CYKF to CYKF Flight Report - Cessna Skyhawk

Flight from CYKF to CYKF

Friday, 22 March 2024 10:19

Minutes 8

9 nm

Fuel 5 kg

Cessna Skyhawk

Departure

Runway 26 at CYKF

Kitchener\/Waterloo

Kitchener, Ontario, Canada

Altitude

1,030 ft asl

Weight

997 kg

Fuel

76 kg

Temperature

13 °C

Wind Speed

1 kt

Wind Direction

270.0 °

Headwind

1 kt

Crosswind

0 kt

Arrival

Runway 32 at CYKF

Kitchener\/Waterloo

Kitchener Ontario, Canada

1,030 ft asl

Altitude

992 kg

Weight

71 kg

Fuel

15 °C

Temperature

1 kt

Wind Speed

271.5 °

Wind Direction

1 kt

Headwind

0 kt

Crosswind

Flight Score 82.83%

Departure Score 91.66%

Enroute Score 84.28%

Arrival Score 68.73%

Flight Map

Replay this flight in 3D — the full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.

Flight Stages CYKF to CYKF

Click on a stage to view more detailed information

Departure Taxi

90 %

Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 0 kn 0 kn min to max 0 kn	0		0 kn
100 %	Average speed turning corners 0 kn max 0 kn	0		0 kn
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 1.00 g min to max 1.00 g	1.00		1.00 g
0 %	Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info	Average pitch angle 0.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.0 °	0.0		0.0 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.0 °	0.0		0.0 °
Info	Battery Master On at 10:19:57
Info	Engine 1 Started at 10:19:57
Info	Beacon Lights Switched On at 10:19:57
Info	Landing Lights Switched On at 10:19:57
Info	Navigation Lights Switched On at 10:19:57
Info	Strobe Lights Switched On at 10:19:57
Info	Parking Brake On at 10:19:57
Info	Flaps Position 1 at 10:19:57
Info	Parking Brake Off at 10:20:15
Info	Landing Lights Switched Off at 10:20:15
Info	Taxi Lights Switched On at 10:20:15
Info	Parking Brake On at 10:20:15
Info	Flaps Fully Retracted at 10:20:15
Info	Landing Lights Switched On at 10:20:30
Info	Taxi Lights Switched Off at 10:20:30
Info	Flaps Position 1 at 10:20:30
Info	Taxi Light OFF should be ON at 10:19:57

Departure Roll

83.25 %

Departure roll runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 73 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 1 kn.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway
89.08 %	Liftoff speed was 73 kn Target 62 kn
27.18 %	Runway alignment max 24.07 m 23.02 m left to 1.04 m right	-1.04		4.03 m
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.97 g min to max 1.11 g	0.97		1.11 g
100 %	Takeoff Bounce
Info	Average pitch angle 0.6 ° -0.6 ° min to max 2.7 °	0.3		2.7 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.5 ° 0.0 ° min to max 3.2 °	0.2		0.8 °
Info	Parking Brake Off at 10:22:30

Departure Climb 1

98.84 %

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation 0.3 ° -0.1 ° min to max 0.6 °	-0.1		0.6 °
100 %	Average speed 74 kn 72 kn min to max 74 kn	73		72 kn
96.26 %	Average bank angle 2.0 ° 0.9 ° min to max 3.4 °	0.9		3.4 °
97.71 %	Average g force 1.25 g 1.20 g min to max 1.29 g	1.25		1.20 g
Info	Average VSI 787 ft/m 416 ft/m min to max 1,144 ft/m	416		1,144 ft/m
Info	Average altitude 17 ft agl 0 ft agl min to max 43 ft agl	0		43 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 9.6 ° 4.6 ° min to max 13.8 °	4.6		13.8 °

Departure Climb 2

94.57 %

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation 0.7 ° -0.6 ° min to max 0.9 °	0.6		-0.6 °
100 %	Average speed 67 kn 52 kn min to max 72 kn	72		60 kn
81.47 %	Average bank angle 5.6 ° 3.5 ° min to max 9.0 °	3.5		9.0 °
92 %	Average g force 1.09 g 0.61 g min to max 1.20 g	1.20		1.10 g
Info	Average VSI 1,410 ft/m -215 ft/m min to max 2,050 ft/m	1,170		-215 ft/m
Info	Average altitude 104 ft agl 44 ft agl min to max 259 ft agl	44		248 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 14.8 ° -0.5 ° min to max 20.1 °	14.0		1.6 °

