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EDFB
Reichelsheim, Germany
Runway 18
Elevation397 ft asl
Weight569 kg
Fuel50 kg
Wind213° · 14 kn · 8 kn cross

Flight Score

93.58 %
EDDF
Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Runway 25C
Elevation338 ft asl
Weight566 kg
Fuel47 kg
Wind210° · 12 kn · 8 kn cross
26 Oct 2026 0:11 23 nm JMB VL-3 Sprint 3 kg
Departure Score
93.94 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
86.79 %

What went well

Touchdown 125 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 1.13 m off the centreline, no bounce
Flare on profile — 98 %

What held you back

Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 19.92 m left at 53 %, −1.75 points
Departure Roll — Rotation speed was 78 kt at 0 %, −1.67 points
Arrival Approach — 500 ft gate 86 %, −1.19 points

Next time

Departure

Start bringing the nose up as the speed reaches 50 kt, then pitch for 112 kt in the climb.

What happened: You started the rotation at 78 kt, 28 kt past the 50 kt rotation speed, and that extra speed usually carries into the climb, which was 20 kt fast as well.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 50 kt at rotation, 112 kt in the climb

See Departure RollDeparture Climb 3

Arrival

Use small rudder inputs against a point at the far end of the runway to hold the centreline during rollout.

What happened: During the rollout the aircraft drifted 20 m off the centreline.

Watch for: Runway centreline marks: hold the aircraft tracking straight down the centreline through rollout

See Arrival Rollout

A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 12 stages, 10 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield, Average speed was 8 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 5 kt0 kt min to max 16 kt 0 16 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-0.8 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.5 -0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Autopilot Avionics Managed Activated 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 9 kt
Departure Roll 80.00Departure roll runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield. Takeoff distance 365 m 30 % of runway. Rotation speed was 78 kt. Local weather - Temperature 13 °C. Wind 14 kt at 213 °. Crosswind: 8 kt Headwind: 11 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 365 m30 % of runway
0 % Rotation speed was 78 ktTarget 50 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 4.00 m right0.00 m left to 4.00 m right -2.15 -1.13 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.14 g 1.01 1.14 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-1.1 ° min to max 3.0 ° -0.5 3.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 0.2 3.1 °
Departure Climb 1 99.79Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.4 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.1 0.6 °
100 % Average speed 99 kt83 kt min to max 109 kt 83 109 kt
99 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.0 ° min to max 6.0 ° 3.2 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.87 g min to max 1.14 g 1.14 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 188 fpm-19 fpm min to max 328 fpm 97 328 fpm
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 38 ft agl 0 38 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °0.4 ° min to max 3.6 ° 3.1 2.5 °
Departure Climb 2 99.91Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.6 °-1.4 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.6 -1.4 °
100 % Average speed 109 kt106 kt min to max 129 kt 108 129 kt
99.7 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.1 ° min to max 5.1 ° 1.4 0.4 °
99.97 % Average g force 1.03 g0.84 g min to max 1.26 g 1.00 1.10 g
Info Average VSI 443 fpm329 fpm min to max 2,267 fpm 329 2,267 fpm
Info Average altitude 68 ft agl39 ft agl min to max 367 ft agl 39 367 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °2.1 ° min to max 10.6 ° 2.6 10.6 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 76 ft agl · 110 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 88 ft agl · 108 kt
Departure Climb 3 96.05Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Climb speed 132 kt126 kt min to max 142 ktTarget 112 kt, 20 kt fast 130 142 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.7 °0.3 ° min to max 14.1 ° 2.6 2.1 °
99.9 % Average g force 0.94 g0.74 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 1.00 g
100 % Landing gear up at 59 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -0.5 °-1.8 ° min to max 2.0 ° -1.7 2.0 °
Info Average VSI 1,717 fpm571 fpm min to max 2,550 fpm 2,459 571 fpm
Info Average altitude 730 ft agl404 ft agl min to max 975 ft agl 404 975 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.6 °1.2 ° min to max 11.6 ° 11.5 1.2 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Florstadt (Hessen, Germany). Climbing from 1,258 ft asl to 1,741 ft asl, an increase of 483 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 148 kt141 kt min to max 157 kt 148 141 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 1.2 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.79 g min to max 1.14 g 1.05 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 416 fpm-78 fpm min to max 903 fpm 606 207 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,524 ft asl1,258 ft asl min to max 1,741 ft asl 1,258 1,741 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-0.9 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.5 0.3 °
Info Turn coordination -2-13 min to max 7 3 -4
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead EXGB Florstadt Airport Florstadt (Hessen, Germany) and lasted 8 minutes, covering 16 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±587 ft of 1,345 ft asl876 ft asl min to max 1,891 ft asl 1,743 1,081 ft asl
100 % Average speed 135 kt88 kt min to max 149 kt 143 97 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.0 ° min to max 17.6 ° 1.2 3.5 °
99.98 % Average g force 1.00 g0.84 g min to max 1.34 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination -1-18 min to max 12 -4 3
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-3.4 ° min to max 5.0 ° 0.3 -0.1 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 691 ft agl · 111 kt
Arrival Approach 85.71Final approach to runway 25C at EDDF Frankfurt Airport. Descent from 630 ft agl to -89 ft agl in 133 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
100 % On centrelinepassed
0 % On speedfailed
100 % Wings levelpassed

