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KMGC
Michigan City, United States
Runway 20
Elevation653 ft asl
Weight678 kg
Fuel34 kg
Wind260° · 6 kn · 5 kn cross

Flight Score

92.62 %
KMGC
Michigan City, United States
Runway 20
Elevation653 ft asl
Weight676 kg
Fuel31 kg
Wind260° · 5 kn · 4 kn cross
17 Oct 2026 0:11 13 nm Cessna 152 2 kg
Departure Score
97.04 %
Pattern Score
87.82 %
Arrival Score
92.99 %

What went well

Touched down at -81 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 307 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 35 ft and 60 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Arrival Rollout — Landing distance 993 m at 67 %, −2.29 points
Pattern Final Turn — bank angle up to 47.0 ° at 17 %, −1.79 points
Pattern Base Leg Turn — bank angle up to 45.1 ° at 27 %, −1.05 points
Departure Roll — Strobe Lights at 0 %, Runway alignment max 9.54 m right at 81 %, −0.98 points

Next time

Departure

Make small rudder corrections against a point at the far end to hold the centreline.

What happened: During the ground roll you drifted 9.5 m off the runway centreline.

Watch for: Watch runway alignment against the centreline, correcting with small rudder inputs.

See Departure Roll

Arrival

Roll in a shallow, constant bank for the final turn and hold it with smooth aileron, rather than letting it steepen.

What happened: Through the final turn the bank angle climbed to an average of 22°, well beyond a stabilised, constant-rate turn.

Watch for: Attitude indicator: hold a shallow, steady bank angle throughout the final turn.

See Pattern Final Turn

A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 19 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 91.18Departure roll runway 20 at KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport. Takeoff distance 552 m 46 % of runway. Rotation speed was 55 kt. Local weather - Temperature 12 °C. Wind 6 kt at 260 °. Crosswind: 5 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 552 m46 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 55 ktTarget 57 kt
81 % Runway alignment max 9.54 m right0.00 m left to 9.54 m right -9.02 -8.72 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.13 g 1.00 1.13 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °-0.4 ° min to max 7.7 ° -0.4 7.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.3 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.8 1.2 °

