KBUF to CYYZ Flight Report - Cessna CJ4 Citation

Flight from KBUF to CYYZ

Monday, 31 March 2025 18:51

Minutes 32

67 nm

Fuel 403 lbs

Cessna CJ4 Citation

Departure

Runway 23 at KBUF

Buffalo Niagara International Airport

Buffalo, New York, United States

Altitude

702 ft asl

Weight

12,029 lbs

Fuel

1,339 lbs

Temperature

45 °F

Wind Speed

25 kt

Wind Direction

230.0 °

Headwind

25 kt

Crosswind

2 kt

Arrival

Runway 33L at CYYZ

Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport

Toronto Ontario, Canada

545 ft asl

Altitude

11,626 lbs

Weight

936 lbs

Fuel

43 °F

Temperature

22 kt

Wind Speed

300.0 °

Wind Direction

21 kt

Headwind

6 kt

Crosswind

Flight Score 91.09%

Departure Score 94.5%

Enroute Score 96.51%

Arrival Score 82.27%

The flight began with a taxiing period from the parking to the runway, which took 10 minutes and covered a distance of 2 nautical miles. The aircraft, a Cessna CJ4 Citation, then departed from runway 23 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport. The takeoff distance was 1,035 meters, which accounted for 45% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 164 knots.

The local weather conditions at the time of departure were characterized by a temperature of 10 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 27 knots from a direction of 229 degrees. This resulted in a crosswind of 3 knots and a headwind of 27 knots. The aircraft then began its enroute climb, starting overhead Sloan in New York, United States. The climb took 6 minutes and covered a distance of 21 nautical miles, during which the aircraft ascended from an altitude of 1,654 feet above sea level to 7,836 feet above sea level, an increase of 6,181 feet.

Following the enroute climb, the aircraft entered a level cruise, starting 2 miles south east of CYSN Niagara District Airport in Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada. This cruise lasted for 2 minutes and covered a distance of 7 nautical miles. The aircraft then began its enroute descent, starting 3 miles north west of St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. The descent took 5 minutes and covered a distance of 20 nautical miles, during which the aircraft descended from an altitude of 8,335 feet above sea level to 2,972 feet above sea level, a decrease of 5,363 feet.

The aircraft then entered another level cruise, starting 4 miles south of New Toronto, Ontario, Canada. This cruise lasted for 2 minutes and covered a distance of 8 nautical miles. The final approach to runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport was made from the south east, heading 309.0 degrees at a distance of 3 nautical miles and an altitude of 1,742 feet above ground level.

The landing on runway 33L was successful, with a touchdown distance of 369 meters, which was 45% of the runway length. However, the threshold speed was excessively high at 145 knots, and the touchdown speed was excessively fast at 136 knots. The touchdown rate was fair at -280 feet per minute, and the runway touchdown alignment was very good. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 6 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 22 knots from a direction of 300 degrees, resulting in a crosswind of 6 knots and a headwind of 21 knots.

The aircraft then taxied to the parking from the runway, which took 12 minutes and covered a distance of 1 nautical mile. The total flight distance was 67 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 32 minutes. The aircraft used 183 kilograms of fuel during the flight.

Flight Map

Replay this flight in 3D — the full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.

Flight Stages KBUF to CYYZ

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Departure Taxi

88.53 %

Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 10 minutes and covered 2 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
71.33 %	Average speed 12 kt 0 kt min to max 29 kt	0		0 kt
100 %	Average speed turning corners 9 kt max 9 kt	0		0 kt
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.99 g min to max 1.01 g	1.00		1.00 g
Info	Average pitch angle -1.7 ° -2.2 ° min to max -1.3 °	-1.8		-1.5 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.4 °	0.2		0.2 °
Info	Battery Master On at 18:51:39
Info	Engine 1 Started at 18:51:39
Info	Beacon Lights Switched On at 18:51:39
Info	Navigation Lights Switched On at 18:51:39
Info	Strobe Lights Switched On at 18:51:39
Info	Taxi Lights Switched On at 18:51:39
Info	Landing Gear Down at 18:51:39
Info	Parking Brake On at 18:51:39
Info	Pitot Heat Switched On at 18:51:57
Info	Engine 2 Started at 18:52:39
Info	Flaps Position 1 at 18:52:47
Info	Parking Brake Off at 18:53:12
Info	Taxi Lights Switched Off at 19:01:50
Info	Landing Lights Switched On at 19:01:51

