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YAMB
Amberley, Australia
Runway 15
Elevation82 ft asl
Weight3,256 kg
Fuel1,021 kg
Wind110° · 9 kn · 6 kn cross

Flight Score

91.61 %
YAMB
Amberley, Australia
Runway 15
Elevation82 ft asl
Weight3,241 kg
Fuel1,004 kg
Wind117° · 9 kn · 6 kn cross
1 Aug 2026 0:03 12 nm Pilatus PC-21 17 kg
Departure Score
96.81 %
Pattern Score
90.60 %
Arrival Score
87.42 %

What went well

Touchdown 389 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 40 ft and 124 kt — both inside band
1.25 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Arrival Approach — 300 ft gate 86 %, −1.59 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown rate was -283 fpm at 54 %, bank angle up to 3.8 ° at 83 %, −1.37 points
Pattern Entry — bank angle up to 47.7 ° at 44 %, −1.25 points
Departure Roll — Strobe Lights at 0 %, Rotation speed was 96 kt at 77 %, −1.06 points

Next time

Departure

Start bringing the nose up as the speed reaches 80 kt, not after it.

What happened: You started the rotation at 96 kt, 16 kt past the 80 kt rotation speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 80 kt at rotation

See Departure Roll

Arrival

Begin the flare with progressive back pressure and keep it coming until the sink is arrested, rather than flying it on flat.

What happened: The nose was barely raised in the flare and little of the sink was taken out, flying the aircraft onto the runway. This pattern usually carries through to a firm touchdown with a noticeable sink rate.

Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a smoothly reducing sink through the normal flare band, not a steady rate into the runway.

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 14 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 15 at YAMB RAAF Base Amberley, Average speed was 5 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 4 kt0 kt min to max 16 kt 0 16 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.0 1.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 4 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 4 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 4 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake On 4 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 4 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 4 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 4 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 4 ft agl · 8 kt
Departure Roll 90.48Departure roll runway 15 at YAMB RAAF Base Amberley. Takeoff distance 901 m 29 % of runway. Rotation speed was 96 kt. Local weather - Temperature 22 °C. Wind 11 kt at 110 °. Crosswind: 8 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 901 m29 % of runway
77 % Rotation speed was 96 ktTarget 80 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.32 m right0.49 m left to 1.32 m right -0.30 -0.65 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.95 g min to max 1.07 g 0.99 1.07 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °1.0 ° min to max 5.2 ° 1.0 5.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.1 1.0 °

