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LSZA
Agno, Switzerland
Runway 01
Elevation906 ft asl
Weight2,433 lbs
Fuel461 lbs
WindCalm

Flight Score

97.87 %
LSZA
Agno, Switzerland
Runway 01
Elevation906 ft asl
Weight2,425 lbs
Fuel452 lbs
WindCalm
4 Nov 2025 0:17 15 nm PA28 Arrow III 9 lbs
Departure Score
95.73 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
97.89 %

What went well

Touched down at -69 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 1,234 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 27 ft and 77 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Taxi — Taxi Lights at 0 %, −0.67 points
Arrival Taxi — Taxi Lights at 0 %, Landing Lights at 1 %, −0.47 points
Departure Climb 3 — bank angle up to 14.4 ° at 67 %, −0.44 points

Next time

Improve the taxi

See Departure Taxi

Twenty knots on a monitor produces the visual sensation of about ten. The advice to "taxi at a walking pace" cannot fix this, because your sense of walking pace is exactly the thing that's broken. Put the groundspeed readout in your scan and obey it for the next fifty flights, the way a student pilot leans on the airspeed indicator before learning to read attitude.

Read more in How to Taxi Anywhere

Start to finish · 18 stages, 16 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 4 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 4 kt0 kt min to max 8 kt 8 6 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 6 ktmax 6 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °0.4 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.4 1.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.0 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 01 at LSZA Lugano Airport, Average speed was 11 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 11 kt0 kt min to max 30 kt 6 30 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.2 1.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.4 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 01 at LSZA Lugano Airport. Takeoff distance 1,465 ft 44 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 77 kt. Local weather - Temperature 38 °F. .
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,465 ft44 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 77 ktTarget 70 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 5.7 ft left5.7 ft left to 3.2 ft right -1.0 -3.2 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.07 g 0.99 1.07 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-0.0 ° min to max 3.2 ° 1.2 3.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.5 0.6 °
Departure Climb 1 99.05Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 01 LSZA Lugano Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -0.3 °
100 % Average speed 82 kt78 kt min to max 85 kt 78 85 kt
96 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.1 ° min to max 3.4 ° 0.7 3.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.98 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 333 fpm236 fpm min to max 475 fpm 236 475 fpm
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 44 ft agl 0 44 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.3 °3.2 ° min to max 7.2 ° 3.2 7.2 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 16 ft agl · 80 kt
Departure Climb 2 96.15Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 01 LSZA Lugano Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.6 ° min to max 0.3 ° -0.4 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 87 kt85 kt min to max 99 kt 85 94 kt
85 % Average bank angle 4.4 °1.7 ° min to max 7.8 ° 3.5 7.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.76 g min to max 1.13 g 1.05 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 685 fpm-99 fpm min to max 1,620 fpm 481 763 fpm
Info Average altitude 131 ft agl45 ft agl min to max 455 ft agl 45 455 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.3 °0.5 ° min to max 11.4 ° 7.2 5.8 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 160 ft agl · 91 kt
Departure Climb 3 93.46Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 01 LSZA Lugano Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 1.1 °0.5 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.5 2.2 °
100 % Average speed 98 kt95 kt min to max 100 kt 95 100 kt
67 % Average bank angle 12.7 °9.7 ° min to max 14.4 ° 9.7 14.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.06 g 0.97 1.06 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 686 fpm588 fpm min to max 894 fpm 682 894 fpm
Info Average altitude 513 ft agl466 ft agl min to max 570 ft agl 466 570 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °5.4 ° min to max 7.4 ° 5.6 7.4 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Cadempino (Ticino, Switzerland). Climbing from 1,487 ft asl to 2,287 ft asl, an increase of 800 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 103 kt98 kt min to max 109 kt 100 109 kt
100 % Average bank angle 12.2 °7.1 ° min to max 16.0 ° 14.6 7.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.06 g 1.06 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 741 fpm345 fpm min to max 1,152 fpm 976 523 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,955 ft asl1,487 ft asl min to max 2,287 ft asl 1,487 2,287 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °2.6 ° min to max 8.5 ° 7.9 3.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Lugano (Ticino, Switzerland) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±615 ft of 2,418 ft asl2,296 ft asl min to max 2,459 ft asl 2,296 2,350 ft asl
100 % Average speed 121 kt108 kt min to max 130 kt 109 128 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.6 °1.0 ° min to max 10.1 ° 7.3 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.95 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-3.8 ° min to max 3.5 ° 3.5 -3.4 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Melide (Ticino, Switzerland). Descent from 2,342 ft asl to 1,865 ft asl, a decrease of 477 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 128 kt126 kt min to max 131 kt 129 130 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.3 °0.4 ° min to max 14.9 ° 1.0 14.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.02 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -310 fpm-498 fpm min to max -93 fpm -495 -307 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,117 ft asl1,865 ft asl min to max 2,342 ft asl 2,342 1,865 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.4 °-3.2 ° min to max -1.5 ° -3.2 -2.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 1,247 ft agl · 130 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Morcote (Ticino, Switzerland) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±593 ft of 1,652 ft asl1,485 ft asl min to max 1,861 ft asl 1,861 1,485 ft asl