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 776 ft agl · 96 kt
Arrival Landing 98.28Landing on runway 25C at EDDF Frankfurt Airport, runway length 3,986 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 65 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Threshold speed was well above target at 65 kt. Target 54 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
98 % Excellent landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 3.32 m right1.66 m right to 3.32 m right -3.03 -1.66 m
99 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.1 ° min to max 3.4 ° 2.1 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.85 g min to max 1.18 g 1.06 0.93 g
Info Average speed 62 kt60 kt min to max 65 kt 65 60 kt
Info Average VSI -435 fpm-722 fpm min to max -284 fpm -722 -360 fpm
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl-5 ft agl min to max 27 ft agl 27 -5 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °0.1 ° min to max 3.2 ° 0.7 1.7 °
07515001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 84.23Touchdown distance was good at 125 m. Touchdown speed at 60 kt was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -268 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 13 °C. Wind 13 kt at 210 °. Crosswind: 8 kt Headwind: 10 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
58 % Touchdown rate was -268 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 125 mTarget 457 m
68 % Speed at touchdown 60 ktTarget below 45 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.66 m right1.47 m right -1.66 -1.13 m
100 % Average bank angle 1.5 °1.3 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.3 1.4 °
84 % Average g force 1.17 g0.93 g min to max 1.53 g 0.93 1.13 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 59 kt57 kt min to max 60 kt 60 57 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °0.3 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.7 0.3 °
Arrival Rollout 78.95Total landing distance 322 m, 8 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 19.9 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 322 m8 % of runway.
53 % Runway alignment max 19.92 m left19.92 m left to 0.00 m left 9.94 19.65 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.13 g 1.13 0.99 g
Info Average speed 40 kt30 kt min to max 50 kt 50 30 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-2.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 -2.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.4 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 20 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 16 kt0 kt min to max 55 kt 30 55 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.5 °-2.4 ° min to max -1.0 ° -2.1 -1.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.1 0.8 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.03 g 0.98 1.03 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 11 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 78 kt, 28 kt above the 50 kt target, and lifted off at 82 kt 0.8 s later, the nose coming up at 3.3° a second. Climb 3 averaged 132 kt, 20 kt over its 112 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 112150 kt10050020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFGEAR UPtarget 502.2° off · 3.3°/s2° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 23 kt -0.5° 0 s
Rotate266 m · target 50 78 kt -0.4° 10.8 s
Liftoff294 m · +4 kt from rotation 82 kt 2.2° 11.5 s
35 ft1,022 m · 15.9 s after liftoff 108 kt 2.5° 27.5 s
Gear up1,276 m · 59 ft · full marks to 400 ft 110 kt 2.2° 32.5 s
Climb 32,224 m · 404 ft to 975 ft · target 112 132 kt avg 11.5° 49.6 s
End of Climb 33,379 m · 975 ft 142 kt 1.2° 69 s

Takeoff from EDFB 18

Takeoff roll100.00
365m30 %
Rotation speed0.00
78kttarget 50, 28 fast
Liftoff speed
82kt
Runway alignment100.00
4.00m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
59ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed90.15
132kttarget 112
Rate of climb99.79
187fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 975 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 145 m of runway left; gear up at 59 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,020 fpm on average to 975 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3132 kt avgtarget 112THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 78 kttarget 50Liftoff 82 ktGear up 59 ftfull marks to 400 ftSCALE CHANGES2.2 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,224 m runway.

