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UBBG
Ganja, Azerbaijan
Runway 12
Elevation1,066 ft asl
Weight3,362 kg
Fuel538 kg
Wind80° · 5 kn · 4 kn cross

Flight Score

95.63 %
UBBG
Ganja, Azerbaijan
Runway 12
Elevation1,066 ft asl
Weight3,348 kg
Fuel523 kg
Wind80° · 6 kn · 4 kn cross
11 Nov 2026 0:04 7 nm Pilatus PC-12 14 kg
Departure Score
93.55 %
Pattern Score
94.64 %
Arrival Score
98.71 %

What went well

Touched down at -83 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 280 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 2.44 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, Strobe Lights at 0 %, −2.15 points
Pattern Downwind Turn — bank angle up to 42.1 ° at 44 %, −0.80 points
Pattern Final Turn — bank angle up to 38.7 ° at 63 %, −0.80 points

Next time

Departure

Hold the nose down until the speed reaches 79 kt, then rotate.

What happened: You started the rotation at 60 kt, 19 kt before the 79 kt rotation speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 79 kt at rotation

See Departure Roll

Arrival

Add power on short final to hold 86 kt at the threshold rather than letting speed decay.

What happened: You crossed the threshold at 75 kt against a target of 86 kt, below reference speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator, hold 86 kt down to the threshold.

