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TJCP
Isla De Culebra, Puerto Rico
Runway 13
Elevation43 ft asl
Weight3,849 kg
Fuel610 kg
Wind105° · 9 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

80.97 %
TJCP
Isla De Culebra, Puerto Rico
Runway 13
Elevation43 ft asl
Weight3,827 kg
Fuel575 kg
Wind104° · 8 kn · 2 kn cross
21 Jan 2024 0:10 10 nm PC-12 35 kg
Departure Score
95.65 %
Pattern Score
84.54 %
Arrival Score
62.71 %

What went well

Touchdown 460 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 1.59 m off the centreline, no bounce
Airborne in 454 m — 57 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Rollout — Landing distance 786 m at 2 %, Runway alignment max 4.67 m at 89 %, −5.46 points
Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 0 %, bank angle up to 22.9 ° at 45 %, −4.92 points
Pattern Crosswind — Heading -15.4 ° at 30 %, −2.09 points

Next time

Work on the flare

See Arrival Landing

Fast at the threshold, normal flare, and the runway seems to refuse the aircraft. The instinctive fix - pushing it on - causes the next one. A fast aircraft forced onto the runway touches nosewheel-first or nearly so. The tell is a touchdown that feels soft followed by a bounce that steepens. Pilots fix the bounce recovery; the cause was the 10 knots at the threshold.

Read more in VRef Explained

Start to finish · 12 stages, 12 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 7 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 6 kn0 kn min to max 9 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 5 knmax 5 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °-1.0 ° min to max 2.0 ° 0.7 -0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 1.3 0.2 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Info Flaps Position 1 5 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 5 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 5 ft agl · 7 kt
Departure Roll 92.62Departure roll runway 13 at TJCP Benjamin Rivera Noriega. Takeoff distance 1,222 m 155 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 102 kn. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 9 kn at 104 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 9 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 1,222 m155 % of runway
64 % Liftoff speed was 102 knTarget 90 kn
99 % Runway alignment max 2.93 m1.86 m left to 1.06 m right 0.94 -1.06 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-1.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.0 °