Events

Fail Strobe Lights
Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 59 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 59 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 59 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 3 ft agl · 59 kt
Departure Climb 1 99.95Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 20 KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.6 °0.3 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 60 kt60 kt min to max 61 kt 60 61 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.1 ° min to max 3.1 ° 1.2 2.7 °
99.5 % Average g force 1.06 g0.86 g min to max 1.44 g 1.31 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 700 fpm486 fpm min to max 739 fpm 486 718 fpm
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 37 ft agl 0 37 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.8 °8.3 ° min to max 11.6 ° 8.3 10.2 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 20 KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 62 kt59 kt min to max 75 kt 61 73 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.3 °0.1 ° min to max 3.3 ° 2.8 2.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.80 g min to max 1.13 g 1.04 0.92 g
Info Average VSI 808 fpm378 fpm min to max 1,064 fpm 719 1,064 fpm
Info Average altitude 91 ft agl38 ft agl min to max 277 ft agl 38 277 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.2 °4.2 ° min to max 12.0 ° 10.3 9.2 °
Pattern Entry 95.30Left hand pattern entry from runway 20 KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 6 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 69 kt67 kt min to max 72 kt 72 71 kt
90 % Average bank angle 33.9 °10.6 ° min to max 46.9 ° 10.6 34.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.11 g1.06 g min to max 1.16 g 1.10 1.08 g
Info Average VSI 1,055 fpm352 fpm min to max 1,410 fpm 1,131 352 fpm
Info Average altitude 359 ft agl295 ft agl min to max 411 ft agl 295 411 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.9 °0.1 ° min to max 12.3 ° 10.7 0.1 °
Pattern Crosswind 100.00Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 20 KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 16 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -2.2 °-8.9 ° min to max 12.7 ° 12.7 -8.9 °
100 % Average speed 75 kt66 kt min to max 81 kt 74 66 kt
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.88 g min to max 1.25 g 1.25 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 958 fpm115 fpm min to max 1,736 fpm 115 1,337 fpm
Info Average altitude 515 ft agl415 ft agl min to max 726 ft agl 415 726 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 6.6 °0.3 ° min to max 30.1 ° 30.1 9.7 °
Info Average pitch angle 8.4 °1.2 ° min to max 15.1 ° 1.2 11.5 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 90.40Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to the runway's far end 72.6 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 66 kt63 kt min to max 72 kt 64 72 kt
68 % Average bank angle 34.3 °26.3 ° min to max 37.8 ° 26.3 35.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.91 g min to max 1.14 g 0.99 1.14 g
Info Average VSI 627 fpm-153 fpm min to max 1,264 fpm 1,264 -153 fpm
Info Average altitude 791 ft agl748 ft agl min to max 812 ft agl 748 811 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.8 °-1.4 ° min to max 9.3 ° 9.3 -1.4 °
Pattern Downwind 96.95Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 1 nm in 54 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -1.0 °-15.2 ° min to max 15.7 ° 15.7 -11.0 °
90 % Average altitude 904 ft agl803 ft agl min to max 958 ft agl 807 865 ft agl
100 % Average speed 87 kt75 kt min to max 99 kt 75 97 kt
99 % Average g force 1.03 g0.53 g min to max 1.36 g 1.28 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 42 fpm-779 fpm min to max 815 fpm -284 -86 fpm
Info Average bank angle 6.7 °0.0 ° min to max 31.7 ° 31.7 27.1 °
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-6.6 ° min to max 10.5 ° -1.6 -3.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 847 ft agl · 91 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 77.98Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 36.1 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 36.1 °.
100 % Average speed 96 kt96 kt min to max 97 kt 97 96 kt
27 % Average bank angle 40.0 °33.0 ° min to max 45.1 ° 33.0 45.1 °
98 % Average g force 1.22 g1.06 g min to max 1.34 g 1.06 1.34 g
Info Average VSI -399 fpm-557 fpm min to max -241 fpm -241 -557 fpm
Info Average altitude 849 ft agl831 ft agl min to max 863 ft agl 863 831 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.6 °-4.2 ° min to max -2.7 ° -3.8 -4.2 °
Pattern Base Leg 91.72Pattern Base Leg. Distance was less than 1 nm in 17 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
82 % Heading -7.8 °-16.8 ° min to max 17.5 ° 17.5 -16.8 °
100 % Average speed 92 kt80 kt min to max 98 kt 96 80 kt
99.7 % Average g force 1.09 g0.74 g min to max 1.43 g 1.43 1.31 g
Info Average VSI -778 fpm-1,036 fpm min to max -505 fpm -596 -813 fpm
Info Average altitude 689 ft agl553 ft agl min to max 809 ft agl 809 553 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 10.9 °0.1 ° min to max 44.6 ° 44.6 11.4 °
Info Average pitch angle -4.8 °-7.3 ° min to max -0.9 ° -4.9 -0.9 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 613 ft agl · 94 kt
Pattern Final Turn 62.43Pattern Final Turn. Distance was less than 1 nm in 16 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 75 kt68 kt min to max 80 kt 76 80 kt
17 % Average bank angle 22.3 °1.4 ° min to max 47.0 ° 30.3 4.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g0.86 g min to max 1.56 g 1.56 0.93 g
Info Average VSI -1,004 fpm-1,840 fpm min to max 166 fpm -328 -1,356 fpm
Info Average altitude 434 ft agl263 ft agl min to max 544 ft agl 541 263 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -6.9 °-13.0 ° min to max 4.9 ° 4.9 -8.8 °
Arrival Landing (GA) 99.09Not counted in the flight scoreLanding on runway 20 at KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport, runway length 1,192 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 62 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 62 kt. Target 57 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
99.7 % Runway alignment max 4.76 m left4.76 m left to 1.38 m left 4.55 1.38 m
91 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.0 ° min to max 5.8 ° 0.8 1.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.85 g min to max 1.12 g 1.08 0.86 g
Info Average speed 56 kt52 kt min to max 62 kt 62 52 kt
Info Average VSI -203 fpm-443 fpm min to max -68 fpm -443 -167 fpm
Info Average altitude 4 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 15 ft agl 15 1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-0.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° -0.0 0.7 °
Go-around Go-Around runway 20 at KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport at 0 ft agl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 70 kt46 kt min to max 100 kt 52 80 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.6 °0.0 ° min to max 37.9 ° 1.6 0.3 °
99.8 % Average g force 1.03 g0.57 g min to max 1.31 g 1.16 1.14 g
Info Average altitude -119 ft agl-554 ft agl min to max 379 ft agl -548 -295 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °-10.7 ° min to max 16.9 ° 0.8 -5.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 6 ft agl · 53 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 599 ft agl · 89 kt
Arrival Landing (GA) 91.70Not counted in the flight scoreLanding on runway 20 at KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport, runway length 1,192 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 57 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 57 kt. Target 57 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
68 % Fair landing flare
99.7 % Runway alignment max 5.16 m left5.16 m left to 2.05 m left 5.16 2.05 m
98 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.7 ° min to max 3.1 ° 2.8 3.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.96 g min to max 1.10 g 1.09 1.10 g
Info Average speed 56 kt54 kt min to max 57 kt 57 54 kt
Info Average VSI -352 fpm-439 fpm min to max -279 fpm -439 -279 fpm
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl6 ft agl min to max 29 ft agl 29 6 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-0.5 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.7 2.2 °
Go-around Go-Around runway 20 at KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport at 0 ft agl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 76 kt48 kt min to max 96 kt 53 74 kt
100 % Average bank angle 8.1 °0.0 ° min to max 38.8 ° 0.2 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.70 g min to max 1.28 g 1.15 1.05 g
Info Average altitude 56 ft agl-553 ft agl min to max 384 ft agl -549 -148 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °-5.3 ° min to max 15.5 ° 1.1 -1.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 59 kt
Arrival Approach Final approach to runway 20 at KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport. Descent from 0 ft agl to -504 ft agl in 71 seconds. Not scored on a circuit: the stabilisation gate is shown for reference.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
0 % Landing flapfailed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
0 % On speedfailed

