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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Make small rudder corrections against a fixed point at the far end of the runway to hold the centreline during the roll.
What happened: The aircraft drifted 27 m off the runway centreline during the ground roll, and wing drift like that usually keeps reappearing as bank in the climb, with 4.8° of bank in the first climb segment and 5.4° still showing in the second.
Watch for: Heading indicator: steady on the runway centreline during the roll, then wings level through the climb.
Arrival
Use small rudder inputs against a point at the far end of the runway to hold the centreline during rollout.
What happened: During the rollout the aircraft drifted 16 m off the centreline.
Watch for: Runway centreline marks: hold the aircraft tracking straight down the centreline through rollout
See Arrival Rollout
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 12 stages, 9 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 34 kt, 23 kt below the 57 kt target, and lifted off at 52 kt 5.1 s later, the nose coming up at 4.1° a second. Climb 3 held close to its 88 kt target, at 85 kt on average.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 613 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft 84 m past the runway end; then climbing at 430 fpm on average to 613 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 297 m runway.
Rolled from 51 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 27 m at the widest, and lifted off 27 m right. Airborne 72 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 500 ft gate: no landing flap set, sink rate more than 600 fpm beyond what the glideslope needed, centreline more than 1° off and wings more than 10° from level.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: banked until 1.1 nm, left of the centreline from 0.8 nm and fast from 0.4 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 1.6 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 90 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 174 m left of the centreline at 1.6 nm, then inside it from 1.3 to 0.8 nm, then 44 m left of it from 0.8 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 32 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 19 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 1.6 nm, where the final began, to 1.0 nm (up to +29 kt), then inside the band to 0.4 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +13 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare tracked the target profile exactly. The flare was flown from 28 ft agl over the threshold, well above the target height, so the aircraft was above the profile for most of the landing. Touchdown was 85 m past the threshold. The flare cannot recover height that was never lost - fly the approach down to the aim point and the flare has somewhere to start from.
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° right of the track, 2° of bank.
Wind 267° at 3 kt · 3 kt tail · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 58 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 6 s, an average deceleration of 0.26 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 297 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 31 ft, 9 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 27 ft, 23 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 85 m in, 220 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 297 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 990 fpm at the flare to 250 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 7.9° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 297 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 11 m right on the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 85 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 249 fpm arrival was firm.
The rest of the report
The Turbo Porter taxied to runway 28 at AYLA Lae Airfield and commenced its departure roll, using 215 m which represents 72 % of the available runway. Liftoff was achieved at 52 kt. Ambient conditions were 18 °C with a wind from 228° at 3 kt, including a 2 kt cross-wind component and a 1 kt head-wind component.
During the subsequent go-around the aircraft abandoned the approach to runway 10 and climbed to 661 ft agl before re-establishing a missed-approach profile.
The final approach to runway 10 was executed from the west on a heading of 124.0° at 2 nm and 840 ft agl. Prior to this, a right-hand pattern entry from runway 28 covered less than 1 nm in 110 seconds, followed by a right-hand pattern cross-wind segment that spanned less than 1 nm in 4 seconds.
Touchdown on runway 10 occurred with a threshold speed slightly below the target at 58 kt. The aircraft contacted the surface 81 m down the runway at 51 kt, descending at a rate of 336 fpm and maintaining very good alignment. Local weather remained 18 °C, wind 3 kt from 228°, with a 2 kt cross-wind and a 1 kt tail-wind component.
Rollout continued for a total landing distance of 191 m, representing 64 % of the 297 m runway, but the aircraft finished 15.6 m off the centreline, indicating a misalignment during the final roll.
In summary, the flight covered a total distance of 3 nm, required 4 minutes of elapsed time, and consumed 0 kg of fuel.
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