Departure Runway Entry

Entering runway 23 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport, Average speed was 27 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
Info	Average speed 9 kt 4 kt min to max 13 kt	4		13 kt
Info	Average pitch angle -2.1 ° -2.3 ° min to max -1.6 °	-1.6		-2.3 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.4 °	0.3		0.2 °
Info	Average g force 1.00 g 1.00 g min to max 1.00 g	1.00		1.00 g
Info	Autopilot Flight Director Activated at 19:02:15

Departure Roll

87.59 %

Departure roll runway 23 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport. Takeoff distance 1,035 m 45 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 164 kt. Local weather - Temperature 10 °C. Wind 27 kt at 229 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Headwind: 27 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Takeoff distance 1,035 m 45 % of runway
57.01 %	Liftoff speed was 164 kt Target 130 kt
80.94 %	Runway alignment max 13.26 m 8.28 m left to 4.99 m right	2.16		-4.99 m
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.95 g min to max 1.14 g	1.01		1.14 g
100 %	Takeoff Bounce
Info	Average pitch angle -2.1 ° -2.5 ° min to max -0.2 °	-2.3		-0.2 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.8 °	0.3		0.0 °

Departure Climb 1

100 %

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 23 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation 0.3 ° 0.2 ° min to max 0.4 °	0.2		0.4 °
100 %	Average speed 167 kt 162 kt min to max 174 kt	164		174 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 0.4 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.7 °	0.0		0.5 °
100 %	Average g force 1.07 g 0.95 g min to max 1.19 g	1.16		1.01 g
Info	Average VSI 550 fpm 334 fpm min to max 634 fpm	334		634 fpm
Info	Average altitude 18 ft agl 0 ft agl min to max 41 ft agl	0		41 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 1.0 ° -0.1 ° min to max 1.5 °	-0.1		0.9 °

Departure Climb 2

100 %

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 23 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation 0.5 ° 0.4 ° min to max 0.7 °	0.4		0.6 °
100 %	Average speed 174 kt 170 kt min to max 184 kt	173		178 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 0.8 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.6 °	0.5		1.5 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.89 g min to max 1.10 g	1.00		0.97 g
Info	Average VSI 753 fpm 628 fpm min to max 1,591 fpm	635		1,158 fpm
Info	Average altitude 93 ft agl 42 ft agl min to max 346 ft agl	42		346 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 1.5 ° 0.9 ° min to max 4.2 °	0.9		1.8 °
Info	Landing Gear Up at 19:03:32
Info	Autopilot Master Switched On at 19:03:37
Info	Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated at 19:03:37

Departure Climb 3

96.35 %

Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 23 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation 0.5 ° 0.2 ° min to max 1.6 °	0.6		1.6 °
100 %	Average speed 218 kt 181 kt min to max 244 kt	181		244 kt
81.76 %	Average bank angle 3.7 ° 0.0 ° min to max 8.9 °	1.8		8.9 °
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.79 g min to max 1.19 g	0.94		1.14 g
100 %	Landing gear up
Info	Average VSI 807 fpm 134 fpm min to max 1,066 fpm	1,066		613 fpm
Info	Average altitude 627 ft agl 363 ft agl min to max 921 ft agl	363		921 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 0.3 ° -1.3 ° min to max 1.7 °	1.6		1.7 °
Info	Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated at 19:03:42
Info	Flaps Fully Retracted at 19:04:17

Enroute Climb

93.63 %

Enroute climb started overhead Sloan (New York, United States). Climbing from 1,654 ft asl to 7,836 ft asl, an increase of 6,181 ft in 6 minutes and covering 21 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
84.08 %	Average speed 248 kt 234 kt min to max 272 kt	249		249 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 10.7 ° 0.3 ° min to max 26.9 °	11.6		2.0 °
100 %	Average g force 1.02 g 0.94 g min to max 1.14 g	0.96		1.02 g
Info	Average VSI 964 fpm 635 fpm min to max 1,554 fpm	772		1,461 fpm
Info	Average altitude 3,635 ft asl 1,654 ft asl min to max 7,836 ft asl	1,654		7,836 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle 1.7 ° 0.8 ° min to max 3.0 °	1.2		2.7 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Overspeed Warning Activated at 19:04:27
Info	Overspeed Warning Deactivated at 19:04:49
Info	Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft at 19:04:25

Enroute Level

100 %

Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south east of CYSN Niagara District Airport Niagara-on-the-Lake (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 7 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average altitude 8,166 ft asl 7,936 ft asl min to max 8,334 ft asl	7,936		8,333 ft asl
100 %	Average speed 256 kt 248 kt min to max 274 kt	249		270 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 4.4 ° 0.1 ° min to max 8.5 °	6.3		0.4 °
100 %	Average g force 0.99 g 0.77 g min to max 1.02 g	1.01		1.00 g
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Average pitch angle 1.2 ° -0.8 ° min to max 2.7 °	2.7		-0.5 °
Info	Landing Lights Switched Off at 19:12:06
Info	Autopilot Heading Hold Activated at 19:12:15
Info	Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft at 19:11:11

