Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Keep the approach speed on target
See Arrival Landing
Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.
Read more in VRef ExplainedStart to finish · 8 stages, 7 in the score
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 54 kt with 3.7° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 91 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 450 m of runway left.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 2,490 m runway.
Rolled from 1,751 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 3.5 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.7 m left. Airborne 73 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 0.8 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 70 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band from 0.8 nm, where the final began, to 0.3 nm, then 11 m right of it from 0.3 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 28 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 17 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Slow from 0.8 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to −16 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare held the target profile well. The flare began at 6 ft agl above the runway, lower than this type wants. Touchdown was 386 m past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° right of the track, wings level.
Wind 270° at 1 kt · 1 kt tail · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 35 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 8 s, an average deceleration of 0.04 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 51 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 6 ft. Touched down 386 m in, 81 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 180 fpm at the flare to 90 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.6° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,488 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 1.2 m of it down the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
The 386 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 0.23 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.
The rest of the report
Departure from Groningen Airport Eelde, EHGG, commenced with a smooth roll down runway 23. The aircraft, DV20, accelerated to liftoff speed of 55 kt, achieving lift-off in 1,840 meters, which represented 74% of the available runway length. The local weather conditions were favorable, with a temperature of 20 °C and a gentle headwind of 3 kt from a direction of 222 °.
As the aircraft transitioned to the enroute phase, it leveled off at a cruise altitude 1 mile west of Yde, covering a distance of 2 nm in 2 minutes. This brief period of level flight allowed the crew to assess the aircraft's performance and make any necessary adjustments. The aircraft then began its final approach to runway 05 at EHGG, descending from an altitude of 195 ft above ground level (agl) with a heading of 52.0 °. The landing was executed with precision, with the aircraft touching down at a speed of 35 kt and a distance of 388 meters, which was well within the available runway length of 2,493 meters.
The landing distance of 495 meters, representing 20% of the runway, was a testament to the crew's skill and the aircraft's performance. The touchdown rate of -73 fpm was particularly noteworthy, indicating a smooth and controlled descent. The runway rollout alignment was also perfect, demonstrating the crew's ability to manage the aircraft's speed and direction during the critical phase of landing. The total flight distance of 3 nm was completed in 3 minutes, with a fuel consumption of -2 kg, indicating a highly efficient flight.
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