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KLDJ
Linden, United States
Runway 09
Elevation20 ft asl
Weight3,625 lbs
Fuel432 lbs
WindCalm

Flight Score

91.42 %
KCMH
Columbus, United States
Runway 28L
Elevation804 ft asl
Weight3,147 lbs
Fuel240 lbs
Wind200° · 7 kn · 7 kn cross
17 Apr 2026 0:45 406 nm Beechcraft Bonanza 192 lbs
Departure Score
97.95 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
76.30 %

What went well

Rollout controlled — 40 % of the runway used
Lifted off at 78 kt — on the 80 kt target
Airborne in 919 ft — 25 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown rate was -948 fpm at 0 %, Touchdown distance was 2,552 ft at 65 %, −2.57 points
Arrival Landing — Flare profile at 46 %, Runway alignment max 176.2 ft left at 47 %, −2.14 points
Arrival Approach — 1,000 ft gate 71 %, 500 ft gate 86 %, −1.79 points

Next time

Departure

Lower the nose and add power to raise climb speed to 114 kt.

What happened: Climb speed was 92 kt against a target of 114 kt, running 22 kt slow through the climb.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator against the climb target of 114 kt.

See Departure Climb 3

Arrival

Add power earlier on final to hold VREF of 87 kt by the gates rather than let speed decay.

What happened: The approach was flown too slow through the stabilisation gates, crossing the threshold at 81 kt against a VREF of 87 kt.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator against 87 kt from the first stabilisation gate onward.

See Arrival Approach

Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 7 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kt0 kt min to max 23 kt 0 7 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 7 ktmax 8 kt 0 7 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-2.2 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.9 1.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.2 0.2 °