Events

Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Fail Taxi Light ON should OFF
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 13 TJCP Benjamin Rivera Noriega.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average speed 111 kn103 kn min to max 118 kn 103 118 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g1.00 g min to max 1.21 g 1.00 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 448 ft/m166 ft/m min to max 658 ft/m 166 658 ft/m
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl-2 ft agl min to max 31 ft agl 0 31 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °-0.7 ° min to max 4.4 ° -0.7 4.3 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 26 ft agl · 117 kt
Departure Climb 2 90.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 13 TJCP Benjamin Rivera Noriega.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 125 kn118 kn min to max 133 kn 118 131 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 4.9 ° 0.2 3.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.92 g min to max 1.05 g 1.04 0.96 g
Info Average VSI 598 ft/m60 ft/m min to max 1,191 ft/m 667 60 ft/m
Info Average altitude 237 ft agl32 ft agl min to max 540 ft agl 32 540 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °0.7 ° min to max 5.6 ° 4.3 1.2 °
Pattern Entry 100.00Left hand pattern entry from runway 13 TJCP Benjamin Rivera Noriega. Distance was less than 1 nm in 45 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 132 kn126 kn min to max 136 kn 131 134 kn
100 % Average bank angle 20.5 °6.6 ° min to max 24.2 ° 6.6 23.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.94 g min to max 1.17 g 0.95 1.09 g
Info Average VSI 102 ft/m-450 ft/m min to max 689 ft/m -4 606 ft/m
Info Average altitude 537 ft agl464 ft agl min to max 609 ft agl 522 600 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °1.4 ° min to max 7.6 ° 1.4 6.4 °
Pattern Crosswind 68.69Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 13 TJCP Benjamin Rivera Noriega. Distance was less than 1 nm in 14 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
30 % Heading -15.4 °-31.1 ° min to max 4.5 ° 4.5 -31.1 °
100 % Average speed 133 kn132 kn min to max 136 kn 136 132 kn
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.99 g min to max 1.12 g 1.09 1.06 g
Info Average VSI 676 ft/m394 ft/m min to max 993 ft/m 670 993 ft/m
Info Average altitude 699 ft agl612 ft agl min to max 783 ft agl 612 783 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 20.1 °4.2 ° min to max 29.4 ° 23.5 4.2 °
Info Average pitch angle 5.5 °4.1 ° min to max 7.1 ° 6.0 4.7 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 86.71Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 3 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 28.9 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
56 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 28.9 °.
100 % Average speed 133 kn128 kn min to max 137 kn 132 137 kn
100 % Average bank angle 13.1 °1.4 ° min to max 30.7 ° 2.6 7.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.90 g min to max 1.19 g 1.02 1.06 g
Info Average VSI 315 ft/m-523 ft/m min to max 1,186 ft/m 1,096 531 ft/m
Info Average altitude 948 ft agl802 ft agl min to max 999 ft agl 802 999 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °1.4 ° min to max 4.7 ° 4.6 2.7 °
Pattern Downwind 88.99Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 4 nm in 104 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -3.4 °-23.0 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.4 -23.0 °
63 % Average altitude 1,214 ft agl1,010 ft agl min to max 1,334 ft agl 1,010 1,255 ft agl
100 % Average speed 118 kn100 kn min to max 137 kn 137 103 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.09 g 1.07 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 154 ft/m-839 ft/m min to max 1,024 ft/m 637 -785 ft/m
Info Average bank angle 2.1 °0.0 ° min to max 18.7 ° 3.8 18.7 °
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-2.5 ° min to max 4.2 ° 2.9 -1.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 1,249 ft agl · 127 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,255 ft agl · 126 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 78.31Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 0 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 21.9 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
28 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 21.9 °.
100 % Average speed 95 kn86 kn min to max 109 kn 103 93 kn
100 % Average bank angle 11.7 °0.1 ° min to max 26.4 ° 19.3 16.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.87 g min to max 1.25 g 1.05 1.10 g
Info Average VSI -920 ft/m-1,486 ft/m min to max -146 ft/m -726 -870 ft/m
Info Average altitude 414 ft agl43 ft agl min to max 1,243 ft agl 1,243 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-5.4 ° min to max 2.2 ° -0.9 0.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 1,185 ft agl · 109 kt
Arrival Landing 55.73Landing on runway 13 at TJCP Benjamin Rivera Noriega, runway length 790 m. Threshold height at 67 ft agl was above target. Threshold speed was well above target at 93 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Threshold speed was well above target at 93 kn. Target 82 kn
0 % Landing and flare profile
82 % Heading variation 0.4 °-0.5 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 -0.5 °
45 % Average bank angle 11.4 °0.2 ° min to max 22.9 ° 16.8 9.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.86 g min to max 1.17 g 1.09 1.07 g
Info Average speed 89 kn83 kn min to max 94 kn 93 83 kn
Info Average VSI -367 ft/m-864 ft/m min to max 101 ft/m -864 -493 ft/m
Info Average altitude 33 ft agl8 ft agl min to max 67 ft agl 67 8 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-1.2 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.6 0.8 °
07515022530037545052560067501326405366Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525600675-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-10123456789Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 81.49Touchdown point was excessively long using more than 75% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 83 knwas fast. Touchdown rate was hard at -493 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 8 kn at 103 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 8 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
53 % Touchdown VSI was -493 ft/m.
94 % Touchdown distance was 462 mTarget 416 m
97 % Speed at touchdown 83 knTarget 74 kn
95 % Runway alignment max 2.93 m2.35 m right -2.65 -1.59 m
11 % Average bank angle 3.2 °1.0 ° min to max 9.2 ° 9.2 1.0 °
94 % Average g force 1.05 g0.89 g min to max 1.35 g 1.07 1.12 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 81 kn79 kn min to max 83 kn 83 79 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-1.3 ° min to max 3.1 ° 0.8 0.0 °
Arrival Rollout 50.90Total landing distance 786 m, 99 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
2 % Landing distance 786 m99 % of runway.
89 % Runway alignment max 4.67 m0.00 m left to 4.67 m right -1.65 -1.53 m
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 1.00 g
Info Average speed 68 kn39 kn min to max 73 kn 73 39 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.6 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 -0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.8 0.5 °

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 102 kt with −0.7° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

150 kt10050020°10°0°LIFTOFF-0.7° off4° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH020406080 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 14 kt -0.1° 0 s
80 kt222 m 80 kt -0.8° 9.8 s
Liftoff419 m 102 kt -0.7° 14.2 s
35 ft700 m · 5.1 s after liftoff 118 kt 4.3° 19.3 s
End of the climb4,803 m · 539 ft 131 kt 1.2° 86 s

Takeoff from TJCP 13

Takeoff roll100.00
454m57 %
Liftoff speed64.26
102kt
Runway alignment98.83
1.86m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb100.00
447fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 539 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 52 m of runway left; then climbing at 450 fpm on average to 539 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

750 ft375 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 102 ktSCALE CHANGES4.1 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 790 m runway.

