KBUF to CYYZ Flight Report - Cessna CJ4 Citation

Flight from KBUF to CYYZ

Sunday, 23 March 2025 10:34

Minutes 28

60 nm

Fuel 343 lbs

Cessna CJ4 Citation

Departure

Runway 32 at KBUF

Buffalo Niagara International Airport

Buffalo, New York, United States

Altitude

702 ft asl

Weight

12,279 lbs

Fuel

1,339 lbs

Temperature

25 °F

Wind Speed

8 kt

Wind Direction

300.0 °

Headwind

8 kt

Crosswind

0 kt

Arrival

Runway 33L at CYYZ

Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport

Toronto Ontario, Canada

545 ft asl

Altitude

12,144 lbs

Weight

996 lbs

Fuel

21 °F

Temperature

6 kt

Wind Speed

290.0 °

Wind Direction

5 kt

Headwind

2 kt

Crosswind

Flight Score 94.5%

Departure Score 95.74%

Enroute Score 98.22%

Arrival Score 89.53%

The flight began with the aircraft, a Cessna CJ4 Citation, taxiing from the parking area to the runway at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport. This process took approximately 8 minutes and covered a distance of 1 nautical mile. The aircraft then departed from runway 32, with a takeoff distance of 808 meters, which accounted for 43% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 157 knots.

The local weather conditions at the time of departure were characterized by a temperature of -1 °C, with a wind speed of 8 knots coming from a direction of 299 °. This resulted in a crosswind of 1 knot and a headwind of 8 knots. The aircraft then began its enroute climb, starting 1 mile east of Eggertsville, New York. During this climb, the aircraft ascended from an altitude of 1,674 feet above sea level to 3,692 feet above sea level, an increase of 2,018 feet, in just 2 minutes, covering a distance of 6 nautical miles.

Following the enroute climb, the aircraft entered a level cruise phase, which began 1 mile northwest of Tonawanda, New York. This phase lasted for 10 minutes and covered a distance of 39 nautical miles. The aircraft then started its enroute descent, beginning 3 miles southeast of New Toronto, Ontario, Canada. During this descent, the aircraft decreased its altitude from 3,089 feet above sea level to 2,190 feet above sea level, a decrease of 899 feet, in 3 minutes, covering a distance of 7 nautical miles.

The final approach to runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport was made from the southeast, with a heading of 317.0 °, at an altitude of 1,627 feet above ground level, and a distance of 4 nautical miles from the runway. The aircraft then landed on runway 33L, which had a length of 2,408 meters. The threshold height was good, but the threshold speed was too high at 117 knots. The touchdown point was 269 meters beyond the touchdown zone, with a touchdown speed of 109 knots, which was considered fast. The touchdown rate was good at -152 feet per minute.

The runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned from the centreline by 7.0 meters. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of -6 °C, with a wind speed of 6 knots coming from a direction of 290 °. This resulted in a crosswind of 3 knots and a headwind of 5 knots. The total landing distance was 1,664 meters, which accounted for 69% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was also misaligned from the centreline by 15.8 meters.

The aircraft then taxiied to the parking area from the runway, taking approximately 15 minutes and covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The total flight distance was 60 nautical miles, taking a total of 28 minutes, and the aircraft used 156 kilograms of fuel during the flight.

Flight Map

Replay this flight in 3D — the full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.

Flight Stages KBUF to CYYZ

Click on a stage to view more detailed information

Departure Taxi

100 %

Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 8 minutes and covered 1 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 9 kt 0 kt min to max 18 kt	0		4 kt
100 %	Average speed turning corners 0 kt max 0 kt	0		0 kt
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.98 g min to max 1.01 g	0.98		1.00 g
Info	Average pitch angle -1.8 ° -2.0 ° min to max -1.5 °	-1.9		-2.0 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.3 °	0.3		0.2 °
Info	Battery Master On at 10:34:38
Info	Engine 1 Started at 10:34:38
Info	Beacon Lights Switched On at 10:34:38
Info	Strobe Lights Switched On at 10:34:38
Info	Landing Gear Down at 10:34:38
Info	Parking Brake On at 10:34:38
Info	Taxi Lights Switched On at 10:36:13
Info	Engine 2 Started at 10:36:34
Info	Flaps Position 1 at 10:36:41
Info	Parking Brake Off at 10:36:50