Events

Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 15 YAMB RAAF Base Amberley.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 130 kt123 kt min to max 136 kt 123 136 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.3 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.92 g min to max 1.13 g 1.08 0.92 g
Info Average VSI 586 fpm334 fpm min to max 674 fpm 334 668 fpm
Info Average altitude 13 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 36 ft agl 0 36 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.7 °5.2 ° min to max 7.3 ° 5.2 7.0 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 14 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 14 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 25 ft agl · 132 kt
Departure Climb 2 99.95Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 15 YAMB RAAF Base Amberley.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 155 kt137 kt min to max 194 kt 137 194 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 4.0 ° 0.6 4.0 °
99.5 % Average g force 1.00 g0.65 g min to max 1.14 g 0.92 0.88 g
Info Average VSI 1,228 fpm641 fpm min to max 2,968 fpm 665 1,528 fpm
Info Average altitude 215 ft agl37 ft agl min to max 1,141 ft agl 37 1,141 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.2 °5.3 ° min to max 11.2 ° 7.1 5.3 °
Pattern Entry 73.78Right hand pattern entry from runway 15 YAMB RAAF Base Amberley. Distance was 2 nm in 14 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 205 kt194 kt min to max 218 kt 194 218 kt
44 % Average bank angle 42.1 °19.6 ° min to max 47.7 ° 19.6 44.8 °
90 % Average g force 1.29 g0.96 g min to max 1.51 g 0.96 1.39 g
Info Average VSI 316 fpm-373 fpm min to max 1,323 fpm 1,323 -53 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,240 ft agl1,173 ft agl min to max 1,271 ft agl 1,173 1,239 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.6 °0.9 ° min to max 4.7 ° 4.7 2.2 °
Pattern Crosswind 98.67Right hand pattern crosswind from runway 15 YAMB RAAF Base Amberley. Distance was less than 1 nm in 7 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -0.4 °-12.5 ° min to max 14.8 ° -12.5 14.8 °
100 % Average speed 218 kt216 kt min to max 220 kt 216 220 kt
87 % Average g force 1.39 g1.36 g min to max 1.43 g 1.36 1.39 g
Info Average VSI -85 fpm-110 fpm min to max -46 fpm -46 -54 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,232 ft agl1,226 ft agl min to max 1,238 ft agl 1,238 1,226 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 44.2 °43.1 ° min to max 45.6 ° 45.6 43.1 °
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °1.6 ° min to max 2.1 ° 2.1 1.6 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 76.43Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 2 nm. Angle to the runway's far end 50.5 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 220 kt219 kt min to max 221 kt 220 221 kt
26 % Average bank angle 44.1 °42.9 ° min to max 45.3 ° 43.2 42.9 °
86 % Average g force 1.40 g1.35 g min to max 1.43 g 1.40 1.43 g
Info Average VSI 36 fpm-32 fpm min to max 106 fpm -16 93 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,229 ft agl1,225 ft agl min to max 1,232 ft agl 1,225 1,232 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °1.6 ° min to max 2.0 ° 1.6 2.0 °
Pattern Downwind 85.33Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 3 nm in 56 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading 1.3 °-17.7 ° min to max 21.1 ° -17.7 14.4 °
51 % Average altitude 1,268 ft agl1,225 ft agl min to max 1,294 ft agl 1,234 1,225 ft agl
100 % Average speed 206 kt184 kt min to max 221 kt 221 184 kt
99 % Average g force 1.04 g0.83 g min to max 1.42 g 1.42 1.16 g
Info Average VSI -13 fpm-481 fpm min to max 319 fpm 170 -292 fpm
Info Average bank angle 8.1 °0.0 ° min to max 43.4 ° 42.9 23.2 °
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °0.1 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.2 0.1 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,257 ft agl · 203 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,257 ft agl · 203 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,227 ft agl · 190 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 100.00Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 2 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 39.3 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 39.3 °.
100 % Average speed 150 kt132 kt min to max 179 kt 179 132 kt
100 % Average bank angle 27.5 °26.2 ° min to max 29.5 ° 27.4 26.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g0.97 g min to max 1.23 g 1.23 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -579 fpm-1,084 fpm min to max -73 fpm -167 -1,084 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,167 ft agl1,087 ft agl min to max 1,221 ft agl 1,221 1,087 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-2.4 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.7 -2.2 °
Pattern Base Leg 100.00Pattern Base Leg. Distance was less than 1 nm in 10 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -4.0 °-19.6 ° min to max 15.1 ° -19.6 15.1 °
100 % Average speed 131 kt128 kt min to max 134 kt 131 129 kt
100 % Average g force 1.10 g1.03 g min to max 1.18 g 1.12 1.09 g
Info Average VSI -1,039 fpm-1,171 fpm min to max -897 fpm -1,171 -1,009 fpm
Info Average altitude 973 ft agl875 ft agl min to max 1,067 ft agl 1,067 875 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 22.1 °18.9 ° min to max 25.5 ° 25.5 18.9 °
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-2.4 ° min to max -0.2 ° -1.8 -1.3 °
Pattern Final Turn 100.00Pattern Final Turn. Distance was 1 nm in 36 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 126 kt123 kt min to max 130 kt 129 129 kt
100 % Average bank angle 12.6 °1.8 ° min to max 18.8 ° 18.7 3.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.97 g min to max 1.16 g 1.08 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -1,042 fpm-1,346 fpm min to max -810 fpm -946 -810 fpm
Info Average altitude 566 ft agl242 ft agl min to max 859 ft agl 859 242 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.5 °-3.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -1.0 -0.1 °
Arrival Approach 85.71Final approach to runway 15 at YAMB RAAF Base Amberley. Descent from 585 ft agl to 57 ft agl in 36 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
100 % On centrelinepassed
100 % On speedpassed
0 % Wings levelfailed
Arrival Landing 88.88Landing on runway 15 at YAMB RAAF Base Amberley, runway length 3,056 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 124 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 124 kt. Target 125 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
57 % The flare strayed well off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 1.1° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 389 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
99 % Runway alignment max 6.69 m right3.32 m right to 6.69 m right -3.32 -6.69 m
97 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 3.8 ° 2.2 3.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.10 g 1.03 1.10 g
Info Average speed 124 kt123 kt min to max 126 kt 124 123 kt
Info Average VSI -424 fpm-495 fpm min to max -260 fpm -495 -260 fpm
Info Average altitude 18 ft agl-2 ft agl min to max 41 ft agl 41 -2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °0.6 ° min to max 2.8 ° 1.2 1.5 °
07515022530037545001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 87.66Touchdown distance was good at 389 m. Touchdown speed at 123 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -283 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.2 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 9 kt at 117 °. Crosswind: 6 kt Headwind: 6 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
54 % Touchdown rate was -283 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 389 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 123 ktTarget below 122 kt
85 % Runway alignment max 7.17 m right6.99 m right -6.69 -7.17 m
83 % Average bank angle 2.6 °1.4 ° min to max 3.8 ° 3.8 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.10 g0.97 g min to max 1.25 g 1.10 1.04 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 123 kt122 kt min to max 124 kt 123 122 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °1.4 ° min to max 2.7 ° 1.5 2.7 °

