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77G
Marlette, United States
Runway 01
Elevation876 ft asl
Weight2,949 lbs
Fuel261 lbs
Wind325° · 6 kn · 4 kn cross

Flight Score

89.52 %
9MI6
Fenton, United States
Runway 01
Elevation988 ft asl
Weight2,912 lbs
Fuel323 lbs
8 Jun 2023 0:29 49 nm Cessna 182T Skylane
Departure Score
97.12 %
Enroute Score
96.36 %
Arrival Score
78.79 %

What went well

Touched down at -116 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 1,255 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 4.0 ft off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 29 %, −2.82 points
Arrival Rollout — Landing distance 2,032 ft at 67 %, Runway alignment max 36.4 ft at 71 %, −2.81 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 5.5 ° at 70 %, bank angle up to 10.4 ° at 78 %, −1.11 points

Next time

Work on the flare

See Arrival Landing

Trim is the hidden variable. In trim, the flare is a small refinement to an aircraft already in equilibrium, a couple of millimetres of stick. Out of trim, you're holding a constant force all the way down final, and the flare becomes a large, badly judged movement stacked on top of a load you're already carrying. A striking proportion of "I can't judge the flare" complaints are trim complaints wearing a disguise. If you're holding pressure at 500 feet, fix that before you practise anything else.