See Arrival Landing

A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 16 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 12 at UBBG Ganja International Airport, Average speed was 32 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 30 kt30 kt min to max 30 kt 30 30 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °0.4 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.4 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.4 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.4 0.5 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 80.64Departure roll runway 12 at UBBG Ganja International Airport. Takeoff distance 1,124 m 34 % of runway. Rotation speed was 60 kt. Local weather - Temperature 10 °C. Wind 5 kt at 80 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,124 m34 % of runway
67 % Rotation speed was 60 ktTarget 79 kt
86 % Runway alignment max 11.40 m left11.40 m left to 3.54 m right 0.51 11.40 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.03 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °0.5 ° min to max 5.8 ° 0.5 5.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.2 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.4 2.2 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 12 UBBG Ganja International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.6 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.6 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 75 kt71 kt min to max 79 kt 71 79 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 2.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 2.2 2.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g1.00 g min to max 1.09 g 1.03 1.06 g
Info Average VSI 528 fpm294 fpm min to max 707 fpm 294 707 fpm
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 35 ft agl 0 35 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.3 °5.8 ° min to max 10.1 ° 5.8 10.1 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 32 ft agl · 77 kt
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 12 UBBG Ganja International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 80 kt77 kt min to max 82 kt 80 82 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 4.8 °1.5 ° min to max 4.8 ° 3.2 4.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.86 g min to max 1.16 g 1.05 0.88 g
Info Average VSI 1,036 fpm748 fpm min to max 1,389 fpm 819 748 fpm
Info Average altitude 80 ft agl48 ft agl min to max 233 ft agl 48 233 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.8 °8.8 ° min to max 14.2 ° 10.7 8.8 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Autopilot Avionics Managed Activated 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 71 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 114 ft agl · 80 kt
Pattern Entry 100.00Left hand pattern entry from runway 12 UBBG Ganja International Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 29 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 103 kt83 kt min to max 120 kt 83 120 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 34.3 °0.1 ° min to max 34.3 ° 5.5 34.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.94 g min to max 1.18 g 0.94 1.18 g
Info Average VSI 1,288 fpm530 fpm min to max 1,908 fpm 611 1,617 fpm
Info Average altitude 526 ft agl245 ft agl min to max 948 ft agl 245 948 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.6 °7.8 ° min to max 13.4 ° 8.6 11.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 321 ft agl · 94 kt
Pattern Crosswind 100.00Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 12 UBBG Ganja International Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 5 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading 0.9 °-14.7 ° min to max 12.0 ° 12.0 -14.7 °
100 % Average speed 122 kt120 kt min to max 125 kt 121 125 kt
100 % Average g force 1.18 g1.10 g min to max 1.20 g 1.20 1.10 g
Info Average VSI 1,625 fpm1,532 fpm min to max 1,668 fpm 1,635 1,532 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,051 ft agl979 ft agl min to max 1,121 ft agl 979 1,121 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 37.1 °34.9 ° min to max 39.0 ° 34.9 39.0 °
Info Average pitch angle 10.9 °8.4 ° min to max 11.7 ° 11.7 8.4 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 83.13Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to the runway's far end 131.9 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 140 kt128 kt min to max 150 kt 128 128 kt
44 % Steepest bank angle 42.1 °0.0 ° min to max 42.1 ° 39.7 14.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.87 g min to max 1.29 g 1.14 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 340 fpm-465 fpm min to max 1,348 fpm 1,348 455 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,250 ft agl1,145 ft agl min to max 1,309 ft agl 1,145 1,309 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °-0.4 ° min to max 7.8 ° 7.8 5.1 °
Pattern Downwind 96.23Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 1 nm in 42 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading 3.4 °-18.9 ° min to max 15.0 ° 15.0 -18.9 °
87 % Average altitude 1,106 ft agl862 ft agl min to max 1,329 ft agl 1,317 862 ft agl
100 % Average speed 125 kt119 kt min to max 130 kt 127 119 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.74 g min to max 1.19 g 1.02 1.06 g
Info Average VSI -601 fpm-1,310 fpm min to max 475 fpm 475 -1,075 fpm
Info Average bank angle 7.0 °0.0 ° min to max 32.0 ° 14.1 30.9 °
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-4.4 ° min to max 4.8 ° 4.8 -4.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,321 ft agl · 130 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 99.93Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 36.5 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 36.5 °.
100 % Average speed 121 kt118 kt min to max 125 kt 120 118 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 31.5 °3.8 ° min to max 31.5 ° 28.7 31.5 °
99 % Average g force 1.09 g0.91 g min to max 1.34 g 1.09 1.08 g
Info Average VSI -850 fpm-1,632 fpm min to max 58 fpm -1,239 -715 fpm
Info Average altitude 710 ft agl645 ft agl min to max 841 ft agl 841 645 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.9 °-6.6 ° min to max 2.0 ° -4.8 -3.6 °
Pattern Base Leg 100.00Pattern Base Leg. Distance was less than 1 nm in 7 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading 2.7 °-13.6 ° min to max 16.6 ° 16.6 -13.6 °
100 % Average speed 119 kt118 kt min to max 120 kt 118 118 kt
100 % Average g force 1.15 g1.05 g min to max 1.29 g 1.05 1.29 g
Info Average VSI -933 fpm-1,118 fpm min to max -738 fpm -944 -738 fpm
Info Average altitude 556 ft agl491 ft agl min to max 632 ft agl 632 491 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 26.3 °24.3 ° min to max 30.6 ° 29.2 30.6 °
Info Average pitch angle -3.0 °-4.8 ° min to max 0.2 ° -4.6 0.2 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 680 ft agl · 120 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 589 ft agl · 120 kt
Pattern Final Turn 83.22Pattern Final Turn. Distance was 1 nm in 42 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 88 kt78 kt min to max 116 kt 116 79 kt
63 % Steepest bank angle 38.7 °1.0 ° min to max 38.7 ° 31.8 1.0 °
99.9 % Average g force 1.05 g0.93 g min to max 1.32 g 1.30 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -423 fpm-961 fpm min to max -48 fpm -521 -344 fpm
Info Average altitude 328 ft agl183 ft agl min to max 480 ft agl 480 183 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-3.5 ° min to max 2.3 ° 0.9 0.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 428 ft agl · 93 kt
Arrival Approach Final approach to runway 12 at UBBG Ganja International Airport. Descent from 480 ft agl to 53 ft agl in 55 seconds. Not scored on a circuit: the stabilisation gate is shown for reference.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
100 % On speedpassed