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll901 m · 29 %
77.42Rotation speed96 kt · target 80, 16 fast
Liftoff speed122 kt
100.00Runway alignment1.32 m R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
100.00Rate of climb586 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height40 ft
100.00Threshold speed124 kt · target 125, 1 slow
98.86Centreline offset6.69 m R
Flare 57.19The flare strayed well off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 1.1° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 389 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate for a circuit: seven checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate is an instrument-approach check and does not apply. These checks are the approach's score.

Seven checks, one gate300 ft 85.716 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

At the 300 ft gate: wings 18° of bank, against a 10° limit.

The approach, gate by gate

Gate Height Centreline Speed
1.0 nm 410 ft 0.95° R +3 kt
0.5 nm 182 ft 0.23° R +2 kt
THR 41 ft 3.32 m R −1 kt

Touchdown on YAMB 15

Past threshold100.00
389m
Centreline84.96
7.17m R
Speed100.00
123kttarget 121, 2 fast
Touchdown rate53.74
-283fpm
Impact100.00
1.25G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

40 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 40 ft, down at 389 m

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,056 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD CROSS 5 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 389 m past threshold CLEARED

The 389 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 389 m of 3,056 m · 13 %

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Pilatus PC-21 taxied from the parking area to runway 15 at YAMB RAAF Base Amberley, a movement that required 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.

During the departure roll on runway 15, the aircraft accelerated to a liftoff speed of 123 kt after traveling 901 m, which represented 30 % of the available runway. Ambient conditions were a temperature of 22 °C with wind from 110° at 11 kt, providing a crosswind component of 8 kt and a headwind component of 7 kt.

The right-hand pattern entry commenced from runway 15, covering 2 nm in 14 seconds, followed by a crosswind segment of less than 1 nm in 7 seconds. The downwind turn spanned 2 nm with a 45° angle to the runway measured at 50.6°, after which the downwind leg extended 3 nm in 56 seconds. The base turn covered 2 nm with a 45° angle of 39.3°, and the base leg was less than 1 nm in 10 seconds. The final turn was 1 nm long and lasted 36 seconds, positioning the aircraft for the final approach on a heading of 159.0° at 1 nm and 230 ft AGL.

