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KFLL
Fort Lauderdale, United States
Runway 10L
Elevation20 ft asl
Weight42,429 kg
Fuel6,357 kg
Wind130° · 9 kn · 6 kn cross

Flight Score

97.58 %
CYYZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 24L
Elevation545 ft asl
Weight37,426 kg
Fuel1,201 kg
Wind279° · 14 kn · 11 kn cross
13 Jul 2026 3:01 1125 nm E195 5,156 kg
Departure Score
99.25 %
Enroute Score
99.65 %
Arrival Score
93.83 %

What went well

Rollout held the centreline in a 11 kn crosswind — 1.63 m off at taxi speed
Touchdown 339 m in — inside the full-score zone
Airborne in 1,454 m — 57 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Flare profile at 62 %, Threshold height at 63 ft agl was above target at 83 %, −0.99 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown rate was -418 fpm at 51 %, g force 1.06 to 1.46 g at 88 %, −0.80 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 5.46 m left at 91 %, −0.26 points

Next time

Departure

Rotate the moment the speed tape reaches 137 kt, not after it.

What happened: Rotation was held until 157 kt, 20 kt past the 137 kt rotation target. Carrying that much extra speed into rotation usually adds unwanted energy right at liftoff.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator against the 137 kt rotation target.

Arrival

Fly the flare as one continuous check of the sink rate from 20 ft, holding back pressure steadily rather than adjusting pitch piecemeal.

What happened: The flare drifted away from its intended profile rather than tracking it smoothly from 20 ft down to touchdown.

Watch for: Watch radio altitude and VSI through the flare, aiming to arrest the sink smoothly from 20 ft to touchdown.

Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 14 minutes and covered 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kt0 kt min to max 19 kt 0 5 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 7 ktmax 7 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -1.0 °-1.3 ° min to max -0.7 ° -1.1 -1.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.4 0.1 °