Read more in How to Land a Plane Smoothly in Microsoft Flight Simulator

Start to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 7 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 0 kn0 kn min to max 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 3.8 °0.0 ° min to max 5.3 ° 0.0 5.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.2 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Battery Master On 879 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 879 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 879 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 879 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 879 ft agl
Departure Roll 96.39Departure roll runway 01 at 77G Marlette. Takeoff distance 0 ft 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 54 kn. Local weather - Temperature 59 °F. Wind 6 kn at 324 °. Crosswind: 4 kn Headwind: 4 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 ft0 % of runway
87 % Liftoff speed was 54 knTarget 62 kn
95 % Runway alignment max 17.4 ft7.6 ft left to 9.8 ft right -0.2 -9.8 ft
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.98 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.03 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °2.0 ° min to max 8.8 ° 5.2 8.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.1 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Departure Climb 1 99.93Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 01 77G Marlette.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 64 kn54 kn min to max 73 kn 54 72 kn
99.7 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° 0.1 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.83 g min to max 1.11 g 1.05 1.11 g
Info Average VSI 374 ft/m223 ft/m min to max 607 ft/m 223 607 ft/m
Info Average altitude 22 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 55 ft agl 0 55 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.5 °6.0 ° min to max 10.7 ° 9.2 10.6 °
Departure Climb 2 92.16Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 01 77G Marlette.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Heading variation -0.2 °-2.3 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -2.3 °
100 % Average speed 77 kn72 kn min to max 92 kn 73 92 kn
73 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 12.4 ° 0.6 11.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.91 g min to max 1.13 g 1.10 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 746 ft/m423 ft/m min to max 1,120 ft/m 620 906 ft/m
Info Average altitude 110 ft agl58 ft agl min to max 319 ft agl 58 319 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.4 °4.9 ° min to max 10.4 ° 10.4 7.1 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 233 ft agl · 95 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 332 ft agl · 98 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 347 ft agl · 97 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 347 ft agl · 97 kt
Enroute Climb 89.80Enroute climb started overhead Marlette (Sanilac County, Michigan, United States). Climbing from 1,208 ft asl to 3,996 ft asl, an increase of 2,788 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
76 % Climb speed 99 kn92 kn min to max 124 knTarget 85 kn 94 124 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.3 °0.0 ° min to max 26.7 ° 11.9 0.2 °
95 % Average g force 1.01 g0.66 g min to max 1.26 g 1.01 0.87 g
Info Average VSI 1,175 ft/m-110 ft/m min to max 1,695 ft/m 830 -110 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,131 ft asl1,208 ft asl min to max 3,996 ft asl 1,208 3,996 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.5 °-0.2 ° min to max 9.8 ° 7.3 -0.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,915 ft agl · 104 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,915 ft agl · 104 kt
Enroute Level 99.09Enroute level cruise started 3 miles north of North Branch (Lapeer County, Michigan, United States) and lasted 13 minutes, covering 36 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 3,976 ft asl3,847 ft asl min to max 4,005 ft asl 4,002 3,847 ft asl
100 % Average speed 150 kn145 kn min to max 158 kn 145 154 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.5 °0.0 ° min to max 16.4 ° 0.6 0.5 °
91 % Average g force 1.01 g0.77 g min to max 1.41 g 0.95 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-4.8 ° min to max 1.0 ° -3.6 -2.5 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 3,184 ft agl · 152 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3,182 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 3,179 ft agl · 152 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3,149 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 3,138 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3,152 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 3,160 ft agl · 150 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3,167 ft agl · 151 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 3,179 ft agl · 158 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 3,197 ft agl · 157 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 3,146 ft agl · 152 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 3,080 ft agl · 147 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 3,080 ft agl · 147 kt
Enroute Descent 94.28Enroute descent started 1 mile east of Fenton (Genesee County, Michigan, United States). Descent from 3,736 ft asl to 1,346 ft asl, a decrease of 2,390 ft in 2 minutes and covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 137 kn112 kn min to max 164 kn 156 112 kn
87 % Average bank angle 8.1 °0.0 ° min to max 46.4 ° 0.2 21.7 °
94 % Average g force 1.03 g0.94 g min to max 1.35 g 0.97 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -1,092 ft/m-2,313 ft/m min to max 68 ft/m -739 68 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,356 ft asl1,342 ft asl min to max 3,736 ft asl 3,736 1,346 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.4 °-11.3 ° min to max 2.0 ° -3.3 1.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 1,444 ft agl · 124 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 706 ft agl · 121 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 706 ft agl · 121 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 706 ft agl · 121 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 590 ft agl · 120 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 530 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 530 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 497 ft agl · 118 kt
Enroute Level 2 98.64Enroute level cruise started 1 mile west of 9MI6 Trollman's Field Fenton (Michigan, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,233 ft asl1,124 ft asl min to max 1,346 ft asl 1,346 1,196 ft asl
100 % Average speed 88 kn75 kn min to max 110 kn 110 79 kn
98 % Average bank angle 8.8 °0.5 ° min to max 40.9 ° 21.7 0.9 °
94 % Average g force 1.03 g0.87 g min to max 1.36 g 1.03 0.95 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °-4.7 ° min to max 7.9 ° 1.6 6.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 307 ft agl · 97 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 184 ft agl · 93 kt
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started overhead 9MI6 Trollman's Field Fenton (Michigan, United States). Climbing from 1,202 ft asl to 1,391 ft asl, an increase of 189 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 73 kn67 kn min to max 80 kn 72 80 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.1 °0.1 ° min to max 32.8 ° 1.3 32.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.18 g 0.94 1.18 g
Info Average VSI 352 ft/m-246 ft/m min to max 1,098 ft/m 352 -246 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,310 ft asl1,202 ft asl min to max 1,415 ft asl 1,202 1,391 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °0.6 ° min to max 12.4 ° 5.1 1.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 60.22Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started overhead 9MI6 Trollman's Field Fenton (Michigan, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 86 kn73 kn min to max 96 kn 82 74 kn
9 % Average bank angle 23.9 °1.2 ° min to max 48.5 ° 32.9 11.8 °
84 % Average g force 1.13 g0.85 g min to max 1.53 g 1.23 0.92 g
Info Average VSI -179 ft/m-1,618 ft/m min to max 727 ft/m -235 -1,618 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,394 ft asl1,245 ft asl min to max 1,469 ft asl 1,387 1,245 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-9.7 ° min to max 8.6 ° 2.5 -9.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 427 ft agl · 89 kt
Arrival Final 1 86.65Approaching runway 01 at 9MI6 Trollman's Field from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 227 ft agl to 75 ft agl. A decrease of 152 ft in 7 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
70 % Approach angle 5.5 °5.2 ° min to max 7.2 °Target 3.0 ° 7.2 5.2 °
100 % Average speed 74 kn73 kn min to max 78 kn 75 73 kn
85 % Heading variation 0.4 °0.3 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.5 0.3 °
78 % Average bank angle 2.8 °1.1 ° min to max 10.4 ° 10.4 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.12 g 0.98 0.96 g
Info Average VSI -1,099 ft/m-1,803 ft/m min to max -874 ft/m -1,757 -874 ft/m
Info Average altitude 103 ft agl75 ft agl min to max 227 ft agl 227 75 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -5.6 °-10.4 ° min to max -3.6 ° -10.4 -4.9 °
00.250.50.751050100150200Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 66.14Landing on runway 01 at 9MI6 Trollman's Field, runway length 2,444 ft. Threshold height at 75 ft agl was well above target. Threshold speed was good at 73 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 73 kn. Target 70 kn
29 % Landing and flare profile
99 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.2 °
99 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 1.4 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.93 g min to max 1.21 g 1.03 0.95 g
Info Average speed 66 kn57 kn min to max 73 kn 73 57 kn
Info Average VSI -518 ft/m-912 ft/m min to max -21 ft/m -912 -110 ft/m
Info Average altitude 22 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 75 ft agl 75 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-3.1 ° min to max 5.0 ° -3.0 3.1 °
02505007501,0001,2501,50001530456075Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,500-60-48-36-24-1201224364860Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 96.11Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 57 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -110 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 61 °F. Wind 7 kn at 319 °. Crosswind: 5 kn Headwind: 5 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
94 % Touchdown VSI was -110 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 1,185 ftTarget 1,315 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 57 knTarget 53 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 4.6 ft4.4 ft right -4.4 -4.0 ft
54 % Average bank angle 1.7 °1.4 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.7 1.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g0.95 g min to max 1.19 g 0.95 1.04 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 56 kn55 kn min to max 57 kn 57 55 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.9 °2.8 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.1 3.0 °
Arrival Rollout 66.28Total landing distance 2,032 ft, 83 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 33 ft from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
67 % Landing distance 2,032 ft83 % of runway.
71 % Runway alignment max 36.4 ft32.5 ft left to 3.8 ft right -3.8 32.5 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average speed 56 kn36 kn min to max 59 kn 59 36 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °1.4 ° min to max 3.0 ° 3.0 1.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.6 0.4 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 9 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 16 kn3 kn min to max 30 kn 30 3 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °1.7 ° min to max 3.2 ° 2.0 3.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.01 0.99 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 53 kt with 9.3° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF9.3° off8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 0 kt 4.6° 0 s
Liftoff871 ft 53 kt 9.3° 15.7 s
35 ft1,718 ft · 7.4 s after liftoff 70 kt 8.2° 23.1 s
End of the climb4,896 ft · 317 ft 92 kt 7.1° 46.0 s

