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CAC8
Nanaimo, Canada
Runway 31W
Elevation141 ft asl
Weight1,716 kg
Fuel121 kg
Wind261° · 2 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

90.11 %
BUSH
2 miles east of Parksville (British Columbia, Canada), Canada
Runway XX
Elevation0 ft asl
Weight1,717 kg
Fuel121 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn · 1 kn cross
20 Mar 2025 0:13 15 nm DHC-2 Beaver
Departure Score
74.48 %
Enroute Score
99.96 %
Arrival Score
95.88 %

What went well

Touched down at -385 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 264 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 42 ft and 68 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Roll — Runway alignment max 68.17 m at 0 %, Takeoff Bounce at 0 %, −4.03 points
Departure Climb 1 — Heading variation -4.6 ° at 33 %, bank angle up to 12.6 ° at 72 %, −1.97 points
Departure Climb 3 — Heading variation 7.7 ° at 25 %, −1.31 points

Next time

Maintain the centreline

See Departure Roll

A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 31W at CAC8 Nanaimo Harbour Water Aerodrome, Average speed was 1 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 0 kt0 kt min to max 0 kt 0 0 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °0.5 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 0.01 g0.01 g min to max 0.01 g 0.01 0.01 g
Departure Roll 51.62Departure roll runway 31W at CAC8 Nanaimo Harbour Water Aerodrome. Takeoff distance 455 m 67 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 85 kt. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 10 kt at 260 °. Crosswind: 8 kt Headwind: 5 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 455 m67 % of runway
65 % Liftoff speed was 85 ktTarget 68 kt
0 % Runway alignment max 68.17 m64.05 m left to 4.11 m right 0.10 61.86 m
86 % Average g force 1.00 g0.00 g min to max 1.08 g 0.00 1.08 g
0 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.4 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.5 0.9 °
Info Average bank angle 1.9 °0.0 ° min to max 12.4 ° 0.0 12.4 °

