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KBUF
Buffalo, United States
Runway 32
Elevation699 ft asl
Weight11,688 lbs
Fuel959 lbs

Flight Score

96.93 %
CYYZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 33R
Elevation545 ft asl
Weight11,658 lbs
Fuel510 lbs
Wind50° · 4 kn · 4 kn cross
23 Mar 2025 0:37 82 nm Cessna CJ4 Citation 449 lbs
Departure Score
97.29 %
Enroute Score
99.75 %
Arrival Score
93.75 %

What went well

Touched down at -75 fpm — a soft arrival
Threshold crossed at 25 ft and 103 kt — both inside band
1.11 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 21.31 m at 33 %, −1.25 points
Departure Climb 3 — gear not retracted; Landing gear up at 0 %, −0.90 points
Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 65 %, −0.36 points

Top opportunity

Improve the rollout

Arrival Rollout

Ground control varies with speed, full authority at walking pace, progressively reducing as groundspeed rises. The aircraft becomes twitchy at any speed, every small pedal input swings the nose, which can encourage large-amplitude leg inputs that no real aircraft would accept.

Read more in How to Taxi Anywhere

Start to finish · 21 stages, 20 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport. Takeoff distance 625 m 34 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 139 kt. Local weather - Temperature -2 °C. .
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 625 m34 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 139 ktTarget 130 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.55 m0.91 m left to 0.64 m right 0.91 -0.64 m
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.16 g 1.01 1.16 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -1.6 °-2.1 ° min to max 2.2 ° -2.1 2.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 2 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 11 kt
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average speed 145 kt139 kt min to max 150 kt 139 150 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.31 g1.18 g min to max 1.34 g 1.18 1.28 g
Info Average VSI 829 fpm525 fpm min to max 1,334 fpm 525 1,334 fpm
Info Average altitude 15 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 47 ft agl 1 47 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °2.5 ° min to max 9.0 ° 2.5 9.0 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 154 kt150 kt min to max 162 kt 150 162 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.3 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.4 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.14 g1.00 g min to max 1.28 g 1.28 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 1,950 fpm1,365 fpm min to max 3,023 fpm 1,365 3,023 fpm
Info Average altitude 114 ft agl49 ft agl min to max 350 ft agl 49 350 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.5 °9.0 ° min to max 11.4 ° 9.0 11.4 °
Departure Climb 3 89.16Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 160 kt156 kt min to max 163 kt 162 156 kt
96 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.1 ° min to max 3.6 ° 1.6 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.95 g min to max 1.00 g 0.97 0.97 g
0 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 3,180 fpm3,039 fpm min to max 3,254 fpm 3,139 3,039 fpm
Info Average altitude 677 ft agl405 ft agl min to max 989 ft agl 405 989 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.2 °10.9 ° min to max 11.5 ° 11.1 10.9 °

Events

Fail Gear Not Retracted
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 845 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 845 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 845 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 947 ft agl · 153 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Williamsville (New York, United States). Climbing from 1,746 ft asl to 4,256 ft asl, an increase of 2,510 ft in 3 minutes and covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 171 kt153 kt min to max 225 kt 155 225 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 1.3 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.75 g min to max 1.06 g 0.89 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 1,420 fpm168 fpm min to max 2,965 fpm 2,965 168 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,674 ft asl1,746 ft asl min to max 4,256 ft asl 1,746 4,256 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.3 °-1.5 ° min to max 10.0 ° 10.0 -1.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 1,719 ft agl · 164 kt
Enroute Level 97.99Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of Tonawanda (New York, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 4,365 ft asl4,283 ft asl min to max 4,432 ft asl 4,283 4,432 ft asl
90 % Average speed 242 kt225 kt min to max 267 kt 225 246 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-1.6 ° min to max 0.4 ° -1.5 -0.1 °