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 306 ft agl · 76 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 352 ft agl · 76 kt
Arrival Landing 99.57Landing on runway 20 at KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport, runway length 1,192 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 60 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 60 kt. Target 57 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
99 % Excellent landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 2.39 m left2.39 m left to 1.33 m left 1.61 1.48 m
99 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 2.0 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.92 g min to max 1.15 g 1.15 1.07 g
Info Average speed 55 kt47 kt min to max 60 kt 60 47 kt
Info Average VSI -215 fpm-509 fpm min to max -81 fpm -509 -81 fpm
Info Average altitude 14 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 35 ft agl 35 1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-1.9 ° min to max 2.8 ° -0.3 2.8 °
07515022530037545001122334456Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450-15-12-9-6-303691215Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 100.00Touchdown distance was good at 307 m. Touchdown speed at 47 kt was good. Touchdown rate was excellent at -81 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 11 °C. Wind 5 kt at 260 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Headwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -81 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 307 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 47 ktTarget below 57 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.48 m left0.84 m left 1.48 -0.27 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.2 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.4 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 1.01 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 45 kt44 kt min to max 47 kt 47 44 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °0.6 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.8 0.6 °
Arrival Rollout 79.40Total landing distance 993 m, 83 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
67 % Landing distance 993 m83 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 2.76 m left2.76 m left to 2.58 m right -2.58 -0.12 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average speed 39 kt32 kt min to max 46 kt 46 32 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °0.1 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.7 0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.3 0.4 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 4 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 11 kt0 kt min to max 28 kt 28 0 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °0.2 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.4 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Engine 1 Stopped 3 ft agl

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 55 kt, on the 57 kt target, and lifted off at 59 kt 1.1 s later, the nose coming up at 4.8° a second.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second.

90 kt6030020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 575.2° off · 4.8°/s10° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH01020 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation began

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 51 kt -0.4° 0 s
Rotate34 m · target 57 55 kt 0.1° 1.2 s
Liftoff66 m · +4 kt from rotation 59 kt 5.2° 2.2 s
35 ft189 m · 3.9 s after liftoff 60 kt 9.8° 6.1 s
End of the climb881 m · 277 ft 73 kt 9.2° 27.2 s

Takeoff from KMGC 20

Takeoff roll100.00
552m46 %
Rotation speed100.00
55kttarget 57, 2 slow
Liftoff speed
59kt
Runway alignment80.91
9.54m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.95
700fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 277 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 523 m of runway left; then climbing at 660 fpm on average to 277 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 55 kttarget 57Liftoff 59 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 1,192 m runway.

Rolled from 480 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 9.5 m at the widest, and lifted off 8.9 m right, in 5 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 45 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS5 kn75 %widest 9.53 m RROLL 480 M INAirborne 546 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 546 m of 1,192 m · 46 %
Behind the start of the roll, 480 mTakeoff roll, 66 m Left ahead, 646 m

The circuit to KMGC 20

Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the go-around. This lap ended in a go-around; the landing that followed was flown without circuit legs.

Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 0.9 nm out at 87 kt

How to read this

The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.

45° to the thresholdTHRLANDING1234crosswinddownwindbase90+75-89under 75not a circuit legtextbook circuit

Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded

How to read this

The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.

05001,0001,5000°30°HEIGHT ftBANKcircuit height 1,000 ftturn crosswind from 700 ft47°138°245°347°4distance flown →
HeightBankA turnCircuit height ±50 ft30° of bank
1Crosswind turn
Turned at
390 ft
Bank
47°
Speed
69 kt

Steep: 47° of bank.

Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.

Read more in Pattern Work
2Onto downwind
Bank
38°
Height
904 ft on 1,000 ft
Speed
87 kt
Out
0.6 nm 0.9 suits 87 kt

Steep: 38° of bank.