100 % Average speed 107 kt90 kt min to max 130 kt 130 90 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.0 °1.1 ° min to max 14.8 ° 14.8 1.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.90 g min to max 1.06 g 1.04 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-2.7 ° min to max 1.5 ° -2.0 1.2 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 818 ft agl · 116 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 633 ft agl · 100 kt
Arrival Final 3 98.89Approaching runway 01 at LSZA Lugano Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 576 ft agl to 458 ft agl. A decrease of 119 ft in 24 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.2 °2.1 ° min to max 2.2 °Target 3.0 ° 2.1 2.2 °
100 % Average speed 85 kt82 kt min to max 90 kt 90 82 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.5 ° -0.1 0.4 °
94 % Average bank angle 4.1 °2.6 ° min to max 5.0 ° 2.6 4.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.03 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -284 fpm-374 fpm min to max -130 fpm -165 -259 fpm
Info Average altitude 517 ft agl458 ft agl min to max 576 ft agl 576 458 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-0.5 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.1 1.1 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 592 ft agl · 89 kt
22.252.52.753400450500550600650700750800850900950Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-210-158-105-53053105158210Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 2 99.06Approaching runway 01 at LSZA Lugano Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 453 ft agl to 247 ft agl. A decrease of 207 ft in 42 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.3 °2.2 ° min to max 2.4 °Target 3.0 ° 2.2 2.4 °
100 % Average speed 81 kt81 kt min to max 82 kt 82 81 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.2 °
95 % Average bank angle 2.2 °0.4 ° min to max 4.7 ° 2.3 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -283 fpm-385 fpm min to max -200 fpm -255 -275 fpm
Info Average altitude 351 ft agl247 ft agl min to max 453 ft agl 453 247 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °0.2 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.1 1.0 °
11.251.51.752200250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-170-128-85-4304385128170Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 100.00Approaching runway 01 at LSZA Lugano Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 242 ft agl to 21 ft agl. A decrease of 221 ft in 36 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.4 °1.8 ° min to max 2.9 °Target 3.0 ° 2.4 1.8 °
100 % Average speed 79 kt78 kt min to max 82 kt 81 78 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 3.0 2.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -467 fpm-521 fpm min to max -236 fpm -268 -521 fpm
Info Average altitude 77 ft agl21 ft agl min to max 242 ft agl 242 21 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-1.2 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.1 -1.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 168 ft agl · 81 kt
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-110-83-55-280285583110Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 97.26Landing on runway 01 at LSZA Lugano Airport, runway length 3,363 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 78 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 78 kt. Target 71 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
90 % Very good landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.0 ft left0.0 ft left to 0.0 ft right 0.0 0.0 ft
98 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 2.5 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.94 g min to max 1.10 g 1.00 0.97 g
Info Average speed 73 kt64 kt min to max 78 kt 78 64 kt
Info Average VSI -206 fpm-523 fpm min to max 19 fpm -522 -4 fpm
Info Average altitude 6 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 27 ft agl 27 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °-1.0 ° min to max 4.6 ° -1.0 4.1 °
02505007501,0001,2501,50001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,500-60-48-36-24-1201224364860Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 100.00Touchdown distance was good at 1,232 ft. Touchdown speed at 64 kt was good. Touchdown rate was perfect at -4 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 37 °F. .
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -4 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 1,232 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 64 ktTarget below 66 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.6 ft left2.3 ft left 2.0 2.6 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.05 g 0.97 1.02 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 64 kt63 kt min to max 64 kt 64 63 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °3.8 ° min to max 4.1 ° 4.1 3.8 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 2,041 ft, 61 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 2,041 ft61 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 4.0 ft left4.0 ft left to 0.1 ft right 2.6 -0.1 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Average speed 58 kt38 kt min to max 62 kt 62 38 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °-0.2 ° min to max 3.8 ° 3.8 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.3 0.7 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 2 ft agl · 51 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 45 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl · 38 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 12 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 11 kt6 kt min to max 31 kt 31 14 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-1.4 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.4 1.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.2 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 2 ft agl · 12 kt
Arrival Taxi 90.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 8 kt5 kt min to max 14 kt 14 5 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 13 ktmax 13 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °1.1 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.3 1.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Taxi Lights
Info Engine 1 Stopped 2 ft agl · 5 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 77 kt with 2.5° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF2.5° off6° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 33 kt 1.3° 0 s
Liftoff1,399 ft · target 70 77 kt 2.5° 14.6 s
35 ft2,445 ft · 7.6 s after liftoff 84 kt 6.4° 22.2 s
End of Climb 39,172 ft · 570 ft 100 kt 7.4° 66 s