Events

Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake On 5 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 5 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 6 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake On 5 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 5 ft agl · 6 kt
Departure Climb 1 76.37Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 31W CAC8 Nanaimo Harbour Water Aerodrome.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
33 % Heading variation -4.6 °-7.0 ° min to max -2.2 ° -7.0 -2.2 °
100 % Average speed 93 kt86 kt min to max 97 kt 86 97 kt
72 % Average bank angle 8.8 °4.2 ° min to max 12.6 ° 12.5 4.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.13 g1.07 g min to max 1.19 g 1.08 1.18 g
Info Average VSI 746 fpm347 fpm min to max 1,094 fpm 347 1,094 fpm
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 49 ft agl 0 49 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.2 °1.0 ° min to max 7.4 ° 1.0 7.4 °
Departure Climb 2 85.70Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 31W CAC8 Nanaimo Harbour Water Aerodrome.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
49 % Heading variation 0.2 °-2.0 ° min to max 6.1 ° -2.0 6.1 °
100 % Average speed 99 kt97 kt min to max 105 kt 97 105 kt
94 % Average bank angle 3.6 °1.8 ° min to max 4.2 ° 4.2 2.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g0.83 g min to max 1.21 g 1.18 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 1,403 fpm866 fpm min to max 1,889 fpm 1,112 984 fpm
Info Average altitude 121 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 308 ft agl 50 308 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.9 °3.6 ° min to max 10.7 ° 7.5 3.7 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 307 ft agl · 103 kt
Info Bounce during liftoff 357 ft agl · 105 kt
Departure Climb 3 84.24Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 31W CAC8 Nanaimo Harbour Water Aerodrome.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
25 % Heading variation 7.7 °7.1 ° min to max 8.5 ° 7.1 8.5 °
100 % Average speed 108 kt106 kt min to max 109 kt 106 109 kt
96 % Average bank angle 3.4 °3.2 ° min to max 3.6 ° 3.3 3.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 0.98 1.02 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 952 fpm936 fpm min to max 976 fpm 957 976 fpm
Info Average altitude 355 ft agl324 ft agl min to max 387 ft agl 324 387 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °3.4 ° min to max 3.7 ° 3.5 3.7 °
Enroute Climb 99.83Enroute climb started overhead Nanaimo (British Columbia, Canada). Climbing from 539 ft asl to 2,562 ft asl, an increase of 2,023 ft in 3 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 113 kt104 kt min to max 128 kt 110 126 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.9 °0.0 ° min to max 28.7 ° 3.0 4.0 °
98 % Average g force 1.01 g0.44 g min to max 1.39 g 1.04 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 904 fpm-1,431 fpm min to max 2,458 fpm 1,034 -197 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,514 ft asl539 ft asl min to max 2,593 ft asl 539 2,562 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.6 °-9.1 ° min to max 9.5 ° 4.0 -2.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 4 miles north west of CAC8 Nanaimo Harbour Water Aerodrome Nanaimo (British Columbia, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,680 ft asl2,557 ft asl min to max 2,762 ft asl 2,557 2,762 ft asl
100 % Average speed 129 kt127 kt min to max 130 kt 127 128 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.6 °0.0 ° min to max 6.8 ° 4.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.05 g 1.01 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -2.9 °-4.2 ° min to max -1.3 ° -1.7 -3.1 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 7 miles north west of CAC8 Nanaimo Harbour Water Aerodrome Nanaimo (British Columbia, Canada). Descent from 2,746 ft asl to 296 ft asl, a decrease of 2,449 ft in 3 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 103 kt80 kt min to max 132 kt 130 82 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.2 °0.0 ° min to max 14.2 ° 1.4 2.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.58 g min to max 1.41 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -760 fpm-2,653 fpm min to max -7 fpm -281 -158 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,056 ft asl296 ft asl min to max 2,746 ft asl 2,746 296 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.9 °-16.3 ° min to max 1.3 ° -4.2 -0.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles east of Parksville (British Columbia, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 179 ft asl91 ft asl min to max 293 ft asl 293 91 ft asl
100 % Average speed 73 kt60 kt min to max 82 kt 82 67 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.3 °0.0 ° min to max 22.8 ° 4.4 2.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.85 g min to max 1.34 g 0.98 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °-4.5 ° min to max 11.8 ° -0.4 -2.7 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 188 ft agl · 72 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 179 ft agl · 78 kt
Arrival Final 1 99.16Approaching landing ground 2 miles east of Parksville (British Columbia, Canada) from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 90 ft agl to 50 ft agl. A decrease of 40 ft in 3 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.6 °3.3 ° min to max 3.9 °Target 3.0 ° 3.9 3.3 °
100 % Average speed 68 kt67 kt min to max 69 kt 67 69 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.1 0.0 °
96 % Average bank angle 2.9 °0.2 ° min to max 4.6 ° 2.6 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 0.98 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -657 fpm-708 fpm min to max -553 fpm -688 -553 fpm
Info Average altitude 69 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 90 ft agl 90 50 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-2.8 ° min to max -0.9 ° -2.7 -0.9 °
00.250.50.751050Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-30-23-15-7.507.5152330Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 94.99Approaching touchdown 2 miles east of Parksville (British Columbia, Canada). Descent from 42 ft agl to 0 ft agl. A decrease of 42 ft in 7 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 69 kt. Target 70 kt
83 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.2 °
93 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 0.2 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.05 g 1.04 0.99 g
Info Average speed 67 kt64 kt min to max 69 kt 69 64 kt
Info Average VSI -343 fpm-546 fpm min to max -230 fpm -546 -380 fpm
Info Average altitude 20 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 42 ft agl 42 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-0.8 ° min to max 2.0 ° -0.8 1.1 °
07515022530001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-12-10-8-6-4-2024681012Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 97.34Touchdown 2 miles east of Parksville (British Columbia, Canada). Touchdown speed at 64 kt was good. Touchdown rate was firm at -380 fpm. Touchdown distance was good at 261 m. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Tailwind: 1 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Touchdown VSI was -380 fpm.
100 % Speed at touchdown 64 ktTarget below 66 kt
98 % Alignment max 3.50 m3.42 m left 3.32 3.50 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.2 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.19 g0.99 g min to max 1.47 g 0.99 1.21 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 63 kt61 kt min to max 64 kt 64 61 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-1.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 1.1 -0.4 °
Arrival Rollout 97.86Landing rollout 2 miles east of Parksville (British Columbia, Canada). Altitude0 ft asl. Distance was 59 m.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Alignment max 4.35 m4.35 m left to 0.00 m left 3.51 4.35 m
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.20 g 1.20 0.99 g
Info Average speed 48 kt36 kt min to max 59 kt 59 36 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.0 °-1.2 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.3 -1.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting rollout 2 miles east of Parksville (British Columbia, Canada), Average speed was 8 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 7 kt6 kt min to max 23 kt 23 10 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-1.2 ° min to max 1.1 ° -1.2 1.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.00 g 0.99 0.99 g