Events

Fail Overspeed Warning Activated 3,801 ft agl · 272 kt
Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 4,364 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Up 3,784 ft agl · 234 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3,803 ft agl · 242 kt
Info Overspeed Warning Deactivated 3,800 ft agl · 269 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 3,829 ft agl · 257 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north east of Niagara Falls (New York, United States). Descent from 4,383 ft asl to 3,678 ft asl, a decrease of 704 ft in 2 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 249 kt247 kt min to max 252 kt 247 248 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.5 °0.1 ° min to max 18.2 ° 0.6 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.92 g min to max 1.09 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -482 fpm-640 fpm min to max 10 fpm -504 10 fpm
Info Average altitude 4,093 ft asl3,678 ft asl min to max 4,383 ft asl 4,383 3,678 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-1.6 ° min to max -0.3 ° -1.3 -0.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south west of Niagara-on-the-Lake (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 7 minutes, covering 28 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 3,654 ft asl3,494 ft asl min to max 3,677 ft asl 3,677 3,494 ft asl
100 % Average speed 240 kt190 kt min to max 247 kt 247 190 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.9 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-2.5 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.2 -2.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 3,384 ft agl · 226 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Moss Park (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 3,421 ft asl to 2,778 ft asl, a decrease of 643 ft in 2 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 182 kt180 kt min to max 186 kt 186 180 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.1 ° min to max 9.2 ° 0.3 9.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -428 fpm-442 fpm min to max -413 fpm -438 -415 fpm
Info Average altitude 3,073 ft asl2,778 ft asl min to max 3,421 ft asl 3,421 2,778 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.1 °-2.2 ° min to max -1.9 ° -2.2 -2.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north of Toronto (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 13 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,967 ft asl2,732 ft asl min to max 3,241 ft asl 2,771 3,071 ft asl
100 % Average speed 181 kt172 kt min to max 192 kt 181 191 kt
100 % Average bank angle 21.3 °0.0 ° min to max 32.6 ° 15.4 30.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.10 g0.99 g min to max 1.33 g 1.00 1.14 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-2.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° -2.0 -1.5 °
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started 7 miles south east of New Toronto (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 3,063 ft asl to 2,561 ft asl, a decrease of 502 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 181 kt154 kt min to max 190 kt 190 154 kt
100 % Average bank angle 16.9 °0.0 ° min to max 30.1 ° 30.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.99 g min to max 1.16 g 1.16 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -406 fpm-493 fpm min to max -157 fpm -493 -157 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,892 ft asl2,561 ft asl min to max 3,063 ft asl 3,063 2,561 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-1.6 ° min to max 0.6 ° -1.4 0.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 4 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south east of New Toronto (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,211 ft asl1,820 ft asl min to max 2,534 ft asl 2,534 1,820 ft asl
100 % Average speed 153 kt144 kt min to max 158 kt 153 144 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.1 °0.1 ° min to max 17.0 ° 8.2 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-2.5 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.7 -1.1 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 2,117 ft agl · 149 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 2,117 ft agl · 149 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 1,815 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 1,815 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,815 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,684 ft agl · 156 kt
Arrival Final 4 100.00Approaching runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,262 ft agl to 951 ft agl. A decrease of 311 ft in 25 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °3.0 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 137 kt132 kt min to max 144 kt 144 132 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.0 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -721 fpm-777 fpm min to max -687 fpm -777 -695 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,101 ft agl951 ft agl min to max 1,262 ft agl 1,262 951 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-1.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° -1.0 0.1 °
33.253.53.7548509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-390-293-195-98098195293390Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 3 100.00Approaching runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 940 ft agl to 582 ft agl. A decrease of 358 ft in 27 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.9 °2.7 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 2.7 °
100 % Average speed 127 kt125 kt min to max 131 kt 131 125 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.1 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.0 2.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -761 fpm-1,157 fpm min to max -642 fpm -700 -1,157 fpm
Info Average altitude 776 ft agl582 ft agl min to max 940 ft agl 940 582 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-1.8 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.2 -1.6 °
22.252.52.7535005506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-320-240-160-80080160240320Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 2 100.00Approaching runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 563 ft agl to 206 ft agl. A decrease of 356 ft in 30 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.2 °1.9 ° min to max 2.6 °Target 3.0 ° 2.6 1.9 °
100 % Average speed 119 kt113 kt min to max 125 kt 125 113 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.3 ° 2.0 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.92 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 1.05 g
Info Average VSI -734 fpm-1,165 fpm min to max -277 fpm -1,165 -609 fpm
Info Average altitude 362 ft agl206 ft agl min to max 563 ft agl 563 206 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-1.5 ° min to max 4.0 ° -1.5 4.0 °
11.251.51.752150200250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-260-195-130-65065130195260Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 100.00Approaching runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 199 ft agl to 30 ft agl. A decrease of 169 ft in 27 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 1.3 °0.9 ° min to max 2.2 °Target 3.0 ° 1.9 1.5 °
100 % Average speed 107 kt104 kt min to max 112 kt 112 104 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.1 ° min to max 2.0 ° 0.9 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.91 g min to max 1.13 g 1.09 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -301 fpm-1,010 fpm min to max 83 fpm -485 -235 fpm
Info Average altitude 56 ft agl30 ft agl min to max 199 ft agl 199 30 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °0.9 ° min to max 8.1 ° 5.4 6.2 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-190-143-95-4804895143190Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 91.26Landing on runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, runway length 3,365 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 104 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was well above target at 104 kt. Target 93 kt
100 % Target 50 ft agl
65 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 -0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.2 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Average speed 101 kt96 kt min to max 104 kt 104 96 kt
Info Average VSI -83 fpm-233 fpm min to max 59 fpm -233 -75 fpm
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl5 ft agl min to max 26 ft agl 26 6 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.5 °5.0 ° min to max 6.4 ° 6.2 5.0 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 8 ft agl · 99 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated 8 ft agl · 99 kt
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,75001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,750-110-88-66-44-22022446688110Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 93.20Touchdown point was 302 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 96 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was excellent at -75 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.6 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature -6 °C. Wind 4 kt at 49 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown VSI was -75 fpm.
71 % Touchdown distance was 721 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 96 ktTarget below 91 kt
83 % Runway alignment max 7.61 m6.89 m right -6.08 -7.61 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.3 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.99 g min to max 1.11 g 0.99 1.02 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 95 kt94 kt min to max 96 kt 96 94 kt
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °4.7 ° min to max 5.0 ° 5.0 4.7 °
Arrival Rollout 70.04Total landing distance 1,272 m, 38 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 21.3 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,272 m38 % of runway.
33 % Runway alignment max 21.31 m0.00 m left to 21.31 m right -7.61 -7.15 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 1.02 1.01 g
Info Average speed 82 kt48 kt min to max 91 kt 91 48 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °-1.8 ° min to max 5.2 ° 4.7 -1.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.6 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 24 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 22 kt10 kt min to max 43 kt 43 10 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.8 °-2.3 ° min to max -1.3 ° -1.6 -1.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.00 g

