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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Maintain the centreline
See Departure Roll
A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 18 stages, 16 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 68 kt with 4.4° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 270 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 650 m of runway left; then climbing at 600 fpm on average to 270 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 1,234 m runway.
Rolled from 94 m in, drifted 6.2 m left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 29 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 3.3 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 400 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 3.3 nm, never more than 145 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −5 kt and +28 kt on the approach speed of 60 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° right of the track, wings level.
Wind 270° at 2 kt · 0 kt tail · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 56 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 8 s, an average deceleration of 0.21 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 573 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 2 ft, 48 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 15 m in, 290 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 573 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink grew from 180 fpm at 1 ft to 260 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 573 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 5.8 m right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 5.9 m right at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 15 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.21 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a short taxiing period from the parking area to the runway, taking approximately 1 minute and covering less than 1 nautical mile. The aircraft, a Cessna C182, then departed from runway 04 at KCDW Essex County Airport, with a takeoff distance of 283 meters, which accounted for 23% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 68 knots.
The local weather conditions at the time of departure were characterized by a temperature of 15°C and a wind speed of 2 knots from a direction of 270°. This resulted in a crosswind of 2 knots and a tailwind of 1 knot. The aircraft climbed out of KCDW Essex County Airport, reaching an altitude of 1,912 feet above sea level after ascending 1,454 feet in 3 minutes and covering a distance of 7 nautical miles.
The enroute climb continued, with the aircraft reaching a cruising altitude of 1,585 feet above sea level after climbing from 950 feet above sea level in 2 minutes and covering a distance of 3 nautical miles. The aircraft then entered a level cruise, lasting 29 minutes and covering a distance of 60 nautical miles, before beginning its descent towards N30 Cherry Ridge Airport.
The final approach to runway 18 at N30 Cherry Ridge Airport was made from the north, with the aircraft heading 164.0° at an altitude of 635 feet above ground level and a distance of 3 nautical miles from the runway. The landing was successful, with a touchdown speed of 55 knots and a touchdown distance of 12 meters. The runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned, being 5.8 meters off the centerline.
The local weather conditions at the time of landing were similar to those at the time of departure, with a temperature of 15°C and a wind speed of 2 knots from a direction of 270°. This resulted in a crosswind of 2 knots and a headwind of 0 knots. The total landing distance was 159 meters, accounting for 28% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was very good, and the aircraft was taxied to the parking area in approximately 1 minute, covering less than 1 nautical mile.
The total flight distance was 83 nautical miles, taking approximately 46 minutes, and the aircraft used 25 kilograms of fuel during the flight.
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