Landing was executed on runway 15, whose length is 3 050 m and which offered good threshold height. The threshold speed was recorded at 124 kt, while touchdown occurred 383 m down the runway at a speed of 123 kt. The aircraft’s vertical speed at touchdown was minus 260 fpm and the touchdown point was offset 7.9 m from the centreline. Weather at the time of landing included a temperature of 21 °C, wind from 117° at 9 kt, a crosswind component of 6 kt and a headwind component of 6 kt.

Overall, the flight covered a total distance of 11 nm, taking 3, and consumed 17 kg of fuel.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 15 at YAMB RAAF Base Amberley in the Pilatus PC-21
96.81 %
90.48 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 15 at YAMB RAAF Base Amberley. Takeoff distance 901 m 29 % of runway. Rotation speed was 96 kt. Local weather - Temperature 22 °C. Wind 11 kt at 110 °. Crosswind: 8 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 901 m using 29.49 % of runway
Rotation Speed
77.42 %
Rotation speed was 96 kn - Target 80 kn
Alignment
100 %
0.49 m left to 1.32 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
0 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
130 75 20
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
6 3 0
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,750-20-15-10-505101520 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
100 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 15 YAMB RAAF Base Amberley.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
140 130 120
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
8 6.5 5
Climb Rate fpm
Info
700 300 -100
99.95 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 15 YAMB RAAF Base Amberley.
Alignment
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
200 165 130
Bank °
100 %
5 2.5 0
G
99.51 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
12 8.5 5
Climb Rate fpm
Info
3,000 1,750 500
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7500128256384512640 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250100200300400500600700800900 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.25-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 15 at YAMB RAAF Base Amberley in the Pilatus PC-21
Landing Score 88.27 %
Landing Summary

The final approach to runway 15 at YAMB RAAF Base Amberley was flown from the north on a heading of 159.0° at 1 nm and 230 ft AGL, with a temperature of 21 °C, wind 9 kt from 117°, including a 6 kt crosswind and a 6 kt headwind. The approach was noted as having a good threshold height, but the threshold speed was excessively high at 124 kt.

During the threshold and flare segment the aircraft maintained the excessive speed of 124 kt, and the flare was executed with the aircraft still above the target speed. The touchdown distance was good at 383 m from the threshold, yet the touchdown speed of 123 kt was recorded as too fast.

Touchdown occurred with a fair vertical rate of minus 260 fpm, and the aircraft landed 7.9 m off the centreline, indicating a misalignment at the runway touchdown point.

To refine future landings, reduce the approach speed to bring the threshold speed within the intended range and aim for a touchdown speed that matches VREF. Adjust flare timing to achieve the lower touchdown speed and improve centreline alignment while maintaining the current good touchdown distance.

85.71 %
Approach
Final approach to runway 15 at YAMB RAAF Base Amberley. Descent from 585 ft agl to 57 ft agl in 36 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
Glideslope °
4 3 2
IAS kt
130 125 120
Alignment
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
19 9.5 0
G
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
-498 -949 -1,400
00.250.50.7511.251.51.7522.252.52.7533.253.53.7540100200300400500 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.7511.251.51.7522.252.52.7533.253.53.754-280-210-140-70070140210280 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
88.88 %
Landing
Landing on runway 15 at YAMB RAAF Base Amberley, runway length 3,056 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 124 kt.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was good at 124 kt. Target 125 kt
Flare
57.19 %
The flare strayed well off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 1.1° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 389 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
Centreline ft
98.86 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
96.98 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
126 123 120
Pitch °
Info
3 1.5 0
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-292 -396 -500
07515022530037545001223354658 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300375450-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
87.66 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 389 m. Touchdown speed at 123 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -283 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.2 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 9 kt at 117 °. Crosswind: 6 kt Headwind: 6 kt.
Touchdown
53.74 %
Touchdown rate was fair at -283 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 123 kt was a little fast. Target below 122 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 389 m.
Alignment
84.96 %
Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.2 m from centreline.
Bank
83.37 %
Bank angle 2.6 °
G
100 %
G 1.10 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Metrics
Metrics

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