Events

Info Engine 1 Started 7 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 7 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 7 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 5 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 10L at KFLL Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport, Average speed was 11 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 5 kt5 kt min to max 6 kt 5 5 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.2 °-1.3 ° min to max -1.2 ° -1.2 -1.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 96.25Departure roll runway 10L at KFLL Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport. Takeoff distance 1,454 m 57 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 158 kt. Local weather - Temperature 34 °C. Wind 9 kt at 130 °. Crosswind: 6 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,454 m57 % of runway
84 % Liftoff speed was 158 ktTarget 137 kt
97 % Runway alignment max 3.91 m right0.48 m left to 3.91 m right 0.04 -3.91 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.03 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-1.6 ° min to max 8.3 ° -1.2 8.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.2 1.7 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 10L KFLL Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average speed 165 kt158 kt min to max 172 kt 158 172 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.1 ° min to max 3.4 ° 1.8 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.12 g1.04 g min to max 1.18 g 1.04 1.18 g
Info Average VSI 679 fpm310 fpm min to max 1,122 fpm 310 1,122 fpm
Info Average altitude 18 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 51 ft agl 0 51 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.8 °8.3 ° min to max 11.5 ° 8.3 11.5 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 10L KFLL Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average speed 175 kt172 kt min to max 189 kt 172 189 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.1 ° min to max 2.8 ° 0.8 2.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.14 g1.10 g min to max 1.17 g 1.17 1.12 g
Info Average VSI 1,662 fpm1,155 fpm min to max 3,356 fpm 1,155 3,356 fpm
Info Average altitude 103 ft agl53 ft agl min to max 345 ft agl 53 345 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.1 °11.5 ° min to max 15.5 ° 11.5 15.5 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 74 ft agl · 178 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 236 ft agl · 191 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 10L KFLL Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 188 kt186 kt min to max 191 ktTarget 176 kt, 12 kt fast 190 187 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.1 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.8 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.90 g min to max 1.11 g 1.08 0.90 g
100 % Landing gear up at 67 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.2 °
Info Average VSI 4,209 fpm3,667 fpm min to max 4,622 fpm 3,667 4,622 fpm
Info Average altitude 663 ft agl407 ft agl min to max 918 ft agl 407 918 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 16.2 °15.3 ° min to max 16.9 ° 15.5 15.3 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead KFLL Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Fort Lauderdale (Florida, United States). Climbing from 1,009 ft asl to 38,116 ft asl, an increase of 37,108 ft in 14 minutes and covering 89 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 249 kt186 kt min to max 276 kt 187 232 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.7 °0.0 ° min to max 29.2 ° 0.3 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.77 g min to max 1.19 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 3,281 fpm253 fpm min to max 4,897 fpm 4,597 254 fpm
Info Average altitude 17,315 ft asl1,009 ft asl min to max 38,116 ft asl 1,009 38,116 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 8.2 °2.7 ° min to max 17.4 ° 17.0 3.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 2,201 ft agl · 201 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 7,615 ft agl · 249 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 10,689 ft agl · 293 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 11,099 ft agl · 301 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 37,975 ft agl · 427 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south east of 7FL3 Adams Ranch Airport Fort Pierce (Florida, United States) and lasted 130 minutes, covering 938 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,408 ft of 38,240 ft asl38,051 ft asl min to max 38,381 ft asl 38,158 38,060 ft asl
100 % Average speed 239 kt232 kt min to max 241 kt 232 238 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 15.1 ° 0.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °2.3 ° min to max 3.6 ° 3.6 2.4 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 5 miles south of CPE5 Port Colborne Airport Wainfleet (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 38,056 ft asl to 3,285 ft asl, a decrease of 34,772 ft in 15 minutes and covering 79 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 252 kt180 kt min to max 283 kt 238 181 kt
100 % Average bank angle 14.6 °0.0 ° min to max 28.0 ° 2.0 0.5 °
99.98 % Average g force 1.05 g0.80 g min to max 1.37 g 1.00 1.09 g
Info Average VSI -2,040 fpm-3,850 fpm min to max 521 fpm -20 -1,349 fpm
Info Average altitude 13,483 ft asl3,285 ft asl min to max 38,060 ft asl 38,056 3,285 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-4.2 ° min to max 2.7 ° 2.4 0.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 37,489 ft agl · 427 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 11,471 ft agl · 338 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 10,323 ft agl · 299 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 4,665 ft agl · 275 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 4,342 ft agl · 273 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 2,713 ft agl · 193 kt
Enroute Level 2 98.62Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of Bayview Woods-Steeles (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Altitude held within ±660 ft of 2,344 ft asl1,815 ft asl min to max 3,204 ft asl 3,204 1,815 ft asl
100 % Average speed 153 kt140 kt min to max 196 kt 192 141 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.2 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °-0.5 ° min to max 4.8 ° 2.1 2.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 2,684 ft agl · 211 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 2,476 ft agl · 170 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 2,259 ft agl · 184 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2,245 ft agl · 183 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 2,034 ft agl · 167 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 1,956 ft agl · 168 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 24L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport. Descent from 1,316 ft agl to 78 ft agl in 108 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 857 ft agl · 136 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 631 ft agl · 136 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 542 ft agl · 137 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 512 ft agl · 137 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 336 ft agl · 144 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 823 ft agl · 138 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 570 ft agl · 138 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 514 ft agl · 138 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 506 ft agl · 143 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 477 ft agl · 145 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 249 ft agl · 144 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 188 ft agl · 142 kt
Arrival Landing 85.09Landing on runway 24L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, runway length 2,742 m. Threshold height at 63 ft agl was above target. Threshold speed was good at 131 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 131 kt. Target 128 kt
83 % Threshold height at 63 ft agl was above target.Target 50 ft agl
62 % The flare wandered off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 2.4° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 339 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
91 % Runway alignment max 5.96 m left5.96 m left to 5.48 m left 5.80 5.96 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.1 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.07 g 0.99 1.07 g
Info Average speed 129 kt125 kt min to max 131 kt 131 125 kt
Info Average VSI -696 fpm-736 fpm min to max -597 fpm -666 -597 fpm
Info Average altitude 32 ft agl3 ft agl min to max 63 ft agl 63 3 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °4.1 ° min to max 8.0 ° 4.2 8.0 °
07515022530037501225375062Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 88.01Touchdown distance was good at 339 m. Touchdown speed at 125 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was hard at -418 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.0 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 32 °C. Wind 19 kt at 250 °. Crosswind: 7 kt Headwind: 17 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
51 % Touchdown rate was -418 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 339 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 125 ktTarget below 124 kt
89 % Runway alignment max 5.98 m left5.81 m left 5.96 5.51 m
99 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.9 ° min to max 3.2 ° 0.9 3.2 °
88 % Average g force 1.19 g1.06 g min to max 1.46 g 1.07 1.18 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 125 kt125 kt min to max 125 kt 125 125 kt
Info Average pitch angle 8.0 °7.9 ° min to max 8.2 ° 8.0 7.9 °

