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EGPE
Inverness, Scotland
Runway 23
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight1,211 kg
Fuel118 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

85.71 %
EGPE
Inverness, Scotland
Runway 05
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight1,209 kg
Fuel117 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross
29 Sep 2023 0:05 2 nm Cessna 182T Skylane 2 kg
Departure Score
94.18 %
Pattern Score
72.64 %
Arrival Score
90.30 %

What went well

Touched down at -94 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 256 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 0.32 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Pattern Crosswind — Heading -39.3 ° at 0 %, −5.00 points
Pattern Downwind — Average altitude 73.7 m agl at 0 %, −3.33 points
Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 33 %, −2.33 points

Next time

Improve the pattern crosswind leg

See Pattern Crosswind

Each lap slightly wider and higher than the last, because you're unconsciously using the previous lap as your reference instead of the runway and the numbers. Invisible lap to lap, unmistakable across ten. This is the failure that only measurement catches, because your memory of lap three is gone by lap eight.

Read more in Pattern Work

Start to finish · 10 stages, 10 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 93.11Departure roll runway 23 at EGPE Inverness. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 72 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
66 % Liftoff speed was 72 knTarget 62 kn
99.6 % Runway alignment max 2.14 m0.51 m left to 1.64 m right -0.31 -0.63 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 3.5 ° 0.0 2.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.0 0.5 °

Events

Fail Taxi Light ON should OFF
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Battery Master On 31 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 31 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 31 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 31 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 31 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Departure Climb 1 99.42Departure climb to 15.2 m agl from runway 23 EGPE Inverness.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -0.3 °
100 % Average speed 81 kn72 kn min to max 88 kn 72 88 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 0.5 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.98 g min to max 1.09 g 1.01 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 2.2 m/s1.6 m/s min to max 2.7 m/s 1.6 2.7 m/s
Info Average altitude 6.3 m agl0.0 m agl min to max 15.1 m agl 0.0 15.1 m agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °3.0 ° min to max 5.5 ° 3.0 5.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 32 ft agl · 90 kt
Departure Climb 2 90.00Departure climb to 121.9 m agl from 23 EGPE Inverness.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 94 kn88 kn min to max 102 kn 88 102 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.0 ° min to max 4.2 ° 0.9 4.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.04 g 0.97 0.92 g
Info Average VSI 3.2 m/s2.5 m/s min to max 6.0 m/s 2.7 3.5 m/s
Info Average altitude 41.4 m agl17.2 m agl min to max 152.1 m agl 17.2 152.1 m agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.5 °3.8 ° min to max 7.8 ° 5.2 3.8 °
Pattern Entry 92.91Left hand pattern entry from runway 23 EGPE Inverness. Distance was less than 1 nm in 63 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
84 % Climb speed 95 kn78 kn min to max 104 knTarget 85 kn 102 78 kn
100 % Average bank angle 12.9 °0.1 ° min to max 21.3 ° 6.6 19.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.93 g min to max 1.11 g 0.94 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -0.6 m/s-2.0 m/s min to max 2.9 m/s 2.9 -0.8 m/s
Info Average altitude 145.6 m agl114.7 m agl min to max 165.7 m agl 154.8 114.7 m agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-0.9 ° min to max 3.2 ° 3.2 0.9 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 373 ft agl · 100 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 392 ft agl · 88 kt
Pattern Crosswind 55.00Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 23 EGPE Inverness. Distance was less than 1 nm in 26 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Heading -39.3 °-81.1 ° min to max 13.0 ° 13.0 -81.1 °
100 % Average speed 75 kn63 kn min to max 80 kn 78 63 kn
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.87 g min to max 1.20 g 1.04 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -1.6 m/s-4.1 m/s min to max 1.4 m/s -1.3 -0.4 m/s
Info Average altitude 83.5 m agl68.3 m agl min to max 113.2 m agl 113.2 72.7 m agl
Info Average bank angle 15.4 °1.3 ° min to max 22.4 ° 19.9 1.5 °
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-3.2 ° min to max 5.2 ° 0.9 2.5 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 234 ft agl · 84 kt
Pattern Downwind 70.00Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was less than 1 nm in 22 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading 4.0 °1.3 ° min to max 7.3 ° 7.3 1.3 °
0 % Average altitude 73.7 m agl70.6 m agl min to max 77.4 m agl 71.8 72.9 m agl
100 % Average speed 62 kn60 kn min to max 63 kn 62 63 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.04 g 1.02 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 0.0 m/s-0.8 m/s min to max 1.2 m/s -0.4 -0.8 m/s
Info Average bank angle 1.0 °0.2 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.8 1.2 °
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °1.4 ° min to max 5.2 ° 3.0 1.6 °
Arrival Final 2 96.96Approaching runway 05 at EGPE Inverness from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 72.1 m agl to 70.1 m agl. A decrease of 2.0 m in 4 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Approach angle 2.0 °2.0 ° min to max 2.1 °Target 3.0 ° 2.0 2.1 °
100 % Average speed 64 kn63 kn min to max 65 kn 63 65 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.2 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.0 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g1.00 g min to max 1.02 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -0.6 m/s-0.8 m/s min to max -0.4 m/s -0.8 -0.4 m/s
Info Average altitude 71.0 m agl70.1 m agl min to max 72.1 m agl 72.1 70.1 m agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.8 °1.6 ° min to max 2.0 ° 1.6 2.0 °
11.251.51.752150200250300350400Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-50-38-25-13013253850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 93.38Approaching runway 05 at EGPE Inverness from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 69.7 m agl to 11.6 m agl. A decrease of 58.1 m in 40 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
67 % Approach angle 2.5 °1.8 ° min to max 2.9 °Target 3.0 ° 2.1 1.8 °
100 % Average speed 66 kn64 kn min to max 66 kn 65 66 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.7 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 0.97 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -2.2 m/s-2.8 m/s min to max -0.3 m/s -0.4 -2.7 m/s
Info Average altitude 29.0 m agl11.6 m agl min to max 69.7 m agl 69.7 11.6 m agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-1.8 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.3 -0.6 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 72.01Landing on runway 05 at EGPE Inverness, runway length 1,814 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 66 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 66 kn. Target 70 kn
33 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -0.0 °
98 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.2 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.99 g min to max 1.08 g 1.02 1.02 g
Info Average speed 59 kn52 kn min to max 66 kn 66 52 kn
Info Average VSI -1.4 m/s-2.7 m/s min to max -0.5 m/s -2.7 -0.5 m/s
Info Average altitude 2.7 m agl0.0 m agl min to max 8.0 m agl 8.0 0.0 m agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °-0.6 ° min to max 5.3 ° -0.6 5.3 °
07515022530001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 98.84Touchdown distance was good at 254 m. Touchdown speed at 52 kn was good. Touchdown rate was excellent at -0.5 m/s. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Touchdown VSI was -0.5 m/s.
100 % Touchdown distance was 254 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 52 knTarget 53 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 0.52 m0.44 m right -0.52 -0.32 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.1 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.2 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g1.02 g min to max 1.12 g 1.02 1.04 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 51 kn51 kn min to max 52 kn 52 51 kn
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °4.9 ° min to max 5.3 ° 5.3 5.3 °