Enroute Descent

92.58 %

Enroute descent started 3 miles north west of St. Catharines (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 8,335 ft asl to 2,972 ft asl, a decrease of 5,363 ft in 5 minutes and covering 20 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
81.44 %	Average speed 249 kt 237 kt min to max 268 kt	268		237 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 13.6 ° 0.1 ° min to max 33.2 °	5.2		6.0 °
100 %	Average g force 1.05 g 0.96 g min to max 1.38 g	1.00		1.00 g
Info	Average VSI -1,079 fpm -1,620 fpm min to max 104 fpm	5		104 fpm
Info	Average altitude 5,891 ft asl 2,948 ft asl min to max 8,336 ft asl	8,335		2,972 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle -2.5 ° -3.7 ° min to max 0.4 °	-0.6		0.1 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft at 19:12:21

Enroute Level 2

99.83 %

Enroute level cruise started 4 miles south of New Toronto (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 8 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
99.43 %	Average altitude 2,994 ft asl 2,320 ft asl min to max 3,097 ft asl	2,972		2,320 ft asl
100 %	Average speed 210 kt 171 kt min to max 237 kt	237		173 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 11.7 ° 0.0 ° min to max 28.3 °	6.0		0.8 °
100 %	Average g force 1.02 g 0.85 g min to max 1.14 g	1.00		0.85 g
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Average pitch angle -0.1 ° -5.0 ° min to max 0.7 °	0.1		-5.0 °
Info	Landing Gear Down at 19:18:33
Info	Autopilot Approach Mode Activated at 19:19:29

Arrival Final 4

81.6 %

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,742 ft agl to 1,330 ft agl. A decrease of 412 ft in 14 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
41.91 %	Approach angle 5.3 ° 5.2 ° min to max 5.4 ° Target 3.0 °	5.4		5.2 °
100 %	Average speed 176 kt 172 kt min to max 180 kt	173		180 kt
90.31 %	Heading variation -2.9 ° -3.3 ° min to max -2.4 °	-3.3		-2.4 °
100 %	Average bank angle 1.4 ° 0.2 ° min to max 2.1 °	0.7		2.1 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.91 g min to max 1.05 g	0.91		0.97 g
Info	Average VSI -1,897 fpm -1,966 fpm min to max -1,846 fpm	-1,858		-1,922 fpm
Info	Average altitude 1,527 ft agl 1,330 ft agl min to max 1,742 ft agl	1,742		1,330 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -5.2 ° -5.6 ° min to max -4.7 °	-5.2		-5.5 °
Info	Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated at 19:19:41
Info	Autopilot Approach Mode Activated at 19:19:42
Info	Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated at 19:19:52

Arrival Final 3

79.33 %

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 1,297 ft agl to 883 ft agl. A decrease of 414 ft in 13 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
44.9 %	Approach angle 5.0 ° 4.8 ° min to max 5.2 ° Target 3.0 °	5.2		4.8 °
100 %	Average speed 177 kt 174 kt min to max 181 kt	180		181 kt
99 %	Heading variation -1.3 ° -2.1 ° min to max -0.5 °	-2.1		-0.5 °
79.78 %	Average bank angle 6.8 ° 2.0 ° min to max 10.5 °	3.8		6.5 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.96 g min to max 1.06 g	0.99		1.01 g
Info	Average VSI -1,921 fpm -1,999 fpm min to max -1,814 fpm	-1,966		-1,861 fpm
Info	Average altitude 1,083 ft agl 883 ft agl min to max 1,297 ft agl	1,297		883 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -5.5 ° -5.9 ° min to max -5.2 °	-5.4		-5.4 °
Info	GPWS Warning Activated at 19:20:07

Arrival Final 2

86.76 %

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 852 ft agl to 390 ft agl. A decrease of 462 ft in 12 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
59.55 %	Approach angle 4.4 ° 3.6 ° min to max 4.8 ° Target 3.0 °	4.8		3.6 °
100 %	Average speed 188 kt 182 kt min to max 192 kt	182		188 kt
100 %	Heading variation -0.3 ° -0.4 ° min to max -0.2 °	-0.4		-0.2 °
94.49 %	Average bank angle 1.7 ° 0.1 ° min to max 5.0 °	5.0		0.1 °
100 %	Average g force 0.95 g 0.74 g min to max 1.16 g	0.99		0.84 g
Info	Average VSI -2,076 fpm -2,702 fpm min to max -1,835 fpm	-1,835		-2,183 fpm
Info	Average altitude 645 ft agl 390 ft agl min to max 852 ft agl	852		390 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -6.8 ° -9.2 ° min to max -5.5 °	-5.5		-9.2 °
Info	Flaps Position 1 at 19:20:18