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 2 ft agl · 18 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 2 ft agl · 15 kt
Arrival Taxi 95.48Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 10 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Average speed 13 kt0 kt min to max 26 kt 10 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 12 ktmax 16 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -1.8 °-2.4 ° min to max -0.9 ° -1.9 -1.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.3 0.1 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 4 kt

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll2,049 ft · 34 %
100.00Liftoff speed138 kt · target 130, 8 fast
100.00Runway alignment3.0 ft L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
100.00Rate of climb829 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height25 ft
100.00Threshold speed103 kt · target 93, 10 fast
100.00Centreline offset0.1 ft R

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on CYYZ 33R

Past threshold71.30
2,361ft
Centreline83.38
25.0ft R
Speed100.00
96kttarget 90, 6 fast
Touchdown rate100.00
-75fpm
Impact100.00
1.11G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.

25 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 25 ft, down at 2,361 ft

Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 11,041 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD CROSS 4 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 2,361 ft past threshold CLEARED

Touched down 2,361 ft past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 4,042 ft of 11,041 ft · 37 %
Rollout distance100.00
1,681ft37 % used
Rollout alignment33.42
69.9ft R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with a departure roll from runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport, where the Cessna CJ4 Citation took off with a takeoff distance of 625 meters, which accounted for 34% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 139 knots. At the time of departure, the local weather conditions were characterized by a temperature of -2 degrees Celsius.

As the aircraft climbed, it started its enroute climb overhead Williamsville, New York, and ascended from 1,746 feet above sea level to 4,256 feet above sea level, an increase of 2,510 feet in just 3 minutes, covering a distance of 8 nautical miles. The enroute level cruise began 1 mile northwest of Tonawanda, New York, and lasted for 2 minutes, covering 6 nautical miles.

The aircraft then started its descent 1 mile northeast of Niagara Falls, New York, and descended from 4,383 feet above sea level to 3,678 feet above sea level, a decrease of 704 feet in 2 minutes, covering 7 nautical miles. The enroute level cruise resumed 2 miles southwest of Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada, and lasted for 7 minutes, covering 28 nautical miles.

As the aircraft continued its journey, it started its descent overhead Moss Park, Ontario, Canada, and descended from 3,421 feet above sea level to 2,778 feet above sea level, a decrease of 643 feet in 2 minutes, covering 5 nautical miles. The enroute level cruise began again 1 mile north of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and lasted for 5 minutes, covering 13 nautical miles.

The aircraft then started its descent 7 miles southeast of New Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and descended from 3,063 feet above sea level to 2,561 feet above sea level, a decrease of 502 feet in 2 minutes, covering 4 nautical miles. The enroute level cruise resumed 2 miles southeast of New Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and lasted for 2 minutes, covering 5 nautical miles.

The final approach to runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport was made from the southeast, heading 317.0 degrees at 4 nautical miles and 1,262 feet above ground level. The landing was made on runway 33R, which had a length of 3,365 meters. The threshold height was good, and the threshold speed was well above the target at 104 knots.

The touchdown point was 302 meters beyond the touchdown zone, and the touchdown speed was 96 knots, which was a little fast. However, the touchdown rate was excellent at -75 feet per minute. The runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.6 meters from the centerline. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of -6 degrees Celsius, with a wind speed of 4 knots at 49 degrees.

