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KMHK
Manhattan, United States
Runway 21
Elevation1,057 ft asl
Weight49,018 kg
Fuel18,871 kg
WindCalm

Flight Score

89.22 %
KGCK
Garden City, United States
Runway 35
Elevation2,891 ft asl
Weight47,032 kg
Fuel16,671 kg
14 May 2023 1:08 225 nm AzurPoly C-160R 2,200 kg
Departure Score
94.98 %
Enroute Score
83.23 %
Arrival Score
93.14 %

What went well

Touched down at -118 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 494 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 2.02 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Enroute Descent — 250 kt exceeded below 10,000 ft; speed limits at 0 %, −3.33 points
Enroute Level — 250 kt exceeded below 10,000 ft; speed limits at 0 %, −1.67 points
Departure Taxi — beacon light off should be on, then navigation light off should be on; peak taxi speed 31 kt at 58 %, −1.12 points
Departure Roll — landing lights off should be on, then strobe light off should be on; Takeoff distance 2,469 m at 0 %, Liftoff speed was 115 kn at 77 %, −0.55 points

Next time

Know your rotation speed

See Departure Roll

A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 19 stages, 17 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 83.20Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 8 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
58 % Average speed 10 kn0 kn min to max 31 kn 0 31 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 knmax 9 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.1 -0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.2 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 7 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 7 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 7 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 7 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl
Departure Roll 91.72Departure roll runway 21 at KMHK Manhattan Regl. Takeoff distance 2,469 m 116 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 115 kn. Local weather - Temperature 18 °C. Wind 0 kn at 225 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 2,469 m116 % of runway
77 % Liftoff speed was 115 knTarget 118 kn
81 % Runway alignment max 10.41 m6.95 m left to 3.46 m right -1.98 6.95 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.02 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-0.2 ° min to max 7.0 ° -0.0 7.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.2 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 21 KMHK Manhattan Regl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.4 -0.5 °
100 % Average speed 122 kn115 kn min to max 128 kn 115 128 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.2 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.2 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 1.02 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 366 ft/m237 ft/m min to max 537 ft/m 237 537 ft/m
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 42 ft agl 0 42 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.9 °7.1 ° min to max 9.0 ° 7.1 9.0 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 21 KMHK Manhattan Regl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.5 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 133 kn128 kn min to max 155 kn 128 155 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 1.1 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.90 g min to max 1.12 g 1.03 1.10 g
Info Average VSI 748 ft/m544 ft/m min to max 1,076 ft/m 544 1,076 ft/m
Info Average altitude 111 ft agl47 ft agl min to max 381 ft agl 47 381 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.2 °6.5 ° min to max 9.6 ° 9.0 8.9 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 119 ft agl · 136 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 21 KMHK Manhattan Regl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.9 °-1.3 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.6 -1.3 °
100 % Average speed 159 kn156 kn min to max 164 kn 156 164 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.7 ° min to max 2.0 ° 1.0 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.91 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 1.00 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,736 ft/m1,258 ft/m min to max 1,947 ft/m 1,258 1,778 ft/m
Info Average altitude 691 ft agl399 ft agl min to max 990 ft agl 399 990 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.2 °9.1 ° min to max 11.0 ° 9.1 10.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 518 ft agl · 161 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 789 ft agl · 165 kt
Enroute Climb 92.92Enroute climb started overhead Ogden (Riley County, Kansas, United States). Climbing from 2,082 ft asl to 8,218 ft asl, an increase of 6,136 ft in 6 minutes and covering 23 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Climb speed 219 kn165 kn min to max 265 knTarget 200 kn 165 247 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.2 °0.0 ° min to max 15.6 ° 1.1 0.4 °
67 % Average g force 1.02 g0.37 g min to max 1.82 g 0.99 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 1,385 ft/m-4,114 ft/m min to max 2,379 ft/m 1,818 307 ft/m
Info Average altitude 5,370 ft asl2,082 ft asl min to max 8,269 ft asl 2,082 8,218 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °-6.1 ° min to max 10.9 ° 10.2 2.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 3,536 ft agl · 225 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 3,536 ft agl · 225 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 3,622 ft agl · 225 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 3,622 ft agl · 225 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 3,661 ft agl · 232 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 3,146 ft agl · 256 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 3,146 ft agl · 256 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 3,146 ft agl · 256 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 3,345 ft agl · 262 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 3,345 ft agl · 262 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 6,593 ft agl · 258 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 6,905 ft agl · 256 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 6,905 ft agl · 256 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 7,043 ft agl · 257 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 5 miles south east of Enterprise (Dickinson County, Kansas, United States) and lasted 17 minutes, covering 75 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 8,298 ft asl8,255 ft asl min to max 8,311 ft asl 8,255 8,292 ft asl
100 % Average speed 286 kn284 kn min to max 288 kn 284 285 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.5 °0.2 ° min to max 29.2 ° 0.5 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.98 g min to max 1.16 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °1.1 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.7 1.3 °
Enroute Descent 60.00Enroute descent started 3 miles north west of Arlington (Reno County, Kansas, United States). Descent from 8,291 ft asl to 4,227 ft asl, a decrease of 4,064 ft in 3 minutes and covering 15 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 281 kn251 kn min to max 287 kn 251 284 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.1 °0.2 ° min to max 15.6 ° 0.6 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.86 g min to max 1.09 g 0.86 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -1,432 ft/m-1,580 ft/m min to max -49 ft/m -49 -601 ft/m
Info Average altitude 5,658 ft asl4,227 ft asl min to max 8,291 ft asl 8,291 4,227 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.6 °-2.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 -0.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 8,062 ft agl
Enroute Level 2 80.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles north east of Stafford (Stafford County, Kansas, United States) and lasted 8 minutes, covering 37 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 3,984 ft asl3,922 ft asl min to max 4,147 ft asl 4,147 3,925 ft asl
0 % Average speed 264 kn262 kn min to max 280 kn 280 263 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.6 °0.0 ° min to max 21.8 ° 0.5 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.98 g min to max 1.10 g 1.02 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °0.4 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.4 1.1 °