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 428 ft agl · 93 kt
Arrival Landing 96.12Landing on runway 12 at UBBG Ganja International Airport, runway length 3,292 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 75 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
84 % Threshold speed was a little below target at 75 kt. Target 86 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 6.01 m left6.01 m left to 3.03 m left 6.01 3.03 m
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.7 0.2 °
100 % Peak g force 1.12 g0.90 g min to max 1.12 g 1.02 1.00 g
Info Average speed 72 kt67 kt min to max 76 kt 75 67 kt
Info Average VSI -247 fpm-417 fpm min to max -54 fpm -354 -54 fpm
Info Average altitude 11 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 31 ft agl 31 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.6 °-0.6 ° min to max 6.3 ° 1.0 6.3 °
07515022530037501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-25-20-15-10-50510152025Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 100.00Touchdown distance was good at 280 m. Touchdown speed at 67 kt was good. Touchdown rate was excellent at -83 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 9 °C. Wind 7 kt at 80 °. Crosswind: 5 kt Headwind: 5 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -83 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 280 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 67 ktTarget below 80 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 3.03 m left2.70 m left 3.03 2.44 m
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.2 0.5 °
100 % Peak g force 1.10 g0.94 g min to max 1.10 g 1.00 1.04 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 67 kt66 kt min to max 67 kt 67 66 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.7 °4.9 ° min to max 6.5 ° 6.3 5.8 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 774 m, 24 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 774 m24 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 3.98 m left3.98 m left to 0.12 m right 3.93 0.51 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.00 g
Info Average speed 50 kt32 kt min to max 61 kt 61 32 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °-0.7 ° min to max 6.0 ° 5.8 -0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.1 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.6 0.6 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 15 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 15 kt0 kt min to max 32 kt 32 3 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.6 ° min to max 1.2 ° -0.4 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.6 0.4 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 5 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 5 ft agl · 8 kt

Takeoff from UBBG 12

Taxi out

Lights0.00
Offlanding and strobes

The roll

Takeoff roll100.00
1,124m34 %
Runway alignment86.10
11.40m L
Rotation speed67.10
60kttarget 79, 19 early

Rotated early

The nose came up at 60 kt, 19 kt before the 79 kt rotate speed.

The rotate speed is set for the weight and the flap, and the nose should not start up before it. Lifting it early brings the aircraft to its liftoff attitude with less speed in hand, and on a long fuselage that is the tail-strike case. Keep the hands still until the speed is there, then make one smooth, continuous pull.

Liftoff and climb

Liftoff
70ktat 5.6°
Rotation
1.3°/sover 2.8 s, gaining 10 kt
35 ft
80ktat 10.7°, 7.0 s after liftoff
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Bank after liftoff100.00
2.9°steepest

Plan view the roll down the 3,292 m runway.

Rolled from 801 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 10 m at the widest, and lifted off 10 m left. Airborne 33 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS3 kn75 %widest 10.07 m LROLL 801 M INAirborne 1,099 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,099 m of 3,292 m · 33 %
Behind the start of the roll, 801 mTakeoff roll, 298 m Left ahead, 2,193 m

Side view from the start of the roll to 233 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,915 m of runway left; then climbing at 830 fpm on average to 233 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLnose up on the runway · 87 m · 2.8 sRotate 60 kttarget 79Liftoff 70 kt
On the runwayNose up, wheels on the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second.

90 kt6030020°10°0°nose up on the runway · 87 m · 2.8 sROTATELIFTOFFtarget 795.6° off · 1.3°/s11° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH01020 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganNose up, wheels on the runway

The circuit to UBBG 12

Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.

Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 1.3 nm out at 125 kt

How to read this

The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.

45° to the thresholdTHRLANDING1234crosswinddownwindbase90+75-89under 75not a circuit legtextbook circuit

Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded

How to read this

The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.

05001,0001,5000°30°HEIGHT ftBANKcircuit height 1,000 ftturn crosswind from 500 ft36°142°231°339°4distance flown →
HeightBankA turnCircuit height ±50 ft30° of bank
1Crosswind turn
Turned at
822 ft before the runway end
Bank
36°
Speed
115 kt

Early: turned crosswind before the end of the runway, at 822 ft.

Upwind (departure). Climb straight ahead on the extended centreline. Don't turn early. A curved departure leg makes every subsequent leg unrepeatable.