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 5 ft agl · 7 kt
Arrival Taxi 90.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 6 kt0 kt min to max 11 kt 10 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 4 ktmax 4 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-2.2 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.1 -0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.1 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Taxi Lights
Info Parking Brake On 6 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 6 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake On 6 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 6 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 6 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 6 ft agl · 1 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 85 kt with 1.1° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF1.1° off6° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090120150180210 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 5 kt 1.3° 0 s
Liftoff408 m · target 68 85 kt 1.1° 194 s
35 ft582 m · 3.7 s after liftoff 96 kt 5.6° 197 s
End of Climb 31,442 m · 387 ft 109 kt 3.7° 214 s

Takeoff from CAC8 31W

Takeoff roll100.00
455m67 %
Liftoff speed65.23
85kttarget 68, 17 fast
Runway alignment0.00
64.05m L
Bounce on takeoff0.00
Yes
Rate of climb76.37
745fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 387 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft at the runway end; then climbing at 1,110 fpm on average to 387 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

500 ft250 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 85 ktSCALE CHANGES0.9 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 682 m runway.

Rolled from 91 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 64 m at the widest, and lifted off 62 m left. Airborne 73 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

100200300400500600THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS1 kn75 %widest 64.07 m LROLL 91 M INAirborne 499 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 499 m of 682 m · 73 %
Behind the start of the roll, 91 mTakeoff roll, 408 m Left ahead, 183 m

Landing and touchdown on BUSH XX

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
42ft
Threshold speed100.00
68kttarget 70, 2 slow
Centreline offset100.00
0.05m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
264m
Centreline98.36
3.50m L
Speed100.00
63kttarget 66 or less
Touchdown rate90.36
-385fpm
Impact100.00
1.47G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 270° at 2 kt · 1 kt tail · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 65 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 4 s, an average deceleration of 0.49 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 18 m30 kt · 93 mtouchdown96 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 42 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 264 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

42 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −379 fpm · 1.1° nose up · 64 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 42 ft, down at 264 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 520 fpm at 43 ft to 230 fpm at 13 ft, then back up to 380 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.0° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−379 fpm at touchdown1.1° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,524 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 3.5 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 4 m left at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 264 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 264 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 323 m of 1,524 m · 21 %
In the air over the runway, 264 mRollout, 59 m Left over, 1,201 m
Rollout distance100.00
59m21 % used
Rollout alignment95.24
4.35m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with a departure roll from runway 31W at CAC8 Nanaimo Harbour Water Aerodrome, a water aerodrome located in Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada. The DHC-2 Beaver aircraft took off with a takeoff distance of 455 meters, which was 67% of the available runway. The liftoff speed was 85 knots.

As the aircraft climbed out of Nanaimo, it encountered local weather conditions of 16°C temperature and a wind of 10 knots at 260°. The crosswind was 8 knots, while the headwind was 5 knots. The enroute climb started overhead Nanaimo, where the aircraft ascended from 539 feet above sea level to 2,562 feet above sea level, an increase of 2,023 feet in just 3 minutes, covering a distance of 5 nautical miles.

After reaching the desired altitude, the aircraft entered a level cruise, which lasted for 2 minutes and covered 4 nautical miles. This cruise phase started 4 miles northwest of the Nanaimo Harbour Water Aerodrome. The aircraft then began its descent, which started 7 miles northwest of the aerodrome. The descent from 2,746 feet above sea level to 296 feet above sea level, a decrease of 2,449 feet in 3 minutes, covered a distance of 5 nautical miles.

The enroute level cruise phase was repeated, this time starting 3 miles east of Parksville, British Columbia, Canada. This cruise phase lasted for 2 minutes and covered 1 nautical mile. The final approach to landing began 2 miles east of Parksville, where the aircraft descended from 90 feet above ground level to 0 feet above ground level, a decrease of 42 feet in just 7 seconds.

The touchdown occurred 2 miles east of Parksville, with a touchdown speed of 64 knots and a firm touchdown rate of -380 feet per minute. The touchdown distance was good at 261 meters. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were 15°C temperature and a wind of 2 knots at 270°, with a crosswind of 1 knot and a tailwind of 1 knot.

After touchdown, the aircraft began its landing rollout, which covered a distance of 59 meters. The aircraft then taxied to the parking area, taking 3 minutes to cover less than 1 nautical mile. The total flight distance was 15 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 13 minutes. Notably, the aircraft used 0 kilograms of fuel during the flight.

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