Events

Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Deactivated 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 09 at KLDJ Linden Airport, Average speed was 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 7 kt7 kt min to max 8 kt 7 8 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °0.4 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.4 1.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 09 at KLDJ Linden Airport. Takeoff distance 919 ft 25 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 79 kt. Local weather - Temperature 76 °F. .
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 919 ft25 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 79 ktTarget 80 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.6 ft left2.6 ft left to 0.0 ft left 1.1 1.8 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.10 g 1.00 1.10 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °0.4 ° min to max 7.0 ° 1.1 7.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.3 0.6 °
Departure Climb 1 99.77Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 09 KLDJ Linden Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.1 -0.4 °
100 % Average speed 87 kt79 kt min to max 95 kt 79 95 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 0.7 1.9 °
98 % Average g force 1.00 g0.55 g min to max 1.26 g 1.10 1.17 g
Info Average VSI 361 fpm121 fpm min to max 653 fpm 271 228 fpm
Info Average altitude 24 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 44 ft agl 1 44 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.7 °1.7 ° min to max 11.5 ° 7.0 7.6 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 33 ft agl · 88 kt
Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Departure Climb 2 99.95Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 09 KLDJ Linden Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.7 °-1.6 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.4 -1.6 °
100 % Average speed 96 kt95 kt min to max 99 kt 95 96 kt
99.9 % Average bank angle 3.1 °0.3 ° min to max 5.0 ° 1.9 0.9 °
99.8 % Average g force 1.15 g0.73 g min to max 1.20 g 1.17 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 840 fpm236 fpm min to max 1,878 fpm 236 1,878 fpm
Info Average altitude 99 ft agl44 ft agl min to max 381 ft agl 44 381 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.4 °7.7 ° min to max 16.3 ° 7.7 16.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 106 ft agl · 98 kt
Departure Climb 3 90.01Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 09 KLDJ Linden Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
75 % Climb speed 92 kt90 kt min to max 95 ktTarget 114 kt, 22 kt slow 95 93 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 3.5 ° 2.7 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.96 g0.90 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Landing gear up at 27 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -2.5 °-3.1 ° min to max -1.9 ° -1.9 -3.1 °
Info Average VSI 1,707 fpm1,392 fpm min to max 2,005 fpm 1,944 1,608 fpm
Info Average altitude 705 ft agl414 ft agl min to max 972 ft agl 414 972 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 15.1 °13.0 ° min to max 17.4 ° 16.8 13.4 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Linden (New Jersey, United States). Climbing from 1,034 ft asl to 8,122 ft asl, an increase of 7,088 ft in 7 minutes and covering 12 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 95 kt88 kt min to max 143 kt 94 143 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.9 °0.0 ° min to max 31.6 ° 1.4 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.77 g min to max 1.18 g 1.18 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 1,226 fpm-20 fpm min to max 2,141 fpm 1,757 -14 fpm
Info Average altitude 3,525 ft asl1,034 ft asl min to max 8,124 ft asl 1,034 8,122 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 12.3 °1.4 ° min to max 18.9 ° 16.7 1.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 1,533 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 1,567 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 6,111 ft agl · 110 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 7,791 ft agl · 113 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Fanwood (New Jersey, United States) and lasted 18 minutes, covering 320 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±906 ft of 8,105 ft asl8,052 ft asl min to max 8,164 ft asl 8,121 8,056 ft asl
100 % Average speed 148 kt142 kt min to max 150 kt 146 148 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 22.4 ° 0.1 2.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.90 g min to max 1.14 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.6 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.4 1.2 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 7,734 ft agl · 168 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 7,665 ft agl · 169 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 7,576 ft agl · 168 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 7,967 ft agl · 168 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 5 miles south west of Freeport (Ohio, United States). Descent from 8,055 ft asl to 5,493 ft asl, a decrease of 2,562 ft in 3 minutes and covering 18 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 148 kt143 kt min to max 149 kt 148 143 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -340 fpm-658 fpm min to max 20 fpm 0 -13 fpm
Info Average altitude 6,628 ft asl5,493 ft asl min to max 8,055 ft asl 8,055 5,493 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-1.2 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.2 1.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 4,688 ft agl · 162 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 7 miles west of OI98 St. Luke's Solon Emergency Center Heliport Solon (Ohio, United States) and lasted 7 minutes, covering 39 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±774 ft of 5,502 ft asl5,486 ft asl min to max 5,548 ft asl 5,489 5,548 ft asl