The total landing distance was 1,272 meters, which accounted for 38% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 21.3 meters from the centerline. After landing, the aircraft took 10 minutes to taxi to the parking area from the runway, covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile.

The total flight distance was 82 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 37 minutes. The aircraft used 204 kilograms of fuel during the flight.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport in the Cessna Citation CJ4
97.29 %
100 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 32 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport. Takeoff distance 625 m 34 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 139 kt. Local weather - Temperature -2 °C. .
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 2,049 ft using 33.54 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 139 kn - Target 130 kn
Alignment
100 %
3.0 ft left to 2.1 ft right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
140 70 0
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 0.5 -2
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,000-90-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-100102030405060708090 Runway Distance ft Runway Alignment to End of Runway ft
100 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
160 145 130
Bank °
100 %
1 0.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 5.5 2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,400 650 -100
100 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
170 160 150
Bank °
100 %
1 0.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
12 11 9
Climb Rate fpm
Info
3,100 2,150 1,200
89.16 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 32 KBUF Buffalo Niagara International Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
170 160 150
Bank °
95.82 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
12 11 10
Climb Rate fpm
Info
3,300 3,100 2,900
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0000134268402536670 Runway Distance ft Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50.750100200300400500600700800900 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.50.75-200-160-120-80-4004080120160200 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment in (ft) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport in the Cessna Citation CJ4
Landing Score 88.62 %
Landing Summary

The Cessna CJ4 Citation aircraft successfully landed at Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, with a score of 88.6%. The final approach to runway 33R was initiated from the southeast, heading 317.0° at a distance of 4 nautical miles and an altitude of 1,262 feet above ground level.

The aircraft touched down on the runway, with a threshold speed that was well above the target at 104 knots. However, the touchdown speed of 96 knots was slightly faster than desired. The touchdown point was located 302 meters beyond the designated touchdown zone, which may indicate a slight over-shooting of the target.

The aircraft's touchdown rate was excellent, at -75 feet per minute, indicating a smooth and controlled descent. However, the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned from the centerline by 7.6 meters, which may have contributed to the over-shooting of the touchdown zone.

The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of -6°C and a wind speed of 4 knots from a direction of 49°. The crosswind component was 4 knots, while the headwind component was negligible at 0 knots.

The total landing distance was 1,272 meters, which accounted for 38% of the available runway length. The runway rollout alignment was also misaligned from the centerline by 21.3 meters, which may indicate a slight deviation from the desired path during the rollout phase.

Overall, while the landing was successful, there were some areas for improvement, including the touchdown speed and the alignment of the runway touchdown position and rollout.

100 %
Final 4
Approaching runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,262 ft agl to 951 ft agl. A decrease of 311 ft in 25 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
144 137 130
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
100 %
1 0.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-687 -744 -800
33.253.53.7548509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
33.253.53.754-390-293-195-98098195293390 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
100 %
Final 3
Approaching runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 940 ft agl to 582 ft agl. A decrease of 358 ft in 27 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
131 125 120
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
100 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-642 -921 -1,200
22.252.52.7535005506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
22.252.52.753-320-240-160-80080160240320 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
100 %
Final 2
Approaching runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 563 ft agl to 206 ft agl. A decrease of 356 ft in 30 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
125 117 110
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
100 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-277 -738 -1,200
11.251.51.752150200250300350400450500550600650700750 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
11.251.51.752-260-195-130-65065130195260 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
100 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 199 ft agl to 30 ft agl. A decrease of 169 ft in 27 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
112 106 100
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
100 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
83 -509 -1,100
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-190-143-95-4804895143190 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
91.26 %
Landing
Landing on runway 33R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, runway length 3,365 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 104 kt.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was well above target at 104 kt. Target 93 kt
Flare
65.03 %
Fair landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
104 97 90
Pitch °
Info
7 6 5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
59 -120 -300
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,75001223354658 Runway Distance ft Landing Height ft
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,750-110-88-66-44-22022446688110 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
93.2 %
Touchdown
Touchdown point was 302 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 96 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was excellent at -75 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.6 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature -6 °C. Wind 4 kt at 49 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
Touchdown
100 %
Touchdown rate was excellent at -75 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 96 kt was a little fast. Target below 91 kn
Distance
71.2 %
Touchdown point was 992 ft beyond the touchdown zone.
Alignment
83.38 %
Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 25 ft from centreline.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.4 °
G
100 %
G 1.06 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
70.04 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 1,272 m, 38 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 21.3 m from centreline.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 4,173 ft using 37.8 % of runway
Alignment
33.42 %
Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 70 ft from centreline.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
94 67 40
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
6 2.5 -1
05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,0003,5004,000 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
95.48 %
Taxi
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 10 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched Off
Taxi Lights
63 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
93.33 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
1 -0.5 -2
Metrics
Metrics

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