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PALH
Anchorage, United States
Runway 43W
Elevation69 ft asl
Weight3,063 kg
Fuel292 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn

Flight Score

82.25 %
8AK6
Susitna Station, United States
Runway 35
Elevation69 ft asl
Weight3,063 kg
Fuel258 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn · 2 kn cross
21 Jun 2025 0:16 17 nm Grumman Goose 34 kg
Departure Score
86.42 %
Enroute Score
97.56 %
Arrival Score
62.76 %

What went well

Touchdown 275 m in — inside the full-score zone
Airborne in 108 m — 8 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was excessively high at 100 kt at 0 %, Landing and flare profile at 0 %, −7.51 points
Arrival Touchdown — Speed at touchdown 96 kt at 27 %, Landing Bounce at 40 %, −3.70 points
Departure Roll — Takeoff Bounce at 0 %, Liftoff speed was 60 kt at 77 %, −3.21 points

Next time

Keep the approach speed on target

See Arrival Landing

Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.

Read more in VRef Explained

Start to finish · 11 stages, 10 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 43W at PALH Lake Hood Seaplane Base, Average speed was 29 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 28 kt1 kt min to max 40 kt 1 40 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °1.3 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.0 1.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.7 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 0.99 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 2 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 3 kt
Departure Roll 71.08Departure roll runway 43W at PALH Lake Hood Seaplane Base. Takeoff distance 108 m 8 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kt. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kt Headwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 108 m8 % of runway
77 % Liftoff speed was 60 ktTarget 75 kt
79 % Runway alignment max 8.94 m0.00 m left to 8.94 m right -8.94 -7.92 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.93 g min to max 1.11 g 0.99 0.99 g
0 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.8 °0.3 ° min to max 3.1 ° 1.7 3.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.3 0.5 °
Departure Climb 1 98.33Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 43W PALH Lake Hood Seaplane Base.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Heading variation 1.0 °0.3 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.6 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 79 kt60 kt min to max 95 kt 60 95 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.5 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.75 g min to max 1.24 g 0.87 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 458 fpm253 fpm min to max 580 fpm 253 393 fpm
Info Average altitude 7 ft agl-4 ft agl min to max 39 ft agl 0 39 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.0 °2.6 ° min to max 11.8 ° 3.2 8.1 °
Departure Climb 2 89.84Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 43W PALH Lake Hood Seaplane Base.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-1.3 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 101 kt94 kt min to max 106 kt 95 106 kt
59 % Average bank angle 8.3 °0.0 ° min to max 17.4 ° 1.6 17.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.16 g0.76 g min to max 1.30 g 1.03 0.88 g
Info Average VSI 895 fpm2 fpm min to max 1,561 fpm 395 1,412 fpm
Info Average altitude 187 ft agl40 ft agl min to max 385 ft agl 40 385 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.7 °3.4 ° min to max 14.0 ° 8.1 9.8 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 71 ft agl · 98 kt
Info Bounce during liftoff 143 ft agl · 97 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 242 ft agl · 95 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead LHD Lake Hood Anchorage (Alaska, United States). Climbing from 488 ft asl to 1,799 ft asl, an increase of 1,311 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 120 kt106 kt min to max 126 kt 106 115 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.1 °0.0 ° min to max 21.8 ° 19.8 21.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.83 g min to max 1.40 g 0.91 0.86 g
Info Average VSI 567 fpm-132 fpm min to max 1,332 fpm 1,195 1,085 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,238 ft asl488 ft asl min to max 1,799 ft asl 488 1,799 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °1.5 ° min to max 11.3 ° 8.6 6.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 99.54Enroute descent started overhead 6AK2 Sleepers Strip Airport Point Mackenzie (Alaska, United States). Descent from 1,810 ft asl to 1,249 ft asl, a decrease of 561 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 127 kt115 kt min to max 138 kt 115 133 kt
100 % Average bank angle 5.1 °0.0 ° min to max 26.4 ° 22.5 0.1 °
95 % Average g force 1.01 g0.84 g min to max 1.66 g 0.99 0.93 g