100 % Average speed 155 kt140 kt min to max 163 kt 141 163 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 6.6 ° 0.2 6.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °0.5 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.5 0.9 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 4 miles north east of Pataskala (Ohio, United States). Descent from 5,547 ft asl to 2,040 ft asl, a decrease of 3,507 ft in 2 minutes and covering 10 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 129 kt82 kt min to max 163 kt 163 82 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.8 °0.0 ° min to max 22.2 ° 16.5 1.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.75 g min to max 1.30 g 1.02 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -646 fpm-1,812 fpm min to max 104 fpm -34 -840 fpm
Info Average altitude 4,171 ft asl2,040 ft asl min to max 5,551 ft asl 5,547 2,040 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-6.1 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.9 -0.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 4,547 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3,289 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,898 ft agl · 121 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,482 ft agl · 106 kt
Arrival Approach 78.57Final approach to runway 28L at KCMH John Glenn Columbus International Airport. Descent from 1,312 ft agl to 66 ft agl in 90 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
50 % On centrelinefailed at one of the two gates
0 % On speedfailed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates
Arrival Landing 74.32Landing on runway 28L at KCMH John Glenn Columbus International Airport, runway length 10,087 ft. Threshold height at 56 ft agl was slightly above target. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 81 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
98 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 81 kt. Target 87 kt
99 % Threshold height at 56 ft agl was slightly above target.Target 50 ft agl
46 % The flare strayed well off the target profile. The flare took all the sink out 20 ft agl above the runway and the aircraft settled on from there, 507 fpm of sink coming back, having crossed the threshold below target speed. Touchdown was 2,552 ft past the threshold. Carry the speed to the flare and hold it lower - the aircraft ran out of lift before the wheels arrived, so the fix is energy on the approach, not attitude.
47 % Runway alignment max 176.2 ft left176.2 ft left to 13.2 ft right 164.0 -13.2 ft
51 % Average bank angle 6.6 °0.2 ° min to max 21.0 ° 21.0 1.1 °
79 % Average g force 1.02 g0.69 g min to max 1.62 g 0.92 0.71 g
Info Average speed 73 kt59 kt min to max 81 kt 81 59 kt
Info Average VSI -160 fpm-559 fpm min to max 217 fpm -263 -250 fpm
Info Average altitude 18 ft agl4 ft agl min to max 56 ft agl 56 4 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.9 °-0.5 ° min to max 12.2 ° 0.7 3.1 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 30 ft agl · 82 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 27 ft agl · 80 kt
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,0003,2503,5003,7504,0004,2504,5004,7505,0005,2505,5005,7506,0006,2506,5006,75001123344557Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,0003,2503,5003,7504,0004,2504,5004,7505,0005,2505,5005,7506,0006,2506,5006,750-80-64-48-32-1601632486480Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 69.18Touchdown point was 1,323 ft beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 59 kt was good. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -948 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 13 ft from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 79 °F. Wind 11 kt at 203 °. Crosswind: 11 kt Headwind: 4 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Touchdown rate was -948 fpm.
65 % Touchdown distance was 2,552 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 59 ktTarget below 81 kt
96 % Runway alignment max 13.2 ft left1.4 ft right -13.2 13.2 ft
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.2 ° min to max 2.6 ° 1.1 0.9 °
79 % Average g force 0.98 g0.68 g min to max 1.61 g 0.71 1.01 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 57 kt54 kt min to max 59 kt 59 54 kt
Info Average pitch angle 4.4 °-0.8 ° min to max 10.6 ° 3.1 0.9 °
Arrival Rollout 83.12Total landing distance 4,260 ft, 42 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 44 ft from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 4,260 ft42 % of runway.
62 % Runway alignment max 43.8 ft left43.8 ft left to 0.0 ft left 13.7 0.8 ft
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average speed 48 kt38 kt min to max 53 kt 53 38 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °0.6 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.8 0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 0.8 0.5 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 12 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 11 kt2 kt min to max 29 kt 29 2 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-2.2 ° min to max 1.4 ° -2.1 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.5 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 0.98 1.00 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 78 kt with 6.9° of pitch. Climb 3 averaged 92 kt, 22 kt under its 114 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 114120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF6.9° off10° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 8 kt 1.1° 0 s
Liftoff1,259 ft · target 80 78 kt 6.9° 16.5 s
Gear up1,848 ft · 27 ft · full marks to 400 ft 87 kt 8.2° 20.6 s
35 ft2,060 ft · 5.5 s after liftoff 89 kt 10.2° 22.0 s
Climb 34,953 ft · 414 ft to 972 ft · target 114 92 kt avg 16.8° 40.1 s
End of Climb 38,003 ft · 972 ft 93 kt 13.4° 59.8 s