The 45-degrees-behind-the-wing cue assumes you can turn your head and use peripheral vision. Downwind spacing cues like "put the wingtip halfway up the strut" assume a fixed, known eyepoint. Neither survives a monitor unmodified. If you fly on a fixed monitor, stop pretending and fly a numbers-based circuit.

Read more in Pattern Work
3Base turn
Angle
36° target 45°
Bank
45°
Height
852 ft

Steep: 45° of bank.

4Final turn
Bank
47°
Overshoot
130 m
Speed
75 kt

Overshot: went 130 m through the centreline turning final.

Overshooting final. A tailwind component on base sweeps you through the extended centreline, the instinctive correction is to steepen the bank and, when that's not enough, to skid the turn with rudder. In a real aircraft this is the base-to-final stall-spin scenario that kills people. The sim under-punishes it, because a spring yoke transmits no lightening of control force, there's no buffet through your hands, and no seat-of-the-pants sensation of the skid. You get the numbers of the skidded turn without the feel of it. The correct response is the same in both worlds and needs practising until it's reflexive. Don't steepen past 30 degrees, and if you've blown through the centreline, go around and reset.

Read more in Pattern Work
Entry95Crosswind100Turn onto downwind90Downwind97Base turn78Base92Final turn62

The approach to KMGC 20

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 1.3 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 80 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND409204
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 149 m right of the centreline at 1.3 nm, then inside the band from 0.9 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND86 m R17 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 29 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 17 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 1.3 nm, where the final began, to 0.8 nm (up to +18 kt), then inside the band to 0.6 nm, then slow to 0.3 nm (up to −10 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 57+16 kt−8 kt+2 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on KMGC 20

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
35ft
Threshold speed100.00
60kttarget 57, 3 fast
Centreline offset100.00
2.39m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
307m
Centreline100.00
1.48m L
Speed100.00
47kttarget 57 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-81fpm
Impact100.00
1.07G
BouncesOk
None
The flare98.67

Excellent landing flare. It lost 1.3 points, for the nose going up and down 2 times.

The stop

From 49 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 35 s, an average deceleration of 0.03 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

020406030 kt · 714 mtouchdown743 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,192 m of the approach.

Began the flare at 41 ft, 18 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 35 ft, 15 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 307 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,192 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

35 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare began at 41 ft, 18 m before the threshold−596 fpm · −3.2° · 59 ktdescent slowed at 2 ft · −81 fpm · 2.8°−80 fpm · 2.8° nose up · 47 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 35 ft, down at 307 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 600 fpm at the flare to 80 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 6.0° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−2°4°10°descent slowedtouchdown−80 fpm at touchdown2.8° at touchdown, +6° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,192 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 1.9 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 4 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 307 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 307 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 957 m of 1,192 m · 80 %
In the air over the runway, 307 mRollout, 650 m Left over, 235 m
Rollout distance83.66
650m79 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
2.76m L

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Flight narrative

The Cessna 152 departed from runway 20 at KMGC Michigan City Municipal Airport. Takeoff used 552 m, 46 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 55 kt. Local weather was 12 °C with wind 6 kt from 260°, giving a 5 kt crosswind and a 3 kt headwind.

Initial climb to 400 ft agl took 23 seconds at an average 794 fpm, reaching 73 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft entered a left-hand circuit for runway 20. The downwind leg was 1 nm and lasted 54 seconds at 340 ft agl; the base leg was less than 1 nm and lasted 17 seconds.

On the first final approach to runway 20, descent was from 0 ft agl to -534 ft agl in 30 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were: gear down, landing flap, on glideslope, on speed, wings level - met; sink rate and centreline - not met. Configuration at final was flap 2 at 352 ft agl and 76 kt. A go-around was executed at 0 ft agl.

A second final approach to runway 20 followed. Descent was from 0 ft agl to -504 ft agl in 71 seconds. At 500 ft the stabilisation checks were: gear down, sink rate, on glideslope, on speed, wings level - met; landing flap and centreline - not met. Configuration remained flap 2 at 352 ft agl and 76 kt.

Landing was completed on runway 20, which is 1,192 m long. Threshold height was good and threshold speed was 60 kt. The flare was described as excellent. Touchdown occurred 307 m down the runway at 47 kt, with a touchdown rate of minus 81 fpm; alignment was perfect and there was no bounce. Local weather at landing was 11 °C with wind 5 kt from 260°, giving a 4 kt crosswind and a 2 kt headwind. Total runway rollout distance was 993 m, 83 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect.

The flight covered 15 nm in 11 minutes and consumed 2 kg of fuel.

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