Info Average VSI -346 fpm-1,825 fpm min to max 812 fpm 812 -584 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,672 ft asl1,249 ft asl min to max 1,911 ft asl 1,810 1,249 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-7.0 ° min to max 6.8 ° 6.3 -1.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 90.68Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south east of 0AK9 Falcon Lake Strip Point Mackenzie (Alaska, United States) and lasted 9 minutes, covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Average altitude 511 ft asl150 ft asl min to max 1,237 ft asl 1,237 373 ft asl
100 % Average speed 116 kt79 kt min to max 154 kt 133 136 kt
79 % Average bank angle 5.5 °0.0 ° min to max 50.3 ° 0.0 14.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.64 g min to max 1.37 g 0.92 1.06 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °-5.9 ° min to max 15.8 ° -1.6 -0.7 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 279 ft agl · 126 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 140 ft agl · 99 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 436 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 546 ft agl · 98 kt
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started overhead 8AK6 Little Susitna Airport Susitna Station (Alaska, United States). Climbing from 365 ft asl to 336 ft asl, an increase of 30 ft in 2 minutes and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 115 kt98 kt min to max 136 kt 136 100 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.2 °0.1 ° min to max 26.1 ° 13.0 2.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.70 g min to max 1.31 g 1.31 1.09 g
Info Average VSI -18 fpm-1,324 fpm min to max 1,612 fpm -512 -944 fpm
Info Average altitude 700 ft asl316 ft asl min to max 1,112 ft asl 365 336 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °-3.9 ° min to max 11.9 ° 2.2 0.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 999 ft agl · 114 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 664 ft agl · 113 kt
Arrival Final 1 89.16Approaching runway 35 at 8AK6 Little Susitna Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 254 ft agl to 81 ft agl. A decrease of 173 ft in 11 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
54 % Approach angle 4.7 °4.6 ° min to max 4.9 °Target 3.0 ° 4.7 4.6 °
100 % Average speed 100 kt100 kt min to max 100 kt 100 100 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
92 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.4 ° min to max 6.4 ° 4.4 1.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -865 fpm-944 fpm min to max -650 fpm -810 -936 fpm
Info Average altitude 146 ft agl81 ft agl min to max 254 ft agl 254 81 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.8 ° min to max 1.1 ° 1.1 -0.2 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-20-15-10-505101520Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 32.40Landing on runway 35 at 8AK6 Little Susitna Airport, runway length 805 m. Threshold height at 81 ft agl was significantly above target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 100 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 100 kt. Target 65 kt
0 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° -0.2 0.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.2 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.8 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.11 g 1.03 0.95 g
Info Average speed 98 kt96 kt min to max 100 kt 100 96 kt
Info Average VSI -825 fpm-935 fpm min to max -682 fpm -934 -691 fpm
Info Average altitude 41 ft agl10 ft agl min to max 81 ft agl 81 10 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-0.7 ° min to max 1.8 ° -0.2 0.5 °
07515022530037545001631476278Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 66.73Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 96 kt was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was heavy at -691 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 8.1 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
80 % Touchdown VSI was -691 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 272 mTarget 421 m
27 % Speed at touchdown 96 ktTarget below 68 kt
81 % Runway alignment max 8.14 m5.70 m left 1.70 7.62 m
81 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 3.7 ° 1.2 3.0 °
84 % Average g force 1.02 g0.58 g min to max 2.07 g 0.95 1.26 g
40 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 87 kt79 kt min to max 96 kt 96 79 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °-0.8 ° min to max 10.5 ° 0.5 4.6 °

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 59 kt with 3.1° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF3.1° off7° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 41 kt 1.7° 0 s
Liftoff108 m · target 75 59 kt 3.1° 4.1 s
35 ft569 m · 11.5 s after liftoff 93 kt 7.5° 15.6 s
End of the climb1,655 m · 385 ft 106 kt 9.8° 98 s

Takeoff from PALH 43W

Takeoff roll100.00
108m8 %
Liftoff speed76.87
59kttarget 75, 16 slow
Runway alignment78.53
8.94m R
Bounce on takeoff0.00
Yes
Rate of climb98.33
458fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 385 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 640 m of runway left; then climbing at 250 fpm on average to 385 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 59 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 1,376 m runway.