Departure Runway Entry

Entering runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport, Average speed was 19 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
Info	Average speed 15 kt 0 kt min to max 39 kt	5		39 kt
Info	Average pitch angle -2.2 ° -2.5 ° min to max -2.0 °	-2.0		-2.0 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.2 °	0.2		0.1 °
Info	Average g force 1.00 g 0.99 g min to max 1.04 g	1.00		1.02 g
Info	Navigation Lights Switched On at 10:46:25
Info	Landing Lights Switched On at 10:46:27
Info	Taxi Lights Switched Off at 10:46:27
Info	Landing Lights Switched Off at 10:46:30
Info	Taxi Lights Switched On at 10:46:30
Info	Autopilot Flight Director Activated at 10:46:59

Departure Roll

78.71 %

Departure roll runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport. Takeoff distance 808 m 43 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 157 kt. Local weather - Temperature -1 °C. Wind 8 kt at 299 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 8 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Takeoff distance 808 m 43 % of runway
70.28 %	Liftoff speed was 157 kt Target 130 kt
48.28 %	Runway alignment max 17.24 m 17.24 m left to 0.00 m left	9.93		17.24 m
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.97 g min to max 1.04 g	1.01		1.01 g
100 %	Takeoff Bounce
Info	Average pitch angle -1.6 ° -2.1 ° min to max -0.3 °	-2.0		-0.4 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.5 °	0.1		0.5 °
0 %	Landing Lights at 10:47:38

Departure Climb 1

100 %

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation -0.7 ° -0.8 ° min to max -0.6 °	-0.8		-0.6 °
100 %	Average speed 175 kt 158 kt min to max 184 kt	158		184 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 0.5 ° 0.2 ° min to max 1.0 °	0.5		0.6 °
100 %	Average g force 1.06 g 1.01 g min to max 1.08 g	1.02		1.03 g
Info	Average VSI 489 fpm 278 fpm min to max 700 fpm	278		700 fpm
Info	Average altitude 17 ft agl -1 ft agl min to max 47 ft agl	-1		47 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 1.6 ° -0.4 ° min to max 2.6 °	-0.4		2.6 °

Departure Climb 2

100 %

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation -0.5 ° -0.6 ° min to max -0.1 °	-0.6		-0.1 °
100 %	Average speed 189 kt 185 kt min to max 198 kt	185		198 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 0.8 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.2 °	0.6		0.0 °
100 %	Average g force 1.03 g 0.90 g min to max 1.15 g	1.03		0.92 g
Info	Average VSI 959 fpm 704 fpm min to max 2,426 fpm	704		2,244 fpm
Info	Average altitude 95 ft agl 48 ft agl min to max 381 ft agl	48		381 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 3.2 ° 2.6 ° min to max 7.3 °	2.6		5.6 °
Info	Landing Gear Up at 10:48:04

Departure Climb 3

100 %

Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation 0.2 ° -0.1 ° min to max 0.4 °	-0.1		0.4 °
100 %	Average speed 209 kt 199 kt min to max 221 kt	199		221 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.1 ° min to max 0.7 °	0.1		0.6 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.71 g min to max 1.33 g	0.92		1.13 g
100 %	Landing gear up
Info	Average VSI 1,509 fpm 483 fpm min to max 2,110 fpm	2,110		1,360 fpm
Info	Average altitude 679 ft agl 414 ft agl min to max 940 ft agl	414		940 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 3.7 ° 1.3 ° min to max 5.2 °	5.2		5.0 °
Info	Autopilot Master Switched On at 10:48:21
Info	Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated at 10:48:21
Info	Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated at 10:48:23
Info	Flaps Fully Retracted at 10:48:36

Enroute Climb

94.66 %

Enroute climb started 1 mile east of Eggertsville (New York, United States). Climbing from 1,674 ft asl to 3,692 ft asl, an increase of 2,018 ft in 2 minutes and covering 6 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
86.64 %	Average speed 254 kt 224 kt min to max 271 kt	224		240 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 1.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 3.2 °	0.4		0.2 °
100 %	Average g force 0.99 g 0.87 g min to max 1.08 g	1.03		0.90 g
Info	Average VSI 1,475 fpm 302 fpm min to max 1,575 fpm	1,514		302 fpm
Info	Average altitude 2,290 ft asl 1,674 ft asl min to max 3,692 ft asl	1,674		3,692 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle 3.5 ° 0.6 ° min to max 4.9 °	4.9		0.6 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Overspeed Warning Activated at 10:48:58
Info	Overspeed Warning Deactivated at 10:49:14
Info	Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft at 10:48:55