Enroute Climb

78.7 %

Enroute climb started overhead CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo Kitchener (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,292 ft asl to 3,610 ft asl, an increase of 2,318 ft in 4 minutes and covering 5 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 83 kn 45 kn min to max 109 kn	62		77 kn
56.18 %	Average bank angle 4.9 ° 0.0 ° min to max 61.9 °	9.4		19.8 °
62.29 %	Average g force 1.02 g 0.60 g min to max 1.91 g	1.15		0.86 g
Info	Average VSI 551 ft/m -2,480 ft/m min to max 2,219 ft/m	-156		1,769 ft/m
Info	Average altitude 2,201 ft asl 1,292 ft asl min to max 3,610 ft asl	1,292		3,610 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle 4.5 ° -12.1 ° min to max 21.0 °	3.5		10.6 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0

Enroute Level

79.24 %

Enroute level cruise started 2 miles north of Cambridge (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 1 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
96.15 %	Average altitude 3,357 ft asl 2,924 ft asl min to max 3,642 ft asl	3,631		3,502 ft asl
100 %	Average speed 103 kn 75 kn min to max 136 kn	75		88 kn
56.7 %	Average bank angle 32.6 ° 0.1 ° min to max 61.6 °	31.6		1.8 °
77.14 %	Average g force 1.13 g 0.77 g min to max 1.65 g	0.81		0.78 g
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Average pitch angle -7.5 ° -24.3 ° min to max 14.8 °	7.6		6.3 °

Enroute Descent

94.9 %

Enroute descent started 3 miles north west of Cambridge (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 3,566 ft asl to 2,811 ft asl, a decrease of 756 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 101 kn 84 kn min to max 122 kn	94		84 kn
89.54 %	Average bank angle 12.1 ° 0.2 ° min to max 45.2 °	0.9		0.5 °
90.86 %	Average g force 1.06 g 0.59 g min to max 1.31 g	0.87		0.59 g
Info	Average VSI -558 ft/m -3,106 ft/m min to max 226 ft/m	16		-583 ft/m
Info	Average altitude 3,121 ft asl 2,811 ft asl min to max 3,566 ft asl	3,566		2,811 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle -2.8 ° -12.2 ° min to max 1.9 °	-1.8		-7.9 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Flaps Position 3 at 10:28:46

Arrival

87.77 %

Arrival started 3 miles north west of Cambridge (Ontario, Canada).

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 86 kn 63 kn min to max 95 kn	84		73 kn
100 %	Average bank angle 4.6 ° 0.1 ° min to max 18.3 °	0.6		8.0 °
38.86 %	Average g force 0.96 g 0.58 g min to max 2.32 g	0.73		1.10 g
Info	Average VSI -1,704 ft/m -3,106 ft/m min to max 560 ft/m	-1,176		-2,684 ft/m
Info	Average altitude 2,001 ft asl 1,380 ft asl min to max 2,786 ft asl	2,786		1,380 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle -10.6 ° -20.3 ° min to max 5.6 °	-10.6		-16.1 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0

Arrival Final 1

58.27 %

Approaching runway 32 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 319 ft agl to 117 ft agl. A decrease of 201 ft in 13 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
45.69 %	Approach angle 7.6 ° 6.5 ° min to max 9.7 ° Target 3.0 °	7.1		6.6 °
100 %	Average speed 62 kn 50 kn min to max 73 kn	73		62 kn
0 %	Heading variation -3.1 ° -3.8 ° min to max -1.7 °	-3.6		-1.7 °
62.23 %	Average bank angle 5.6 ° 0.2 ° min to max 17.0 °	7.1		3.2 °
66.86 %	Average g force 1.15 g 0.33 g min to max 1.83 g	1.56		1.20 g
Info	Average VSI -1,128 ft/m -2,491 ft/m min to max 881 ft/m	-2,057		-747 ft/m
Info	Average altitude 241 ft agl 117 ft agl min to max 346 ft agl	319		117 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -4.6 ° -21.6 ° min to max 17.3 °	-8.0		-0.9 °

Arrival Landing

45.16 %

Landing on runway 32 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, runway length 1,242 m. Threshold height at 106 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was good at 61 kn.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Threshold speed was good at 61 kn. Target 63 kn
0 %	Target 50 ft agl
3.07 %	Landing and flare profile
62 %	Heading variation -0.4 ° -1.4 ° min to max -0.0 °	-1.4		-0.0 °
91.1 %	Average bank angle 5.0 ° 3.5 ° min to max 5.4 °	3.5		5.4 °
81.71 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.71 g min to max 1.57 g	0.86		1.09 g
Info	Average speed 62 kn 60 kn min to max 62 kn	61		61 kn
Info	Average VSI -1,062 ft/m -1,330 ft/m min to max -670 ft/m	-692		-827 ft/m
Info	Average altitude 36 ft agl -1 ft agl min to max 106 ft agl	106		-1 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -5.7 ° -10.7 ° min to max -0.0 °	-3.0		-1.4 °

