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CYNO
Norfolk County, Canada
Runway 09
Elevation784 ft asl
Weight1,867 lbs
Fuel112 lbs
Wind8° · 1 kn

Flight Score

94.37 %
CYTB
Tillsonburg, Canada
Runway 26
Elevation879 ft asl
Weight1,863 lbs
Fuel108 lbs
Wind9° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross
12 Oct 2024 0:06 7 nm Cessna 172SP 4 lbs
Departure Score
87.20 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
95.92 %

What went well

Touched down at -109 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 535 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 11 ft and 67 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, Runway alignment max 76.2 ft at 26 %, −2.19 points
Departure Climb 2 — bounce on liftoff; bank angle up to 18.3 ° at 57 %, Heading variation -1.6 ° at 88 %, −1.54 points
Arrival Touchdown — Speed at touchdown 59 kn at 39 %, Landing Bounce at 80 %, −1.26 points

Next time

Maintain the centreline

See Departure Roll

A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 12 stages, 9 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 09 at CYNO Courtland \/ Tillsonburg Flying Club Field, Average speed was 12 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 22 kn0 kn min to max 40 kn 0 40 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °-0.4 ° min to max 6.4 ° 1.5 2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.8 °0.1 ° min to max 6.1 ° 0.2 0.3 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.90 g min to max 1.11 g 0.99 0.92 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 4 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 4 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 4 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Departure Roll 80.28Departure roll runway 09 at CYNO Courtland \/ Tillsonburg Flying Club Field. Takeoff distance 703 ft 25 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 57 kn. Local weather - Temperature 60 °F. Wind 1 kn at 7 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 703 ft25 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 57 knTarget 55 kn
26 % Runway alignment max 76.2 ft76.2 ft left to 0.0 ft left 76.2 45.9 ft
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.94 g min to max 1.10 g 0.97 1.03 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °2.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 2.0 4.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.0 ° 0.1 2.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Departure Climb 1 95.15Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 09 CYNO Courtland \/ Tillsonburg Flying Club Field.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
81 % Heading variation -1.8 °-2.7 ° min to max -1.5 ° -2.7 -1.5 °
100 % Average speed 65 kn58 kn min to max 71 kn 58 71 kn
99 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 2.3 ° 2.0 1.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.98 g min to max 1.08 g 1.03 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 433 ft/m271 ft/m min to max 537 ft/m 271 537 ft/m
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 47 ft agl 0 47 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °4.8 ° min to max 7.0 ° 4.8 6.3 °
Departure Climb 2 86.18Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 09 CYNO Courtland \/ Tillsonburg Flying Club Field.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
88 % Heading variation -1.6 °-3.0 ° min to max -1.5 ° -1.5 -3.0 °
100 % Average speed 73 kn71 kn min to max 76 kn 71 76 kn
57 % Average bank angle 4.3 °1.9 ° min to max 18.3 ° 1.9 18.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.04 g 0.99 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 633 ft/m538 ft/m min to max 906 ft/m 538 906 ft/m
Info Average altitude 70 ft agl47 ft agl min to max 135 ft agl 47 135 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.1 °6.3 ° min to max 8.7 ° 6.3 8.7 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 120 ft agl · 82 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead CYNO Courtland \/ Tillsonburg Flying Club Field Norfolk County (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 939 ft asl to 1,850 ft asl, an increase of 911 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 92 kn76 kn min to max 108 kn 76 108 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.3 °0.0 ° min to max 26.3 ° 19.4 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.83 g min to max 1.28 g 1.04 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 475 ft/m-358 ft/m min to max 1,416 ft/m 919 -255 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,663 ft asl939 ft asl min to max 2,002 ft asl 939 1,850 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.2 °-1.8 ° min to max 10.6 ° 8.6 -0.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 220 ft agl · 83 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles north west of CYNO Courtland \/ Tillsonburg Flying Club Field Norfolk County (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,698 ft asl1,348 ft asl min to max 1,846 ft asl 1,846 1,348 ft asl
100 % Average speed 98 kn71 kn min to max 109 kn 108 78 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.3 °0.0 ° min to max 20.5 ° 0.3 19.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.91 g min to max 1.17 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-7.6 ° min to max 2.9 ° -0.8 -5.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 805 ft agl · 88 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 544 ft agl · 85 kt
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 2 miles north west of CYNO Courtland \/ Tillsonburg Flying Club Field Norfolk County (Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 75 kn70 kn min to max 77 kn 77 70 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.9 °1.0 ° min to max 20.0 ° 20.0 2.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.98 g min to max 1.09 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -971 ft/m-1,240 ft/m min to max -691 ft/m -1,042 -691 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,224 ft asl1,140 ft asl min to max 1,331 ft asl 1,331 1,140 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.7 °-6.9 ° min to max -2.7 ° -5.8 -3.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 1 98.86Approaching runway 26 at CYTB Tillsonburg from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 249 ft agl to 27 ft agl. A decrease of 223 ft in 22 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.0 °0.9 ° min to max 3.5 °Target 3.0 ° 3.5 0.9 °
100 % Average speed 68 kn67 kn min to max 69 kn 69 68 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.0 0.0 °
94 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 5.2 ° 4.6 1.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.05 g 0.99 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -537 ft/m-758 ft/m min to max -461 ft/m -701 -461 ft/m
Info Average altitude 74 ft agl27 ft agl min to max 249 ft agl 249 27 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-3.7 ° min to max -0.5 ° -3.4 -0.5 °
00.250.50.751050100150200Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-100-75-50-250255075100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 100.00Landing on runway 26 at CYTB Tillsonburg, runway length 4,481 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 68 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was well above target at 68 kn. Target 60 kn
100 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.9 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.96 g min to max 1.12 g 1.03 0.96 g
Info Average speed 64 kn59 kn min to max 68 kn 68 59 kn
Info Average VSI -222 ft/m-457 ft/m min to max -102 ft/m -457 -107 ft/m
Info Average altitude 5 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 12 ft agl 12 1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °-0.3 ° min to max 2.7 ° -0.3 2.2 °
025050001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft0250500-50-40-30-20-1001020304050Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 84.82Touchdown distance was good at 531 ft. Touchdown speed at 59 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -107 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 60 °F. Wind 1 kn at 8 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99.8 % Touchdown VSI was -107 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 531 ftTarget 1,500 ft
39 % Speed at touchdown 59 knTarget 44 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 2.1 ft1.6 ft right -1.3 -2.1 ft
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.9 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.9 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.95 g min to max 1.16 g 0.96 1.04 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 58 kn56 kn min to max 59 kn 59 56 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °2.2 ° min to max 3.9 ° 2.2 3.0 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 1,471 ft, 33 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,471 ft33 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 8.1 ft0.0 ft left to 8.1 ft right -2.3 -8.1 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 1.02 0.98 g
Info Average speed 59 kn36 kn min to max 64 kn 64 36 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °0.2 ° min to max 3.2 ° 3.0 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.7 0.1 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 4 ft agl · 58 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 4 ft agl · 54 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 3 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 13 kn6 kn min to max 29 kn 29 6 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 2.5 ° 0.0 1.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.3 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 0.99 1.00 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 57 kt with 4.5° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