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 72 kt with 3.0° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF3.0° off5° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 0 kt 3.2° 0 s
Liftoff418 m 72 kt 3.0° 18.4 s
35 ft664 m · 5.7 s after liftoff 86 kt 5.4° 24.0 s
End of the climb2,293 m · 493 ft 102 kt 3.8° 56.6 s

Takeoff from EGPE 23

Takeoff roll100.00
462m25 %
Liftoff speed65.93
72kt
Runway alignment99.61
1.64m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.42
432fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 493 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,102 m of runway left; then climbing at 770 fpm on average to 493 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 72 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 1,814 m runway.

Rolled from 47 m in, drifted 1.6 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 25 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,0001,500THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 1.56 m RROLL 47 M INAirborne 465 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 465 m of 1,814 m · 26 %
Behind the start of the roll, 47 mTakeoff roll, 418 m Left ahead, 1,349 m

The approach to EGPE 05

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 1.7 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 350 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND228238184
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 218 m left of the centreline at 1.7 nm, then inside the band from 1.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND86 m L2 m R1 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on EGPE 05

Over the threshold

Threshold height58.40
26ft
Threshold speed97.14
65kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.02m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
256m
Centreline100.00
0.52m R
Speed100.00
51kt
Touchdown rate95.38
-94fpm
Impact100.00
1.12G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.

Wind 270° at 1 kt · 1 kt tail · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 26 ft, 24 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 256 m in, 49 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

26 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −93 fpm · 5.3° nose up · 52 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 26 ft, down at 256 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 550 fpm at 32 ft to 90 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.9° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−93 fpm at touchdown5.3° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,814 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 256 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 256 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 256 m of 1,814 m · 14 %
In the air over the runway, 256 mRollout, 0 m Left over, 1,557 m

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