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CYVR
Vancouver, Canada
Runway 08R
Elevation7 ft asl
Weight1,944 lbs
Fuel149 lbs
Wind90° · 7 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

94.72 %
CZBB
Boundary Bay, Canada
Runway 07
Elevation3 ft asl
Weight1,934 lbs
Fuel138 lbs
Wind127° · 7 kn · 4 kn cross
3 Dec 2023 0:21 21 nm PA28 Archer II 11 lbs
Departure Score
88.85 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
94.51 %

What went well

Touched down at -50 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 818 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 3.3 ft off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Departure Taxi — beacon light off should be on, then taxi light off should be on; peak speed in a turn 22 kt at 40 %, peak taxi speed 31 kt at 60 %, −2.67 points
Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 27 %, −1.49 points
Departure Roll — strobe light off should be on; Takeoff distance 31,261 ft at 0 %, Liftoff speed was 74 kn at 60 %, −0.60 points

Next time

Know your rotation speed

See Departure Roll

A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 60.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 15 minutes and covered 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
60 % Average speed 21 kn0 kn min to max 31 kn 0 20 kn
40 % Average speed turning corners 15 knmax 22 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 2.9 °1.4 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.3 2.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° 0.2 0.3 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Roll 91.00Departure roll runway 08R at CYVR Vancouver Intl. Takeoff distance 31,261 ft 290 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 74 kn. Local weather - Temperature 45 °F. Wind 7 kn at 90 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Headwind: 7 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 31,261 ft290 % of runway
60 % Liftoff speed was 74 knTarget 62 kn
95 % Runway alignment max 11.9 ft9.4 ft left to 2.5 ft right -2.1 9.4 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.04 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °0.6 ° min to max 4.4 ° 2.7 4.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.3 °

Events

Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Departure Climb 1 99.86Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 08R CYVR Vancouver Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Heading variation -0.5 °-1.0 ° min to max -0.0 ° -1.0 -0.0 °
100 % Average speed 81 kn74 kn min to max 86 kn 74 86 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.3 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.3 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.95 g min to max 1.10 g 1.05 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 425 ft/m328 ft/m min to max 642 ft/m 328 642 ft/m
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 44 ft agl 0 44 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.3 °4.6 ° min to max 7.8 ° 4.6 7.7 °
Departure Climb 2 98.79Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 08R CYVR Vancouver Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° -0.0 0.5 °
100 % Average speed 89 kn86 kn min to max 102 kn 86 102 kn
95 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 3.8 ° 0.6 3.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.09 g 1.01 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 775 ft/m580 ft/m min to max 990 ft/m 651 728 ft/m
Info Average altitude 126 ft agl52 ft agl min to max 395 ft agl 52 395 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.6 °4.9 ° min to max 9.1 ° 7.7 4.9 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 179 ft agl · 90 kt
Departure Climb 3 94.60Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 08R CYVR Vancouver Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
81 % Heading variation 2.5 °0.6 ° min to max 5.1 ° 0.6 5.1 °
100 % Average speed 106 kn102 kn min to max 108 kn 102 104 kn
92 % Average bank angle 4.4 °3.5 ° min to max 5.1 ° 4.3 4.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.03 g 0.98 0.99 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 846 ft/m631 ft/m min to max 1,092 ft/m 688 1,084 ft/m
Info Average altitude 526 ft agl400 ft agl min to max 690 ft agl 400 690 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.5 °4.4 ° min to max 6.8 ° 4.6 6.7 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead CYVR Vancouver Intl Vancouver (British Columbia, Canada). Climbing from 721 ft asl to 1,066 ft asl, an increase of 345 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 104 kn103 kn min to max 105 kn 104 104 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.7 °1.5 ° min to max 4.0 ° 4.0 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.98 g min to max 1.00 g 0.98 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 786 ft/m589 ft/m min to max 1,066 ft/m 1,066 589 ft/m
Info Average altitude 904 ft asl721 ft asl min to max 1,066 ft asl 721 1,066 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.9 °3.2 ° min to max 6.6 ° 6.6 3.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Richmond (Metro Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia, Canada) and lasted 9 minutes, covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,172 ft asl1,013 ft asl min to max 1,287 ft asl 1,075 1,013 ft asl
100 % Average speed 108 kn102 kn min to max 114 kn 104 113 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.4 °0.0 ° min to max 22.7 ° 1.4 16.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.95 g min to max 1.12 g 0.98 1.03 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-3.6 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.1 -0.3 °
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started overhead Richmond (Metro Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 101 kn76 kn min to max 116 kn 113 76 kn
100 % Average bank angle 12.2 °0.1 ° min to max 25.9 ° 16.0 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.93 g min to max 1.12 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -432 ft/m-792 ft/m min to max -20 ft/m -189 -534 ft/m
Info Average altitude 744 ft asl390 ft asl min to max 1,010 ft asl 1,010 390 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-3.3 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.3 -0.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 742 ft agl · 107 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 565 ft agl · 88 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 462 ft agl · 82 kt
Arrival Final 2 100.00Approaching runway 07 at CZBB Vancouver\/Boundary Bay from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 370 ft agl to 302 ft agl. A decrease of 68 ft in 9 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.8 °2.8 ° min to max 2.9 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 2.8 °
100 % Average speed 75 kn73 kn min to max 76 kn 76 73 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.2 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.3 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -465 ft/m-511 ft/m min to max -426 ft/m -511 -426 ft/m
Info Average altitude 335 ft agl302 ft agl min to max 370 ft agl 370 302 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.7 ° min to max 0.8 ° -0.7 0.8 °
11.251.51.752200250300350400Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-140-105-70-3503570105140Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 95.68Approaching runway 07 at CZBB Vancouver\/Boundary Bay from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 295 ft agl to 39 ft agl. A decrease of 257 ft in 48 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
78 % Approach angle 2.7 °2.0 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 2.8 2.0 °
100 % Average speed 66 kn64 kn min to max 73 kn 73 64 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.2 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -373 ft/m-513 ft/m min to max -93 ft/m -396 -480 ft/m
Info Average altitude 100 ft agl39 ft agl min to max 295 ft agl 295 39 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °1.4 ° min to max 5.2 ° 1.6 2.8 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-130-98-65-330336598130Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 73.23Landing on runway 07 at CZBB Vancouver\/Boundary Bay, runway length 4,997 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 64 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 64 kn. Target 70 kn
27 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.7 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.98 g min to max 1.08 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Average speed 61 kn56 kn min to max 64 kn 64 56 kn
Info Average VSI -254 ft/m-479 ft/m min to max -36 ft/m -479 -50 ft/m
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 29 ft agl 29 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °2.8 ° min to max 7.3 ° 2.8 7.3 °
025050075001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft0250500750-60-48-36-24-1201224364860Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 100.00Touchdown distance was good at 815 ft. Touchdown speed at 56 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was perfect at -50 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 46 °F. Wind 7 kn at 127 °. Crosswind: 4 kn Headwind: 5 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown VSI was -50 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 815 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 56 knTarget 61 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 3.7 ft3.6 ft left 3.7 3.3 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.4 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g1.01 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 1.03 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 56 kn56 kn min to max 56 kn 56 56 kn
Info Average pitch angle 7.2 °6.9 ° min to max 7.3 ° 7.3 6.9 °
Arrival Rollout 98.17Total landing distance 1,352 ft, 27 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,352 ft27 % of runway.
96 % Runway alignment max 12.1 ft3.2 ft left to 8.9 ft right 3.2 -8.9 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 1.01 g
Info Average speed 48 kn30 kn min to max 50 kn 50 30 kn
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °1.8 ° min to max 7.3 ° 6.9 1.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.1 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.5 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 7 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 10 kn6 kn min to max 24 kn 24 11 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °1.5 ° min to max 3.4 ° 1.5 3.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.0 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 11 kn10 kn min to max 14 kn 11 10 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 13 knmax 13 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °2.7 ° min to max 3.3 ° 3.2 3.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.0 0.6 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights ON should be OFF
Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Info Engine 1 Stopped 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Battery Master Off 3 ft agl · 5 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 73 kt with 4.6° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF4.6° off8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 26 kt 2.7° 0 s
Liftoff1,111 ft 73 kt 4.6° 16.4 s
35 ft1,753 ft · 5.3 s after liftoff 85 kt 7.8° 21.7 s
End of Climb 38,902 ft · 690 ft 104 kt 6.7° 69 s