Rolled from 38 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 1.9 m at the widest, and lifted off 1.1 m right. Airborne 57 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

100200300400500600700THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS2 kn75 %widest 1.86 m LROLL 38 M INAirborne 457 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 457 m of 790 m · 58 %
Behind the start of the roll, 38 mTakeoff roll, 419 m Left ahead, 333 m

The circuit to TJCP 13

Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.

Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 1.2 nm out at 123 kt

How to read this

The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.

45° to the thresholdTHRLANDING123crosswinddownwind90+75-89under 75not a circuit legtextbook circuit

Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded

How to read this

The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.

05001,0001,5000°30°HEIGHT ftBANKcircuit height 1,000 ftturn crosswind from 700 ft28°131°226°3distance flown →
HeightBankA turnCircuit height ±50 ft30° of bank
1Crosswind turn
Turned at
566 ft
Bank
28°
Speed
132 kt

Off heading: 15° from the leg's heading on average.

Each lap slightly wider and higher than the last, because you're unconsciously using the previous lap as your reference instead of the runway and the numbers. Invisible lap to lap, unmistakable across ten. This is the failure that only measurement catches, because your memory of lap three is gone by lap eight.

Read more in Pattern Work
2Onto downwind
Bank
31°
Height
1,214 ft on 1,000 ft
Speed
118 kt
Out
1.8 nm 1.2 suits 123 kt

Turn onto downwind: scored 56.

The 45-degrees-behind-the-wing cue assumes you can turn your head and use peripheral vision. Downwind spacing cues like "put the wingtip halfway up the strut" assume a fixed, known eyepoint. Neither survives a monitor unmodified. If you fly on a fixed monitor, stop pretending and fly a numbers-based circuit.

Read more in Pattern Work
3Base turn
Angle
22° target 45°
Bank
26°
Height
1,243 ft

Late: turned base with the threshold 22° behind, against 45°.

The stopwatch. From abeam the threshold, fly roughly 30 to 45 seconds before turning base, in nil wind at 172 speeds. Treat that as a starting value and calibrate it. If your finals keep coming out at 400 ft instead of 500, add a few seconds. Then adjust for wind, roughly a second per knot of headwind on final (a headwind on final is a tailwind on downwind, carrying you further from the field per second).

Read more in Pattern Work
Entry100Crosswind69Turn onto downwind87Downwind89Base turn78

The approach to TJCP 13

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

On the glideslope from 1.4 nm, where the final began, to 0.5 nm, then high to the threshold (up to 150 ft over).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND757509360
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 1,534 m left of the centreline at 1.4 nm.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND1534 m L944 m L375 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on TJCP 13

Over the threshold

Threshold height58.56
66ft
Threshold speed93.42
93kt
Centreline offset82.00
0.29m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
460m
Centreline95.15
2.93m R
Speed97.11
83kt
Touchdown rate53.38
-493fpm
Impact94.29
1.35G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 5° right of the track, 9° of bank.

Wind 104° at 8 kt · 8 kt head · 2 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 790 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 66 ft, 16 ft above the 50 ft target. Touched down 460 m in, 155 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 790 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

66 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −492 fpm · 0.8° nose up · 83 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 66 ft, down at 460 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From 34 ft the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 300 fpm before coming down at 490 fpm to touch. The pitch barely changed.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−2°4°10°touchdown−492 fpm at touchdown0.8° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 790 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 1.6 m right of the centreline, and stayed within 2.9 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 460 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 460 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 492 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 644 m of 790 m · 82 %
In the air over the runway, 460 mRollout, 184 m Left over, 146 m
Rollout distance72.84
184m82 % used
Rollout alignment89.14
4.67m R

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