Takeoff from LSZA 01

Taxi lightsFail
Off
Takeoff roll97.29
2,545ft76 %
Liftoff speed100.00
77kttarget 70, 7 fast
Runway alignment100.00
5.7ft L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.05
333fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 570 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft 161 ft past the runway end; then climbing at 660 fpm on average to 570 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

750 ft375 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 77 ktSCALE CHANGES1.1 nm past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 3,363 ft runway.

Rolled from 1,080 ft in, drifted 6 ft left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 73 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 5.6 ft LROLL 1,080 FT INAirborne 2,478 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 2,478 ft of 3,363 ft · 74 %
Behind the start of the roll, 1,080 ftTakeoff roll, 1,399 ft Left ahead, 885 ft

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Seven checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 2.7 nm, about 610 ft above the runway, to the threshold, before the 500 ft gate. The last to settle was the centreline.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to LSZA 01

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 510 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND806645493284188500 ft gate7 of 7416 ft · 81 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 3,740 ft right of the centreline, then inside the band from 2.7 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR1000 ft L01000 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND3741 ft R860 ft R109 ft L35 ft L16 ft L60 ft L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 38 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 23 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +2 kt and +38 kt on the approach speed of 76 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 76+38 kt+18 kt+8 kt+5 kt+5 kt+2 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on LSZA 01

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
27ft
Threshold speed100.00
77kttarget 76, 1 fast
Centreline offset100.00
0.0ft L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
1,234ft
Centreline100.00
2.6ft L
Speed100.00
64kttarget 73 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-69fpm
Impact100.00
1.05G
BouncesOk
None
The flare90.00

Very good landing flare

The crosswind

Calm: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 63 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 12 s, an average deceleration of 0.17 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 189 ft30 kt · 923 fttouchdown960 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 3,363 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 27 ft, 23 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,234 ft in, 234 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 3,363 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

27 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −69 fpm · 4° nose up · 64 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 27 ft, down at 1,234 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 570 fpm at 26 ft to 70 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.0° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−69 fpm at touchdown4° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 3,363 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 48 ft left on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

1,0002,0003,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 1,234 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 1,234 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,976 ft of 3,363 ft · 59 %
In the air over the runway, 1,234 ftRollout, 742 ft Left over, 1,387 ft
Rollout distance100.00
742ft59 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
4.0ft L

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The flight began with a taxiing period from the parking to the runway, which took 4 minutes and covered less than 1 nautical mile. The aircraft, a PA28 Arrow III, then departed from runway 01 at LSZA Lugano Airport. The takeoff distance was 1,465 feet, which accounted for 44% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 77 knots.

As the aircraft climbed, it started its enroute climb overhead Cadempino, a location in Ticino, Switzerland. The climb began at an altitude of 1,487 feet above sea level and increased to 2,287 feet, a rise of 800 feet, in just 1 minute while covering 2 nautical miles. Following the climb, the aircraft entered a level cruise phase, which started overhead Lugano and lasted for 2 minutes, covering 3 nautical miles.

The enroute descent phase began overhead Melide, another location in Ticino, Switzerland. The aircraft descended from 2,342 feet to 1,865 feet, a decrease of 477 feet, in 2 minutes while covering 3 nautical miles. After the descent, the aircraft entered another level cruise phase, which started overhead Morcote and lasted for 2 minutes, covering 3 nautical miles.

The final approach to runway 01 at LSZA Lugano Airport was made from the south, with a heading of 16.0 degrees at an altitude of 576 feet above ground level and 2 nautical miles from the runway. The landing was successful, with a touchdown speed of 64 knots and a touchdown rate of -4 feet per minute, which was perfect. The runway touchdown alignment was also perfect.

The total landing distance was 2,041 feet, which accounted for 61% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was also perfect. After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking, which took 1 minute and covered less than 1 nautical mile. The total flight distance was 15 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 17 minutes. The aircraft used 9 pounds of fuel during the flight.

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