Enroute Level

100 %

Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of Tonawanda (New York, United States) and lasted 10 minutes, covering 39 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average altitude 3,668 ft asl 3,252 ft asl min to max 3,689 ft asl	3,689		3,252 ft asl
100 %	Average speed 243 kt 181 kt min to max 250 kt	240		181 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 7.7 ° 0.0 ° min to max 31.4 °	3.0		1.4 °
100 %	Average g force 1.02 g 0.93 g min to max 1.17 g	1.00		0.93 g
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Average pitch angle 0.3 ° -2.6 ° min to max 0.9 °	0.4		-2.6 °
Info	Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated at 10:50:39
Info	Autopilot Heading Hold Activated at 10:52:00
Info	Landing Lights Switched On at 10:56:53
Info	Taxi Lights Switched Off at 10:56:53
Info	Flaps Position 1 at 11:00:05

Enroute Descent

100 %

Enroute descent started 3 miles south east of New Toronto (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 3,089 ft asl to 2,190 ft asl, a decrease of 899 ft in 3 minutes and covering 7 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 162 kt 151 kt min to max 177 kt	177		160 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 0.7 ° 0.2 ° min to max 2.4 °	0.2		0.3 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.98 g min to max 1.02 g	1.00		1.00 g
Info	Average VSI -513 fpm -1,107 fpm min to max 81 fpm	-976		-1,082 fpm
Info	Average altitude 2,423 ft asl 2,190 ft asl min to max 3,089 ft asl	3,089		2,190 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle -0.7 ° -3.3 ° min to max 1.9 °	-2.9		-2.7 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated at 11:02:44
Info	Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated at 11:02:44
Info	Landing Gear Down at 11:03:01

Arrival Final 4

87.5 %

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,627 ft agl to 1,184 ft agl. A decrease of 443 ft in 20 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
58.35 %	Approach angle 3.9 ° 3.7 ° min to max 4.0 ° Target 3.0 °	4.0		3.7 °
100 %	Average speed 156 kt 154 kt min to max 162 kt	162		155 kt
100 %	Heading variation 0.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.1 °	0.1		0.0 °
100 %	Average bank angle 0.7 ° 0.1 ° min to max 1.4 °	0.1		0.2 °
100 %	Average g force 0.99 g 0.93 g min to max 1.02 g	1.01		0.99 g
Info	Average VSI -1,252 fpm -1,529 fpm min to max -1,070 fpm	-1,070		-1,467 fpm
Info	Average altitude 1,416 ft agl 1,184 ft agl min to max 1,627 ft agl	1,627		1,184 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -3.3 ° -4.3 ° min to max -2.6 °	-2.7		-4.3 °
Info	Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated at 11:03:09
Info	Autopilot Approach Mode Activated at 11:03:12

Arrival Final 3

98.69 %

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 1,161 ft agl to 653 ft agl. A decrease of 508 ft in 22 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
95.64 %	Approach angle 3.3 ° 3.0 ° min to max 3.7 ° Target 3.0 °	3.7		3.0 °
100 %	Average speed 155 kt 152 kt min to max 157 kt	155		152 kt
100 %	Heading variation 0.0 ° -0.0 ° min to max 0.0 °	0.0		0.0 °
100 %	Average bank angle 0.7 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.2 °	0.5		0.7 °
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.96 g min to max 1.10 g	0.96		1.00 g
Info	Average VSI -1,348 fpm -1,542 fpm min to max -853 fpm	-1,480		-855 fpm
Info	Average altitude 882 ft agl 653 ft agl min to max 1,161 ft agl	1,161		653 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -3.4 ° -4.5 ° min to max -1.5 °	-4.4		-1.5 °
Info	Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated at 11:03:46

Arrival Final 2

100 %

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 639 ft agl to 316 ft agl. A decrease of 323 ft in 27 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Approach angle 2.9 ° 2.9 ° min to max 3.0 ° Target 3.0 °	3.0		2.9 °
100 %	Average speed 140 kt 131 kt min to max 151 kt	151		131 kt
100 %	Heading variation 0.0 ° -0.0 ° min to max 0.1 °	0.0		0.1 °
100 %	Average bank angle 1.1 ° 0.2 ° min to max 2.0 °	0.5		1.4 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.98 g min to max 1.04 g	1.01		0.99 g
Info	Average VSI -727 fpm -849 fpm min to max -638 fpm	-849		-638 fpm
Info	Average altitude 469 ft agl 316 ft agl min to max 639 ft agl	639		316 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -0.2 ° -1.4 ° min to max 0.7 °	-1.4		0.6 °