Arrival Final 1

100 %

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 350 ft agl to 56 ft agl. A decrease of 294 ft in 21 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Approach angle 3.1 ° 2.9 ° min to max 3.4 ° Target 3.0 °	3.4		3.2 °
100 %	Average speed 156 kt 143 kt min to max 189 kt	189		145 kt
100 %	Heading variation -0.0 ° -0.1 ° min to max 0.1 °	-0.0		-0.1 °
100 %	Average bank angle 0.9 ° 0.2 ° min to max 1.7 °	0.4		1.4 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.89 g min to max 1.35 g	0.99		0.97 g
Info	Average VSI -787 fpm -2,301 fpm min to max -587 fpm	-2,301		-680 fpm
Info	Average altitude 123 ft agl 56 ft agl min to max 350 ft agl	350		56 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -3.0 ° -8.6 ° min to max -2.3 °	-8.6		-2.6 °
Info	Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated at 19:20:24
Info	GPWS Warning Deactivated at 19:20:26

Arrival Landing

74 %

Landing on runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, runway length 2,408 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 145 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
0 %	Threshold speed was excessively high at 145 kt. Target 92 kt
100 %	Target 50 ft agl
96 %	Landing and flare profile
100 %	Heading variation -0.1 ° -0.1 ° min to max -0.1 °	-0.1		-0.1 °
100 %	Average bank angle 1.7 ° 1.1 ° min to max 2.2 °	1.4		1.1 °
100 %	Average g force 1.04 g 0.97 g min to max 1.08 g	0.97		1.05 g
Info	Average speed 139 kt 136 kt min to max 145 kt	145		136 kt
Info	Average VSI -570 fpm -701 fpm min to max -280 fpm	-683		-280 fpm
Info	Average altitude 22 ft agl 2 ft agl min to max 53 ft agl	53		2 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -1.4 ° -2.6 ° min to max -0.4 °	-2.6		-0.4 °
Info	Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated at 19:20:49
Info	Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated at 19:20:49

Arrival Touchdown

75.45 %

Touchdown distance was good at 369 m. Touchdown speed at 136 kt was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -280 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 6 °C. Wind 22 kt at 300 °. Crosswind: 6 kt Headwind: 21 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
93.79 %	Touchdown VSI was -280 fpm.
100 %	Touchdown distance was 369 m Target 457 m
0 %	Speed at touchdown 136 kt Target below 91 kt
100 %	Runway alignment max 3.03 m 2.58 m right	-3.03		-2.02 m
100 %	Average bank angle 0.6 ° 0.2 ° min to max 1.1 °	1.1		0.4 °
100 %	Average g force 1.09 g 1.03 g min to max 1.21 g	1.05		1.03 g
80 %	Landing Bounce
Info	Average speed 135 kt 132 kt min to max 136 kt	136		132 kt
Info	Average pitch angle -0.3 ° -0.4 ° min to max -0.2 °	-0.4		-0.2 °

Arrival Rollout

78.98 %

Total landing distance 1,090 m, 45 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 15.9 m from centreline.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Landing distance 1,090 m 45 % of runway.
53.29 %	Runway alignment max 17.89 m 15.86 m left to 2.02 m right	-2.02		15.86 m
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.91 g min to max 1.15 g	1.03		1.01 g
Info	Average speed 102 kt 57 kt min to max 112 kt	112		57 kt
Info	Average pitch angle -1.3 ° -2.5 ° min to max -0.0 °	-0.2		-1.9 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.7 °	0.4		0.0 °

Runway Exit

Exiting runway, average speed 58 kt

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
Info	Average speed 40 kt 13 kt min to max 56 kt	56		14 kt
Info	Average pitch angle -1.8 ° -2.3 ° min to max -0.1 °	-2.0		-1.8 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.9 °	0.0		0.2 °
Info	Average g force 0.98 g 0.47 g min to max 1.01 g	0.99		1.00 g
Info	Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated at 19:21:35
Info	Flaps Position 2 at 19:21:38

