed
55.14 %
Touchdown speed at 67 kt was too fast. Target below 53 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 61 m.
Alignment
0 %
Runway touchdown position was excessively misaligned by 55.9 m from centreline.
Bank
63.46 %
Bank angle 1.2 °
G
60 %
G 1.05 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
55 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 337 m, 16 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was excessively misaligned by 60.8 m from centreline.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 337 m using 15.87 % of runway
Alignment
0 %
Runway rollout alignment was excessively misaligned by 60.8 m from centreline.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
46 33 20
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
2 1 0
0200 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
Metrics
Metrics

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