Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Know your rotation speed
See Departure Roll
A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 20 stages, 18 in the score
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 68 kt with 7.0° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 845 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft with 339 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,130 fpm on average to 845 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 927 m runway.
Rolled from 135 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 2.9 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.8 m right. Airborne 45 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 350 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 35× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 10 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between +4 kt and +20 kt on the approach speed of 76 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.
Wind 034° at 8 kt · 8 kt head · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 74 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 16 s, an average deceleration of 0.15 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 760 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 5 ft, 45 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 88 m in, 217 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 760 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 160 fpm at 5 ft to 90 fpm at 2 ft, then back up to 210 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 760 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 1.7 m of it down the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
The 88 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a departure roll from runway 04 at 36S Happy Camp. The aircraft, a Pesim FPV Drone Racer, took off with a takeoff distance of 288 meters, which accounted for 31% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 68 knots. At the time of departure, the local weather conditions were characterized by a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, with a wind speed of 6 knots at 23 degrees. The crosswind was 3 knots, while the headwind was 5 knots.
As the aircraft climbed, it started its enroute climb overhead Happy Camp, California, and continued to ascend to an altitude of 11,173 feet above sea level, an increase of 9,083 feet in just 10 minutes. This climb covered a distance of 20 nautical miles. The aircraft then entered a level cruise, starting 10 miles south of Ruch, Oregon, and lasted for 11 minutes, covering 21 nautical miles.
The aircraft then began another climb, this time starting 3 miles east of Medford, Oregon, and climbed from 10,922 feet to 11,384 feet, an increase of 462 feet in just 2 minutes, covering 3 nautical miles. Following this climb, the aircraft started its descent, beginning 4 miles south of the 26OG Oakridge Ranch Airport Eagle Point, Oregon, and descended from 11,420 feet to 10,941 feet, a decrease of 479 feet in 2 minutes, covering 3 nautical miles.
The aircraft then entered another level cruise, starting 2 miles south east of the 26OG Oakridge Ranch Airport Eagle Point, and lasted for 129 minutes, covering 313 nautical miles. The aircraft then began its descent once again, this time starting 9 miles south west of the 73WT McGregor Airport Port Orchard, Washington, and descended from 10,771 feet to 3,133 feet, a decrease of 7,639 feet in 18 minutes, covering 47 nautical miles.
The final approach to runway 02 at 72S Rosalia Municipal Airport was made from the south west, heading 39.0 degrees at 4 nautical miles and 960 feet above ground level. The aircraft landed on runway 02, which had a length of 760 meters. The threshold height was good, and the threshold speed was slightly above the target at 80 knots. The touchdown distance was good at 87 meters, but the touchdown speed was a little fast at 78 knots. The touchdown rate was fair at -214 feet per minute, and the runway touchdown alignment was perfect.
The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius, with a wind speed of 8 knots at 34 degrees. The crosswind was 1 knot, while the headwind was 8 knots. The total landing distance was 377 meters, which accounted for 50% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was perfect, and the taxiing to the parking from the runway took less than 1 minute, covering less than 1 nautical mile.
In total, the flight distance was 414 nautical miles, taking 178 minutes to complete, and the aircraft used 80 kilograms of fuel.
Scroll or drag the slider to zoom · double-click to reset · hover for values