Arrival Final 1

99.89 %

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 305 ft agl to 46 ft agl. A decrease of 259 ft in 25 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Approach angle 2.6 ° 2.4 ° min to max 2.9 ° Target 3.0 °	2.9		2.4 °
100 %	Average speed 119 kt 116 kt min to max 131 kt	131		118 kt
100 %	Heading variation 0.1 ° -0.1 ° min to max 0.2 °	0.0		-0.0 °
99.44 %	Average bank angle 1.8 ° 0.1 ° min to max 3.6 °	0.9		0.2 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.98 g min to max 1.04 g	0.99		1.04 g
Info	Average VSI -561 fpm -681 fpm min to max -514 fpm	-654		-571 fpm
Info	Average altitude 106 ft agl 46 ft agl min to max 305 ft agl	305		46 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 2.5 ° 0.7 ° min to max 3.3 °	0.7		3.3 °

Arrival Landing

87.44 %

Landing on runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, runway length 2,408 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was too high at 117 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
69.39 %	Threshold speed was too high at 117 kt. Target 93 kt
100 %	Target 50 ft agl
81.84 %	Landing and flare profile
100 %	Heading variation -0.2 ° -0.3 ° min to max -0.0 °	-0.0		-0.2 °
96.31 %	Average bank angle 2.3 ° 0.3 ° min to max 3.8 °	0.3		1.4 °
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.86 g min to max 1.23 g	1.04		1.04 g
Info	Average speed 114 kt 109 kt min to max 117 kt	117		109 kt
Info	Average VSI -254 fpm -565 fpm min to max 125 fpm	-565		-152 fpm
Info	Average altitude 16 ft agl 3 ft agl min to max 41 ft agl	41		4 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 4.0 ° 3.0 ° min to max 5.8 °	3.4		4.1 °
Info	Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated at 11:04:54
Info	Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated at 11:04:54

Arrival Touchdown

88.1 %

Touchdown point was 269 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 109 kt was fast. Touchdown rate was good at -152 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.0 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature -6 °C. Wind 6 kt at 290 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Headwind: 5 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
98.21 %	Touchdown VSI was -152 fpm.
88.33 %	Touchdown distance was 564 m Target 457 m
77.67 %	Speed at touchdown 109 kt Target below 91 kt
85.53 %	Runway alignment max 8.27 m 3.21 m right	-7.02		1.26 m
100 %	Average bank angle 0.4 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.4 °	1.4		0.4 °
100 %	Average g force 1.04 g 0.65 g min to max 1.45 g	1.04		1.11 g
80 %	Landing Bounce
Info	Average speed 108 kt 105 kt min to max 111 kt	109		105 kt
Info	Average pitch angle 2.5 ° -2.4 ° min to max 5.1 °	4.1		-2.0 °

Arrival Rollout

79.09 %

Total landing distance 1,664 m, 69 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 15.8 m from centreline.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Landing distance 1,664 m 69 % of runway.
53.52 %	Runway alignment max 15.80 m 15.80 m left to 0.00 m left	2.09		1.18 m
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.96 g min to max 1.11 g	1.11		1.00 g
Info	Average speed 86 kt 55 kt min to max 96 kt	96		55 kt
Info	Average pitch angle -1.5 ° -2.2 ° min to max -1.0 °	-1.4		-1.4 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.8 °	0.1		0.2 °

Runway Exit

Exiting runway, average speed 46 kt

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
Info	Average speed 39 kt 26 kt min to max 49 kt	49		26 kt
Info	Average pitch angle -1.7 ° -2.1 ° min to max -1.4 °	-1.4		-2.1 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.1 ° min to max 0.5 °	0.2		0.3 °
Info	Average g force 0.99 g 0.98 g min to max 1.01 g	0.98		0.98 g
Info	Flaps Fully Retracted at 11:05:34
Info	Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated at 11:05:38