Rolled from 166 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 8.9 m at the widest, and lifted off 7.8 m right. Airborne 19 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 8.88 m RROLL 166 M INAirborne 274 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 274 m of 1,376 m · 20 %
Behind the start of the roll, 166 mTakeoff roll, 108 m Left ahead, 1,101 m

The approach to 8AK6 35

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to 0.5 nm (up to 260 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND598349
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to 0.7 nm, then drifted 42 m right between 0.7 and 0.3 nm, then inside the band from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND218 m L38 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to +38 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120140 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 65+38 kt+35 kt+35 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on 8AK6 35

Over the threshold

Threshold height29.60
80ft
Threshold speed0.00
99kttarget 65, 34 fast
Centreline offset100.00
0.05m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
275m
Centreline81.46
8.14m L
Speed26.86
96kttarget 68, 28 fast
Touchdown rate79.62
-691fpm
Impact83.71
2.07G
Bounces40.00
3
The crosswind

Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 270° at 2 kt · 0 kt tail · 1 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 805 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 80 ft, 30 ft above the 50 ft target. Touched down 275 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 805 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

80 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −691 fpm · 0.5° nose up · 96 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 80 ft, down at 275 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 1,100 fpm at 78 ft to 280 fpm at 1 ft, then back up to 690 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 0.8° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−750−1,500−1°4°10°touchdown−691 fpm at touchdown0.5° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 805 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 7.6 m left of the centreline.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 1 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 275 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 275 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 2.07 G arrival bounced 3 times.

Runway used 275 m of 805 m · 34 %
In the air over the runway, 275 mRollout, 0 m Left over, 531 m

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with a departure roll from runway 43W at the Lake Hood Seaplane Base, where the Grumman Goose aircraft took off with a takeoff distance of 108 meters, which was 8% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 60 knots. At the time of departure, the local weather conditions were characterized by a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 2 knots from a direction of 270 degrees, resulting in a negligible crosswind and a headwind of 2 knots.

As the aircraft climbed, it started its enroute climb overhead Lake Hood Anchorage, ascending from an altitude of 488 feet above sea level to 1,799 feet above sea level, an increase of 1,311 feet in just 2 minutes, while covering a distance of 4 nautical miles. The climb was followed by a descent from 1,810 feet above sea level to 1,249 feet above sea level, a decrease of 561 feet in 2 minutes, covering a distance of 3 nautical miles, which started overhead the Sleepers Strip Airport at Point Mackenzie.

The aircraft then entered a level cruise, starting 2 miles southeast of the Falcon Lake Strip at Point Mackenzie, and lasted for 9 minutes, covering a distance of 8 nautical miles. The cruise was followed by another climb, this time from 365 feet above sea level to 336 feet above sea level, an increase of 30 feet in 2 minutes, covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile, which started overhead the Little Susitna Airport at Susitna Station.

The final approach to runway 35 at the Little Susitna Airport was made from the south, heading 0.0 degrees at 0 nautical miles and 254 feet above ground level. However, the landing was not without issues. The threshold height at 81 feet above ground level was significantly above the target, and the threshold speed was excessively high at 100 knots. The touchdown point was very long, using more than 50% of the available runway, and the touchdown speed at 96 knots was excessively fast. The touchdown rate was heavy at -691 feet per minute, and the runway touchdown position was misaligned by 8.1 meters from the centerline.

The local weather conditions at the time of landing were the same as at the time of departure, with a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 2 knots from a direction of 270 degrees, resulting in a negligible crosswind and a headwind of 0 knots. The total flight distance was 17 nautical miles, taking 16 minutes, and the aircraft used 34 kilograms of fuel.

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