Takeoff from 77G 01

Takeoff roll100.00
1,234ft36 %
Liftoff speed87.04
53kt
Runway alignment94.93
9.8ft R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.93
373fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 317 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,387 ft of runway left; then climbing at 630 fpm on average to 317 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 53 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 3,475 ft runway.

Rolled from 371 ft in, drifted right of the centreline, 10 ft at the widest, and lifted off 10 ft right. Airborne 35 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS4 kn75 %widest 9.8 ft RROLL 371 FT INAirborne 1,242 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,242 ft of 3,475 ft · 36 %
Behind the start of the roll, 371 ftTakeoff roll, 871 ft Left ahead, 2,233 ft

Landing and touchdown on 9MI6 01

Over the threshold

Threshold height35.84
74ft
Threshold speed100.00
72kt
Centreline offset99.29
0.2ft L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
1,255ft
Centreline100.00
4.6ft R
Speed100.00
57kt
Touchdown rate93.74
-116fpm
Impact100.00
1.19G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No wind recorded: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 4° left of the track, wings level.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 61 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 12 s, an average deceleration of 0.16 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 25 ft30 kt · 955 fttouchdown993 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 2,444 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 74 ft, 24 ft above the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,255 ft in, 255 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 2,444 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

74 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −109 fpm · 3.1° nose up · 57 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 74 ft, down at 1,255 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 1,720 fpm at 76 ft to 110 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 6.1° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−1,000−2,000−4°3°10°touchdown−109 fpm at touchdown3.1° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 2,444 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 30 ft left on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

1,0002,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 1,255 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 1,255 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 2,040 ft of 2,444 ft · 83 %
In the air over the runway, 1,255 ftRollout, 785 ft Left over, 404 ft
Rollout distance77.58
785ft81 % used
Rollout alignment71.01
32.5ft L

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