Arrival Touchdown

72.3 %

Touchdown distance was good at 220 m. Touchdown speed at 61 knwas fast. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -827 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 3.2 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 1 kn at 271 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Headwind: 1 kn.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
18.19 %	Touchdown VSI was -827 ft/m.
100 %	Touchdown distance was 220 m Target 457 m
85.51 %	Speed at touchdown 61 kn Target 53 kn
99.36 %	Runway alignment max 3.86 m 1.44 m left	-0.63		3.22 m
57.25 %	Average bank angle 1.3 ° 0.1 ° min to max 5.4 °	5.4		0.7 °
57.71 %	Average g force 1.08 g 0.64 g min to max 1.99 g	1.09		0.65 g
100 %	Landing Bounce
Info	Average speed 55 kn 50 kn min to max 61 kn	61		51 kn
Info	Average pitch angle 3.4 ° -7.4 ° min to max 9.0 °	-1.4		-7.4 °

Arrival Rollout

99.18 %

Total landing distance 406 m, 33 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Landing distance 406 m 33 % of runway.
98.19 %	Runway alignment max 3.54 m 3.54 m left to 0.00 m left	3.50		3.29 m
100 %	Average g force 1.05 g 1.00 g min to max 1.17 g	1.17		1.00 g
Info	Average speed 39 kn 30 kn min to max 47 kn	47		30 kn
Info	Average pitch angle 1.1 ° 0.2 ° min to max 3.4 °	3.4		0.2 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.0 °	0.0		0.0 °

Runway Exit

Exiting runway, average speed 2 kn

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
Info	Average speed 9 kn 6 kn min to max 24 kn	24		6 kn
Info	Average pitch angle 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.3 °	0.3		0.0 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.1 °	0.0		0.0 °
Info	Average g force 1.00 g 1.00 g min to max 1.00 g	1.00		1.00 g
Info	Engine 1 Stopped at 10:30:14

Takeoff on runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo in the Cessna Skyhawk

91.66 %

90 %

Taxi

Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.

Taxi Lights

0 %

Switched Off

Speed

100 %

Turn Speed

100 %

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

83.25 %

Takeoff Roll

Takeoff Distance

100 %

Roll distance of 0 m using 0 % of runway

Liftoff Speed

89.08 %

Liftoff speed was 73 kn - Target 62 kn

Alignment

27.18 %

23.02 m left to 1.04 m right

Bounce

100 %

No Bounce Detected

Strobe Lights

100 %

Switched On

Landing Lights

100 %

Switched On

100 %

Speed

Info

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

98.84 %

Climb 1

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

96.26 %

97.71 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

94.57 %

Climb 2

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

81.47 %

92 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

Landing on runway 32 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo in the Cessna Skyhawk

Landing Score 68.73 %

Landing Summary

Overall, this aircraft landing was characterized by several key issues throughout the different phases of the landing sequence.

During the Approach Phase, the aircraft displayed poor descent path control above the glideslope limit, indicating that the descent was steeper than necessary. Additionally, the aircraft exhibited poor heading alignment, which could have contributed to the issues with runway alignment in later phases. However, the speed was on target during this phase.

Moving on to the Landing Phase, there were significant concerns with the approach to the runway. The threshold height was excessively high, which could have led to a longer landing distance. Additionally, the landing flare was very poor, indicating that the aircraft likely did not smoothly transition from descent to touchdown. The poor bank angle stability during landing may have contributed to the issues with runway alignment and touchdown distance.

In the Touchdown Phase, the aircraft experienced a very heavy touchdown rate, indicating a potentially hard landing. The speed was also above target during this phase, which could have contributed to the heavy touchdown. The touchdown distance inside the touchdown zone suggests that the aircraft may have touched down earlier than intended, while the runway touchdown position being 3.2 meters from the centerline indicates poor alignment.

Finally, the Rollout Phase showed that the runway alignment continued to be an issue, with the aircraft being 3.5 meters from the centerline. This could have been a continuation of the poor heading alignment seen in the Approach Phase.

In conclusion, this aircraft landing demonstrated a series of issues throughout the different phases, including poor descent path control, heading alignment, landing flare, touchdown rate, speed control, and runway alignment. These factors combined to create a landing that was not optimal and may have posed safety risks.

58.27 %

Final 1

Approaching runway 32 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 319 ft agl to 117 ft agl. A decrease of 201 ft in 13 seconds.

Glideslope

45.69 %

Poor descent path above glideslope limit

Heading

0 %

Poor heading alignment

Glideslope

45.69 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

0 %

Bank

62.23 %

66.86 %

Descent Rate

Info

45.16 %

Landing

Landing on runway 32 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, runway length 1,242 m. Threshold height at 106 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was good at 61 kn.

Height

0 %

Threshold height at 106 ft agl was excessively over target. Target 50 ft agl

Speed

100 %

Threshold speed was good at 61 kt. Target 63 kt

Flare

3.07 %

Very poor landing flare

Heading

62 %

Bank