Rolled from 56 m in, drifted 4 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off, in 8 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 28 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS8 kn75 %widest 4.00 m RROLL 56 M INAirborne 350 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 350 m of 1,224 m · 29 %
Behind the start of the roll, 56 mTakeoff roll, 294 m Left ahead, 874 m

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.

Seven checks, one gate500 ft 85.716 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate690 fpm
On glideslope4.1°
On centreline0.4° off
On speed+39 kt
Wings level2° bank

At the 500 ft gate: speed more than 16 kt above the approach speed of 54 kt.

When the approach was stable

Never every check met at once: fast all the way, banked until 2.9 nm, left of the centreline until 2.5 nm and no landing flap until 1.9 nm.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to EDDF 25C

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 3.2 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 380 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND767857520347500 ft gate6 of 7on speed752 ft · 93 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 3.2 nm, where the final began, to 2.8 nm, then drifted 109 m left between 2.8 and 2.5 nm, then inside the band from 2.5 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND11 m L7 m L6 m R1 m L20 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 27 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 16 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 3.2 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to +63 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

406080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 54+50 kt+45 kt+45 kt+38 kt+10 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on EDDF 25C

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
26ft
Threshold speed95.88
64kttarget 54, 10 fast
Centreline offset100.00
3.32m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
125m
Centreline100.00
1.66m R
Speed67.57
59kttarget 45, 14 fast
Touchdown rate57.58
-268fpm
Impact84.00
1.53G
BouncesOk
None
The flare97.80

Excellent landing flare. It lost 2.2 points, mostly for the nose going up and down 2 times.

The crosswind

7 kt across from the left, which takes about 7° of crab to hold the centreline at 60 kt. Touched down with 7° of it still on, wings level.

Wind 210° at 12 kt · 9 kt head · 7 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 51 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 9 s, an average deceleration of 0.12 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

020406030 kt · 195 mtouchdown203 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 26 ft, 24 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 27 ft. Touched down 125 m in, 180 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

26 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 27 ft · −669 fpm · 0.7° · 65 ktdescent slowed at 10 ft · −229 fpm · 3.1°−268 fpm · 1.7° nose up · 60 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 26 ft, down at 125 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 670 fpm at the flare to 270 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.0° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−268 fpm at touchdown1.7° at touchdown, +1° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,986 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 20 m left on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 7 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 125 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 125 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 268 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 309 m of 3,986 m · 8 %
In the air over the runway, 125 mRollout, 184 m Left over, 3,677 m
Rollout distance100.00
184m8 % used
Rollout alignment53.23
19.92m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The JMB VL-3 Sprint departed from runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield. Take-off used 365 m, which is 30 % of the runway, and rotation was achieved at 78 kt. Local weather at departure was temperature 13 °C, wind 14 kt from 213°, with a crosswind component of 8 kt and a headwind component of 11 kt.

Initial climb to 1 000 ft agl took 55 seconds, averaging 809 fpm and reaching 142 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then climbed from 1 258 ft asl to 1 741 ft asl in 1 minute while covering 2 nm, starting overhead Florstadt.

Level flight was maintained at 1 300 ft asl for 8 minutes, covering 16 nm, beginning overhead EXGB Florstadt Airport Florstadt.

During final approach to runway 25C at EDDF Frankfurt Airport, descent was from 630 ft agl to -89 ft agl in 133 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 500 ft above the runway were all met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, on glideslope, on centreline, on speed, wings level. Configuration on final was flap position 1 at 776 ft agl with an airspeed of 96 kt.

Landing was made on runway 25C, whose length is 3 986 m. The threshold height was good and the threshold speed was well above target at 65 kt. The flare was described as excellent. Touchdown occurred 125 m down the runway at a speed of 60 kt, which was noted as too fast, with a touchdown rate of -268 fpm that was fair. Runway touchdown alignment was very good and there was no bounce.

Total landing distance was 322 m, representing 8 % of the runway. The rollout alignment was misaligned by 19.9 m from the centreline. Local weather at landing was temperature 13 °C, wind 13 kt from 210°, with a crosswind component of 8 kt and a headwind component of 10 kt.

The entire flight covered 23 nm, lasted 11 minutes and used 3 kg of fuel.

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