Read more in Pattern Work
2Onto downwind
Bank
42°
Height
1,106 ft on 1,000 ft
Speed
125 kt
Out
1.0 nm 1.3 suits 125 kt

Steep: 42° of bank.

Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.

Read more in Pattern Work
3Base turn
Angle
36° target 45°
Bank
31°
Height
842 ft

Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.

4Final turn
Bank
39°
Overshoot
none
Speed
88 kt

Steep: 39° of bank.

From abeam the threshold, fly roughly 30 to 45 seconds before turning base, in nil wind at 172 speeds. Treat that as a starting value and calibrate it. If your finals keep coming out at 400 ft instead of 500, add a few seconds. Then adjust for wind, roughly a second per knot of headwind on final (a headwind on final is a tailwind on downwind, carrying you further from the field per second).

Read more in Pattern Work
Entry100Crosswind100Turn onto downwind83Downwind96Base turn100Base100Final turn83

The approach to UBBG 12

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 1.2 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 30 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND359217
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 530 m left of the centreline at 1.2 nm, then inside the band from 0.4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND331 m L25 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 43 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 26 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band from 1.2 nm, where the final began, to 0.5 nm, then slow to the threshold (up to −13 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 86+6 kt−6 kt−11 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on UBBG 12

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
30ft
Threshold speed84.47
75kttarget 86, 11 slow
Centreline offset100.00
6.01m L
Bank100.00
0.8°steepest
Flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
280m
Centreline100.00
3.03m L
Speed100.00
67kttarget 80 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-83fpm
Impact100.00
1.10G
BouncesOk
None
Bank100.00
0.5°as the wheels touched

Rollout

Rollout distance100.00
448m22 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
3.98m L

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Began the flare at 35 ft, 29 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 30 ft, 20 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 280 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

30 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare began at 35 ft, 29 m before the threshold−311 fpm · 1.8° · 77 ktdescent slowed at 1 ft · −50 fpm · 5.6°−82 fpm · 6.3° nose up · 67 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 30 ft, down at 280 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 310 fpm at the flare to 80 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.5° on the way down. Into the flare at 77 kt, 9 kt under the 86 kt approach speed, and 67 kt at touchdown.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°descent slowedtouchdown−82 fpm at touchdown6.3° at touchdown, +4.5° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,292 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 2.4 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 4.4 m left at the widest. 4 kt across from the left, which takes about 3° of crab to hold the centreline at 67 kt. Touched down with the nose 4° into wind, wings level.

Wind 080° at 6 kt · 4 kt head · 4 kt across

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 4 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 280 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 280 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 728 m of 3,292 m · 22 %
In the air over the runway, 280 mRollout, 448 m Left over, 2,564 m

The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.

From 64 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 19 s, an average deceleration of 0.09 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 72 m30 kt · 500 mtouchdown520 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

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Flight narrative

The Pilatus PC-12 departed from runway 12 at UBBG Ganja International Airport. Take-off used 1,124 m, 34 % of the runway, with rotation at 60 kt. Local weather was 10 °C, wind 5 kt from 080°, giving a 4 kt crosswind and a 3 kt headwind.

During the initial climb the aircraft reached 400 ft agl in 14 seconds, averaging 855 fpm and attaining 82 kt at the top of the climb.

The left-hand circuit for runway 12 lasted 3 minutes. The downwind leg was 1 nm, flown in 42 seconds at 1,110 ft agl, and the base leg was less than 1 nm, completed in 7 seconds.

On final approach the descent was from 480 ft agl to 53 ft agl in 55 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 500 ft above the runway were met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, on glideslope, on speed.

Landing was on runway 12, whose length is 3,292 m and had a good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 75 kt. The flare was described as perfect. Touchdown occurred 280 m down the runway at 67 kt with a rate of -83 fpm; alignment was very good and there was no bounce. Total landing distance was 774 m, 24 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was very good.

Local weather at landing was 9 °C, wind 7 kt from 080°, giving a 5 kt crosswind and a 5 kt headwind.

The entire flight covered 7 nm in 4 minutes and consumed 14 kg of fuel.

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