Arrival Taxi

75.55 %

Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 15 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
46 %	Average speed 11 kt 0 kt min to max 33 kt	20		0 kt
100 %	Average speed turning corners 10 kt max 11 kt	0		0 kt
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.98 g min to max 1.02 g	0.98		1.00 g
Info	Average pitch angle -1.9 ° -2.5 ° min to max -1.4 °	-2.2		-1.8 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.7 °	0.3		0.0 °
Info	Parking Brake On at 11:05:51
Info	Landing Lights Switched Off at 11:06:18
Info	Taxi Lights Switched On at 11:06:18
Info	Parking Brake Off at 11:09:39
Info	Autopilot Master Switched Off at 11:09:40
Info	Parking Brake On at 11:15:33
Info	Autopilot Flight Director Deactivated at 11:17:43
Info	Taxi Lights Switched Off at 11:20:42
Info	Engine 1 Stopped at 11:21:23
100 %	Taxi Lights at 11:12:46

Takeoff on runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport in the Cessna CJ4 Citation

95.74 %

100 %

Taxi

Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 8 minutes and covered 1 nm.

Taxi Lights

100 %

Switched On

Speed

100 %

Turn Speed

100 %

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

78.71 %

Takeoff Roll

Takeoff Distance

100 %

Roll distance of 2,651 ft using 43.39 % of runway

Liftoff Speed

70.28 %

Liftoff speed was 157 kn - Target 130 kn

Alignment

48.28 %

56.6 ft left to 0.0 ft left

Bounce

100 %

No Bounce Detected

Strobe Lights

100 %

Switched On

Landing Lights

0 %

Switched On

100 %

Speed

Info

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

100 %

Climb 1

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

100 %

Climb 2

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

100 %

Climb 3

Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

Landing on runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport in the Cessna CJ4 Citation

Landing Score 88.63 %

Landing Summary

The Cessna CJ4 Citation aircraft successfully landed at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, but with some areas for improvement. The final approach was conducted from the southeast, heading 317.0° at 4 nautical miles and 1,627 feet above ground level (agl). The aircraft touched down on runway 33L, which has a length of 2,408 meters.

The threshold height was satisfactory, but the threshold speed was too high at 117 knots. This indicates that the pilot may have been able to flare the aircraft more effectively to reduce the touchdown speed. The touchdown point was 269 meters beyond the touchdown zone, which suggests that the pilot may have been able to make a more precise touchdown. The touchdown speed of 109 knots was also faster than ideal, and the touchdown rate of -152 feet per minute was good.

The runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.0 meters from the centerline, which may have been due to a slight deviation in the approach or during the flare. The local weather conditions were not particularly challenging, with a temperature of -6°C and a wind of 6 knots at 290°. The crosswind was minimal at 3 knots, and the headwind was 5 knots, which helped to reduce the landing distance.

The total landing distance was 1,664 meters, which is 69% of the runway length. This is a relatively long landing distance, and it may be worth investigating the factors that contributed to this, such as the touchdown speed and the flare technique. The runway rollout alignment was also misaligned by 15.8 meters from the centerline, which may have been due to a slight deviation in the rollout or a failure to maintain alignment.

Overall, the landing was successful, but there are areas for improvement, particularly in terms of reducing the touchdown speed and improving the flare technique. With some adjustments to the approach and landing technique, the pilot may be able to achieve a more precise and efficient landing.

87.5 %

Final 4

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,627 ft agl to 1,184 ft agl. A decrease of 443 ft in 20 seconds.

Glideslope

58.35 %

Poor descent path above glideslope limit

Heading

100 %

Excellent heading alignment

Glideslope

58.35 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

98.69 %

Final 3

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 1,161 ft agl to 653 ft agl. A decrease of 508 ft in 22 seconds.

Glideslope

95.64 %

Good glideslope alignment

Heading

100 %

Excellent heading alignment

Glideslope

95.64 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

100 %

Final 2

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 639 ft agl to 316 ft agl. A decrease of 323 ft in 27 seconds.

Glideslope

100 %

Excellent glideslope alignment

Heading

100 %

Excellent heading alignment

Glideslope

100 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

99.89 %

Final 1

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 305 ft agl to 46 ft agl. A decrease of 259 ft in 25 seconds.

Glideslope

100 %

Excellent glideslope alignment

Heading

100 %

Excellent heading alignment

Glideslope

100 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

99.44 %

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

87.44 %

Landing

Landing on runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, runway length 2,408 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was too high at 117 kt.

Height

100 %

Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl

Speed

69.39 %

Threshold speed was too high at 117 kt. Target 93 kt

Flare

81.84 %

Very good landing flare

Heading

100 %

Bank