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 4,147 ft agl
Arrival 60.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 2 miles north east of Stafford (Stafford County, Kansas, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 213 kn113 kn min to max 264 kn 263 131 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.0 ° min to max 29.9 ° 0.2 2.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.82 g min to max 1.24 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 4 ft/m-1,163 ft/m min to max 924 ft/m -15 -1,047 ft/m
Info Average altitude 4,300 ft asl3,913 ft asl min to max 4,450 ft asl 3,924 4,014 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °-0.4 ° min to max 9.6 ° 1.1 2.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 3,924 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 1,862 ft agl · 282 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 1,855 ft agl · 282 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 1,846 ft agl · 282 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,846 ft agl · 282 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1,846 ft agl · 282 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,682 ft agl · 168 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,694 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 1,655 ft agl · 128 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 1,605 ft agl · 157 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 1,605 ft agl · 157 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,601 ft agl · 163 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,583 ft agl · 153 kt
Arrival Final 4 98.16Approaching runway 35 at KGCK Garden City Regl from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,107 ft agl to 994 ft agl. A decrease of 113 ft in 20 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.8 °2.7 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 3.2 °
100 % Average speed 117 kn106 kn min to max 129 kn 129 106 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.1 -0.0 °
91 % Average bank angle 2.2 °0.1 ° min to max 5.5 ° 1.1 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.95 g min to max 1.18 g 1.02 0.95 g
Info Average VSI -366 ft/m-1,024 ft/m min to max 774 ft/m -1,024 744 ft/m
Info Average altitude 985 ft agl922 ft agl min to max 1,107 ft agl 1,107 994 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °2.7 ° min to max 10.6 ° 2.7 10.5 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 6 1,042 ft agl · 125 kt
33.253.53.7548509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-100-75-50-250255075100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 3 96.50Approaching runway 35 at KGCK Garden City Regl from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 1,004 ft agl to 672 ft agl. A decrease of 332 ft in 31 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.2 °3.1 ° min to max 3.4 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 3.1 °
100 % Average speed 108 kn101 kn min to max 114 kn 104 114 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.2 °
83 % Average bank angle 4.3 °0.2 ° min to max 8.6 ° 1.2 8.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.86 g min to max 1.05 g 0.93 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -585 ft/m-852 ft/m min to max 663 ft/m 663 -838 ft/m
Info Average altitude 858 ft agl672 ft agl min to max 1,018 ft agl 1,004 672 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °2.4 ° min to max 10.1 ° 10.1 2.8 °
22.252.52.7536006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-90-68-45-23023456890Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 96.69Approaching runway 35 at KGCK Garden City Regl from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 641 ft agl to 288 ft agl. A decrease of 353 ft in 30 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.8 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 3.1 2.8 °
100 % Average speed 117 kn114 kn min to max 118 kn 114 117 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.7 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -0.5 °
83 % Average bank angle 4.2 °0.0 ° min to max 8.3 ° 5.9 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.96 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -692 ft/m-940 ft/m min to max -502 ft/m -923 -781 ft/m
Info Average altitude 467 ft agl288 ft agl min to max 641 ft agl 641 288 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °1.9 ° min to max 3.6 ° 2.3 1.9 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 432 ft agl · 124 kt
11.251.51.752200250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-70-53-35-18018355370Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 89.08Approaching runway 35 at KGCK Garden City Regl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 274 ft agl to 33 ft agl. A decrease of 241 ft in 25 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
62 % Approach angle 2.3 °2.2 ° min to max 2.7 °Target 3.0 ° 2.7 2.5 °
100 % Average speed 117 kn116 kn min to max 118 kn 117 116 kn
95 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.3 -0.0 °
88 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.1 ° min to max 6.5 ° 1.6 5.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.94 g min to max 1.10 g 0.98 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -478 ft/m-825 ft/m min to max -347 ft/m -812 -347 ft/m
Info Average altitude 72 ft agl33 ft agl min to max 274 ft agl 274 33 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °1.9 ° min to max 4.0 ° 1.9 3.7 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 90.41Landing on runway 35 at KGCK Garden City Regl, runway length 2,226 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 116 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 116 kn. Target 120 kn
90 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.0 -0.0 °
91 % Average bank angle 2.4 °0.0 ° min to max 5.3 ° 5.3 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.93 g min to max 1.08 g 0.99 0.93 g
Info Average speed 114 kn110 kn min to max 116 kn 116 110 kn
Info Average VSI -267 ft/m-361 ft/m min to max -98 ft/m -347 -108 ft/m
Info Average altitude 13 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 34 ft agl 34 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °3.5 ° min to max 5.0 ° 3.7 4.0 °
07515022530037545052501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 89.04Touchdown point was 60 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 110 kn was too fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -112 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 18 °C. Wind 9 kn at 9 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 9 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Touchdown VSI was -112 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 489 mTarget 457 m
55 % Speed at touchdown 110 knTarget 110 kn
98 % Runway alignment max 2.02 m1.81 m right -1.52 -2.02 m
99 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.5 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.94 g min to max 1.11 g 0.94 1.11 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 110 kn109 kn min to max 110 kn 110 109 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °3.5 ° min to max 3.9 ° 3.9 3.5 °
Arrival Rollout 99.06Total landing distance 1,113 m, 50 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,113 m50 % of runway.
98 % Runway alignment max 2.78 m0.65 m left to 2.13 m right -2.05 -0.54 m
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 1.00 g
Info Average speed 97 kn55 kn min to max 106 kn 106 55 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °0.1 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.4 0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.3 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 28 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 22 kn11 kn min to max 51 kn 51 13 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.3 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 5 7 ft agl · 30 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 7 ft agl · 30 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 7 ft agl · 30 kt
Arrival Taxi 86.13Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 5 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
65 % Average speed 16 kn0 kn min to max 30 kn 14 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 knmax 12 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.1 0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights ON should be OFF
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl · 9 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 115 kt with 7.1° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