Takeoff from CYVR 08R

Takeoff roll100.00
487ft5 %
Liftoff speed59.63
73kt
Runway alignment95.38
9.4ft L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.86
425fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 690 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 9,640 ft of runway left; then climbing at 790 fpm on average to 690 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

750 ft375 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 73 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 10,774 ft runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted left of the centreline, 9 ft at the widest, and lifted off 9 ft left. Airborne 4 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

2,0004,0006,0008,00010,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS1 kn75 %widest 9.1 ft LAirborne 491 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 491 ft of 10,774 ft · 5 %
Takeoff roll, 491 ft Left ahead, 10,283 ft

The approach to CZBB 07

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 2.4 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 80 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND729599353175
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 1,200 ft left of the centreline at 2.4 nm, then inside the band from 1.4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR1000 ft L01000 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND1154 ft L277 ft L18 ft L28 ft L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CZBB 07

Over the threshold

Threshold height65.44
29ft
Threshold speed100.00
64kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.0ft L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
818ft
Centreline100.00
3.7ft L
Speed100.00
56kt
Touchdown rate100.00
-50fpm
Impact100.00
1.06G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

5 kt across from the right, which takes about 5° of crab to hold the centreline at 56 kt. Touched down with 4° of it still on, wings level.

Wind 127° at 7 kt · 5 kt head · 5 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 51 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 9 s, an average deceleration of 0.16 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

020406030 kt · 581 fttouchdown604 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 4,997 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 29 ft, 21 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 818 ft in, 182 ft short of the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 4,997 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

29 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −49 fpm · 7.3° nose up · 56 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 29 ft, down at 818 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 450 fpm at 32 ft to 50 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.5° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−49 fpm at touchdown7.3° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 4,997 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 8 ft of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,0004,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 5 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 818 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 818 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,304 ft of 4,997 ft · 26 %
In the air over the runway, 818 ftRollout, 486 ft Left over, 3,693 ft
Rollout distance100.00
486ft26 % used
Rollout alignment95.93
8.9ft R

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