90 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF4.5° off6° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH01020 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 29 kt 2.0° 0 s
Liftoff514 ft 57 kt 4.5° 6.0 s
35 ft1,398 ft · 7.4 s after liftoff 69 kt 6.5° 13.4 s
End of the climb2,487 ft · 135 ft 76 kt 8.7° 22.0 s

Takeoff from CYNO 09

Takeoff roll100.00
703ft25 %
Liftoff speed100.00
57kt
Runway alignment26.40
76.2ft L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb95.15
432fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 135 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,167 ft of runway left; then climbing at 510 fpm on average to 135 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 57 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 2,819 ft runway.

Rolled from 254 ft in, drifted left of the centreline, 76 ft at the widest, and lifted off 53 ft left. Airborne 27 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 76.2 ft LROLL 254 FT INAirborne 768 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 768 ft of 2,819 ft · 27 %
Behind the start of the roll, 254 ftTakeoff roll, 514 ft Left ahead, 2,051 ft

The approach to CYTB 26

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 230 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND576247
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 0.9 nm, never more than 480 ft off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR1000 ft L01000 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND480 ft L9 ft R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CYTB 26

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
11ft
Threshold speed100.00
67kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.0ft R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
535ft
Centreline100.00
2.1ft R
Speed39.41
59kt
Touchdown rate99.77
-109fpm
Impact100.00
1.16G
Bounces80.00
1
The crosswind

Calm: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° right of the track, wings level.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 67 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 12 s, an average deceleration of 0.16 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 405 ft30 kt · 1,050 fttouchdown1,092 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 4,481 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 11 ft, 39 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 535 ft in, 465 ft short of the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 4,481 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

11 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −106 fpm · 2.2° nose up · 59 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 11 ft, down at 535 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 400 fpm at 10 ft to 110 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.5° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−106 fpm at touchdown2.2° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 4,481 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 7 ft of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

1,0002,0003,0004,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 535 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 535 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.16 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 1,282 ft of 4,481 ft · 29 %
In the air over the runway, 535 ftRollout, 747 ft Left over, 3,199 ft
Rollout distance100.00
747ft29 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
8.1ft R

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