180 kt12060020°10°0°LIFTOFF7.1° off9° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 32 kt 0.0° 0 s
80 kt370 m 80 kt -0.1° 12.1 s
Liftoff1,005 m 115 kt 7.1° 24.2 s
35 ft1,401 m · 6.1 s after liftoff 127 kt 8.9° 30.3 s
End of Climb 34,959 m · 990 ft 164 kt 10.2° 75 s

Takeoff from KMHK 21

Takeoff roll100.00
1,008m47 %
Liftoff speed77.33
115kt
Runway alignment81.27
6.95m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb100.00
365fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 990 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 724 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,160 fpm on average to 990 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 115 ktSCALE CHANGES2.8 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,132 m runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted left of the centreline, 7 m at the widest, and lifted off 7.1 m left. Airborne 47 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 7.04 m LAirborne 1,012 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,012 m of 2,132 m · 47 %
Behind the start of the roll, 7 mTakeoff roll, 1,005 m Left ahead, 1,121 m

The approach to KGCK 35

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 110 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,307926727531350173
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 7× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 51 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR128 m L0128 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND51 m R10 m R9 m L19 m R34 m R5 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on KGCK 35

Over the threshold

Threshold height75.80
34ft
Threshold speed99.19
115kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.02m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
494m
Centreline98.28
2.02m R
Speed55.05
110kt
Touchdown rate93.46
-118fpm
Impact100.00
1.11G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No wind recorded: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 107 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 25 s, an average deceleration of 0.17 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012060 kt · 599 m30 kt · 826 mtouchdown859 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 34 ft, 16 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 494 m in, 190 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

34 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −112 fpm · 4° nose up · 110 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 34 ft, down at 494 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 360 fpm at 37 ft to 110 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−112 fpm at touchdown4° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,226 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 2 m right of the centreline, and stayed within 2.1 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 494 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 494 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,090 m of 2,226 m · 49 %
In the air over the runway, 494 mRollout, 596 m Left over, 1,136 m
Rollout distance100.00
596m49 % used
Rollout alignment97.92
2.13m R

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