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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Make small rudder corrections against a point at the far end to hold the centreline.
What happened: During the ground roll you drifted 9.3 m off the runway centreline.
Watch for: Watch runway alignment against the centreline, correcting with small rudder inputs.
See Departure Roll
Arrival
Fly a slightly steeper approach path to cross the threshold at 50 ft agl instead of 67 ft agl.
What happened: The aircraft crossed the threshold at 67 ft agl against a 50 ft agl target, above the normal profile. This fault pattern is often followed by a long touchdown beyond the target point, and here the aircraft touched down at 945 m against a 457 m target.
Watch for: Radio altimeter against the 50 ft threshold crossing target on short final.
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 23 stages, 21 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 152 kt, 7 kt below the 159 kt target, and lifted off at 160 kt 3.2 s later, the nose coming up at 2.6° a second. Climb 3 held close to its 166 kt target, at 161 kt on average.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 969 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,251 m of runway left; gear up at 483 ft, inside the 698 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,110 fpm on average to 969 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 3,195 m runway.
Rolled from 203 m in, drifted 9.1 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 52 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
At the 1,000 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 157 kt.
At the 500 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 157 kt.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: slow all the way.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 40 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 52× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 3 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 39 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 24 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Slow from 4 nm to the threshold (up to −14 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare held the target profile well. The flare took all the sink out 6 ft agl above the runway and the aircraft settled on from there, 336 fpm of sink coming back, having crossed the threshold below target speed. Touchdown was 945 m past the threshold. Carry the speed to the flare and hold it lower - the aircraft ran out of lift before the wheels arrived, so the fix is energy on the approach, not attitude.
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 202° at 2 kt · 1 kt head · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 67 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 41 s, an average deceleration of 0.05 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 2,189 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 66 ft, 16 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare at 12 ft; ballooned 5 ft from 3 ft. Touched down 945 m in, 640 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 2,189 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 110 fpm before coming down at 220 fpm to touch. The nose came up 0.6° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 2,189 m of the 3,986 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 14 m right of the centreline and drifted to 21 m right on the rollout, back to 0.7 m right by the end.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 945 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 1.72 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.
The rest of the report
The A340-3 taxied from the parking area to runway 30 at KIAD Washington Dulles International Airport, a movement that lasted 17 minutes and covered 2 nm.
During the departure roll on runway 30, the aircraft accelerated over a distance of 1,671 m (52 % of the runway) and rotated at 152 kt; ambient conditions were 16 °C with a wind of 4 kt from 355°, giving a 2 kt headwind and a 4 kt crosswind component.
The initial climb began 1 nm north of South Riding, Virginia, climbing from 1,340 ft asl to 32,805 ft asl-a gain of 31,466 ft-in 17 minutes while covering 114 nm.
Level cruise commenced 2 nm southwest of NJ30 Paruszewski Farm Strip, New Jersey, and continued for 132 minutes, during which 1,107 nm were flown.
A subsequent climb segment started at latitude 45.5170517, longitude -51.909893, raising the aircraft from 33,066 ft asl to 34,999 ft asl (an increase of 1,933 ft) in 2 minutes over a distance of 13 nm.
The next cruise phase began at latitude 45.6057854, longitude -51.5873718 and lasted 206 minutes, covering 1,840 nm.
A further climb was initiated 30 nm northwest of Polzeath, Cornwall, taking the aircraft from 35,003 ft asl to 36,986 ft asl (gain of 1,983 ft) in 2 minutes while traveling 13 nm.
Cruise continued 21 nm northwest of Polzeath for 50 minutes, during which 418 nm were traversed.
Descent began 1 nm northeast of Aywaille, Belgium, descending from 36,895 ft asl to 28,012 ft asl (loss of 8,883 ft) in 5 minutes and covering 35 nm.
A brief level segment overhead Feusdorf, Rheinland-Pfalz, lasted 2 minutes and spanned 11 nm.
The next descent started 1 nm northeast of Mullenbach, Rheinland-Pfalz, dropping from 27,782 ft asl to 4,371 ft asl (loss of 23,412 ft) in 17 minutes over 81 nm.
A short cruise segment 1 nm south of Nidderau, Hessen, lasted 13 minutes and covered 45 nm.
Descent resumed 1 nm southwest of Hanau am Main, Hessen, falling from 3,996 ft asl to 1,721 ft asl (loss of 2,275 ft) in 4 minutes across 9 nm.
The final approach to runway 25L at EDDF Frankfurt Airport involved a descent from 1,426 ft agl to 132 ft agl in 146 seconds, with the aircraft scoring on the stabilisation gates.
Landing on runway 25L (runway length 3,986 m) recorded a threshold height at 67 ft agl above target and a threshold speed slightly below target at 145 kt; touchdown occurred 527 m beyond the touchdown zone at 134 kt with a touchdown rate of minus 62 fpm, and the touchdown point was misaligned 14.2 m from the centreline. Local weather was 9 °C with a wind of 2 kt from 203°, providing a 1 kt headwind and a 1 kt crosswind component.
The runway rollout covered a total landing distance of 2,087 m (52 % of the runway) and the aircraft exited the runway misaligned 21.2 m from the centreline.
After landing, the aircraft taxied from the runway to the parking area in 15 minutes, traveling a further 2 nm.
In total, the flight covered 3,697 nm, required 477 minutes of elapsed time, and consumed 55,286 kg of fuel.
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