Arrival Taxi

82 %

Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 12 minutes and covered 1 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
66 %	Average speed 16 kt 0 kt min to max 30 kt	14		0 kt
100 %	Average speed turning corners 10 kt max 17 kt	0		0 kt
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.96 g min to max 1.02 g	1.00		1.00 g
Info	Average pitch angle -1.9 ° -3.0 ° min to max -1.3 °	-1.8		-1.8 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.7 °	0.2		0.3 °
Info	Parking Brake On at 19:21:49
Info	Parking Brake Off at 19:24:05
Info	Taxi Lights Switched On at 19:24:14
Info	Autopilot Master Switched Off at 19:27:20
Info	Landing Lights Switched On at 19:29:31
Info	Taxi Lights Switched Off at 19:29:31
Info	Parking Brake On at 19:29:37
Info	Parking Brake Off at 19:30:06
Info	Parking Brake On at 19:33:28
100 %	Landing Lights at 19:25:53
100 %	Taxi Lights at 19:28:01

Takeoff on runway 23 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport in the Cessna CJ4 Citation

94.5 %

88.53 %

Taxi

Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 10 minutes and covered 2 nm.

Taxi Lights

100 %

Switched On

Speed

71.33 %

Turn Speed

100 %

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

87.59 %

Takeoff Roll

Takeoff Distance

100 %

Roll distance of 3,396 ft using 44.86 % of runway

Liftoff Speed

57.01 %

Liftoff speed was 164 kn - Target 130 kn

Alignment

80.94 %

27.2 ft left to 16.4 ft right

Bounce

100 %

No Bounce Detected

Strobe Lights

100 %

Switched On

Landing Lights

100 %

Switched On

100 %

Speed

Info

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

100 %

Climb 1

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 23 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

100 %

Climb 2

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 23 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

96.35 %

Climb 3

Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 23 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

81.76 %

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

Landing on runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport in the Cessna CJ4 Citation

Landing Score 82.11 %

Landing Summary

The Cessna CJ4 Citation aircraft successfully landed on runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, achieving a score of 82.1%. The final approach was initiated from the southeast, heading 309.0° at a distance of 3 nautical miles and an altitude of 1,742 feet above ground level (agl). The aircraft's approach to the runway was satisfactory, with a good threshold height and a touchdown distance of 369 meters, which is within acceptable limits.

However, there were some areas of concern during the landing. The threshold speed was excessively high at 145 knots, which may have put additional stress on the aircraft's landing gear and brakes. Additionally, the touchdown speed of 136 knots was also excessively fast, which could have resulted in a longer rollout distance and increased the risk of overrunning the runway. The touchdown rate of -280 feet per minute (fpm) was fair, but could have been improved with a more controlled descent.

The local weather conditions at the time of the landing were characterized by a temperature of 6°C and a wind speed of 22 knots from 300°. This resulted in a crosswind of 6 knots and a headwind of 21 knots, which may have affected the aircraft's approach and landing. Despite these conditions, the runway touchdown alignment was very good, indicating that the pilot maintained a stable and controlled approach.

The total landing distance of 1,090 meters was 45% of the runway length, which is within acceptable limits. However, the runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 15.9 meters from the centreline, which may have resulted in a longer rollout distance and increased the risk of overrunning the runway. Overall, the landing was satisfactory, but there were some areas of concern that could be improved upon in future landings.

81.6 %

Final 4

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,742 ft agl to 1,330 ft agl. A decrease of 412 ft in 14 seconds.

Glideslope

41.91 %

Poor descent path above glideslope limit

Heading

90.31 %

Poor heading alignment

Glideslope

41.91 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

90.31 %

Bank

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

79.33 %

Final 3

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 1,297 ft agl to 883 ft agl. A decrease of 414 ft in 13 seconds.

Glideslope

44.9 %

Poor descent path above glideslope limit

Heading

99 %

Poor heading alignment

Glideslope

44.9 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

99 %

Bank

79.78 %

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

86.76 %

Final 2

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 852 ft agl to 390 ft agl. A decrease of 462 ft in 12 seconds.

Glideslope

59.55 %

Poor descent path above glideslope limit

Heading

100 %

Great heading alignment

Glideslope

59.55 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

94.49 %

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

100 %

Final 1

Approaching runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 350 ft agl to 56 ft agl. A decrease of 294 ft in 21 seconds.

Glideslope

100 %

Excellent glideslope alignment

Heading

100 %

Excellent heading alignment

Glideslope

100 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

74 %

Landing

Landing on runway 33L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, runway length 2,408 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 145 kt.

Height

100 %

Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl

Speed

0 %

Threshold speed was excessively high at 145 kt. Target 92 kt

Flare

96 %

Excellent landing flare

Heading

100 %

Bank