Takeoff from KLDJ 09

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
919ft25 %
Liftoff speed100.00
78kttarget 80, 2 slow
Runway alignment100.00
2.6ft L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
27ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed75.02
92kttarget 114
Rate of climb99.77
361fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 972 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 1,965 ft of runway left; gear up at 27 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,350 fpm on average to 972 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 392 kt avgtarget 114THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 78 ktGear up 27 ftfull marks to 400 ftSCALE CHANGES0.7 nm past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 3,670 ft runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, never more than 3 ft off the centreline. Airborne 24 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 2.8 ft LAirborne 903 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 903 ft of 3,670 ft · 25 %
Takeoff roll, 903 ft Left ahead, 2,767 ft

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 71.435 of 7500 ft 85.716 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate0 fpm390 fpm
On glideslope2.9°3.2°
On centreline1.0° off0.1° off
On speed−8.6 kt−7.1 kt
Wings level2° bank1° bank

At the 1,000 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off and speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 87 kt.

At the 500 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 87 kt.

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 0.9 to 0.3 nm, then not again: right of the centreline from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KCMH 28L

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 110 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,3027034522521,000 ft gate5 of 7on centrelineon speed1,016 ft · 78 kt500 ft gate6 of 7on speed586 ft · 80 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 770 ft right of the centreline, then inside it from 2.8 to 0.3 nm, then 90 ft right of it from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR1000 ft L01000 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND773 ft R45 ft R31 ft R29 ft R350 ft R17 ft R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 44 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 26 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Slow from 4 nm to 3.0 nm (up to −10 kt), then inside the band to 2.1 nm, then slow to 0.9 nm (up to −9 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 87−3 kt−8 kt−6 kt−2 kt−6 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KCMH 28L

Over the threshold

Threshold height98.62
55ft
Threshold speed97.92
81kttarget 87, 6 slow
Centreline offset47.21
176.2ft L

Touchdown

Past threshold64.95
2,552ft
Centreline96.46
13.2ft L
Speed100.00
58kttarget 81 or less
Touchdown rate0.00
-948fpm
Impact79.43
1.61G
Bounces80.00
1
The flare45.75

The flare strayed well off the target profile. The flare took all the sink out 20 ft agl above the runway and the aircraft settled on from there, 507 fpm of sink coming back, having crossed the threshold below target speed. Touchdown was 2,552 ft past the threshold. Carry the speed to the flare and hold it lower - the aircraft ran out of lift before the wheels arrived, so the fix is energy on the approach, not attitude.

The crosswind

7 kt across from the left, which takes about 7° of crab to hold the centreline at 59 kt. Touched down with 6° of it still on, wings level.

Wind 200° at 7 kt · 2 kt head · 7 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 58 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 13 s, an average deceleration of 0.12 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608030 kt · 1,832 fttouchdown1,905 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 55 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 43 ft; ballooned 6 ft from 14 ft. Touched down 2,552 ft in, 1,552 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

55 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT held off 1,424 ft from the lowest point 80 ft400 Flare 43 ft · −1,097 fpm · 2° · 81 ktballooned +6 ft · from 13 ft to 21 ft−948 fpm · 3.1° nose up · 59 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 55 ft, down at 2,552 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 550 fpm before coming down at 950 fpm to touch. The nose came up 1.1° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−750−1,500−1°6°13°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−948 fpm at touchdown3.1° at touchdown, +1.1° from the flareclimbing 549 fpm
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 10,087 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 13 ft left of the centreline and drifted to 40 ft left on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 7 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 2,552 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 2,552 ft past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 1.61 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 3,995 ft of 10,087 ft · 40 %
In the air over the runway, 2,552 ftRollout, 1,443 ft Left over, 6,092 ft
Rollout distance100.00
1,443ft40 % used
Rollout alignment62.49
43.8ft L

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Flight narrative

Taxiing from the parking area to the runway at KLDJ Linden Airport took 7 minutes and covered a distance of 1 nautical mile. The aircraft then departed from runway 09, utilizing 919 feet, or 29% of the runway, to achieve liftoff at a speed of 79 knots. The local weather conditions at the time of departure featured a temperature of 76°F.

As the aircraft climbed out of Linden, it began its enroute climb, reaching an altitude of 8,122 feet above sea level in 7 minutes, covering a distance of 12 nautical miles. The climb phase was followed by a level cruise, which started overhead Fanwood, New Jersey, and lasted for 18 minutes, during which the aircraft covered a distance of 320 nautical miles. The aircraft then began its descent, initially from 8,055 feet above sea level to 5,493 feet above sea level in 3 minutes, covering 18 nautical miles. The descent phase was followed by a brief level cruise, which started 7 miles west of the OI98 St. Luke's Solon Emergency Center Heliport in Solon, Ohio, and lasted for 7 minutes, covering 39 nautical miles. The aircraft then began its final descent, from 5,547 feet above sea level to 2,040 feet above sea level in 2 minutes, covering 10 nautical miles.

The aircraft then began its final approach to runway 28L at KCMH John Glenn Columbus International Airport, flying from the east at a heading of 271.0° and at an altitude of 1,209 feet above ground level, 4 nautical miles from the runway. The aircraft landed on the runway, utilizing 42% of the 10,082-foot runway, with a touchdown point 1,317 feet beyond the touchdown zone. The touchdown speed was 59 knots, and the touchdown rate was fair at -250 feet per minute. The runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 21 feet from the centreline, and the runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 50 feet from the centreline. The total landing distance was 4,260 feet. The aircraft used a total of 192 pounds of fuel to complete the 405-nautical-mile flight, which took 45 minutes.

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