Events

Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 10 ft agl · 129 kt
Arrival Rollout 96.05Total landing distance 1,696 m, 62 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,696 m62 % of runway.
91 % Runway alignment max 5.46 m left5.46 m left to 2.13 m right 5.46 1.63 m
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.96 g min to max 1.14 g 1.14 0.98 g
Info Average speed 108 kt61 kt min to max 121 kt 121 61 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °-1.4 ° min to max 8.2 ° 7.8 -1.2 °
Info Average bank angle 1.8 °0.2 ° min to max 4.4 ° 3.4 0.6 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 40 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 31 kt17 kt min to max 56 kt 56 18 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.0 °-1.4 ° min to max -0.5 ° -1.4 -1.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.9 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 7 ft agl · 30 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 7 ft agl · 31 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 9 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 15 kt0 kt min to max 23 kt 17 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 14 ktmax 14 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -1.0 °-1.7 ° min to max -0.2 ° -1.6 -1.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.1 0.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 7 ft agl · 22 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 7 ft agl · 21 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 7 ft agl · 21 kt
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl · 10 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 157 kt with 8.3° of pitch. Climb 3 averaged 188 kt, 12 kt over its 176 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 176210 kt14070020°10°0°LIFTOFF8.3° off11° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090120 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 12 kt -1.2° 0 s
80 kt279 m 80 kt -0.9° 87 s
Liftoff1,248 m · target 137 157 kt 8.3° 103 s
35 ft1,518 m · 3.2 s after liftoff 169 kt 11.0° 106 s
Gear up1,631 m · 67 ft · full marks to 400 ft 173 kt 11.7° 107 s
Climb 32,275 m · 408 ft to 918 ft · target 176 188 kt avg 15.5° 115 s
End of Climb 32,932 m · 918 ft 187 kt 15.3° 121 s

Takeoff from KFLL 10L

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
1,454m57 %
Liftoff speed84.38
157kttarget 137, 20 fast
Runway alignment96.87
3.91m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
67ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
188kttarget 176
Rate of climb100.00
678fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 918 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 834 m of runway left; gear up at 67 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,960 fpm on average to 918 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3188 kt avgtarget 176THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120140KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 157 ktGear up 67 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,565 m runway.

Rolled from 213 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 4 m at the widest, and lifted off 4 m right, in 5 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 56 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS5 kn75 %widest 4.03 m RROLL 213 M INAirborne 1,461 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,461 m of 2,565 m · 57 %
Behind the start of the roll, 213 mTakeoff roll, 1,248 m Left ahead, 1,104 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Six checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.006 of 6500 ft 100.006 of 6
Gear down
Sink rate540 fpm610 fpm
On glideslope3.0°2.9°
On centreline0.2° off0.2° off
On speed+9.2 kt+2.7 kt
Wings level0° bank3° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 0.4 nm, about 200 ft above the runway, to the threshold, after the 500 ft gate.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to CYYZ 24L

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 110 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,3037134732391,000 ft gate6 of 61,041 ft · 137 kt500 ft gate6 of 6530 ft · 131 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 17× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 21 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR55 m L055 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND15 m L13 m L21 m L8 m L13 m L10 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 32 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 19 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +0 kt and +14 kt on the approach speed of 128 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

120140160180 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 128+12 kt+10 kt+4 kt+10 kt+3 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on CYYZ 24L

Over the threshold

Threshold height82.60
62ft
Threshold speed100.00
130kttarget 128, 2 fast
Centreline offset90.64
5.96m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
339m
Centreline89.32
5.98m L
Speed100.00
125kttarget 124, 1 fast
Touchdown rate51.25
-418fpm
Impact88.00
1.46G
BouncesOk
None
The flare61.51

The flare wandered off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 2.4° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 339 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.

The crosswind

11 kt across from the right, which takes about 5° of crab to hold the centreline at 125 kt. Touched down with 5° of it still on, wings level.

Wind 279° at 14 kt · 9 kt head · 11 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 123 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 51 s, an average deceleration of 0.10 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012060 kt · 1,416 m30 kt · 1,865 mtouchdown1,939 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,777 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 62 ft, 12 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare at 20 ft. Touched down 339 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,777 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

62 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 20 ft · −818 fpm · 5.7° · 128 ktdescent slowed at 0 ft · −416 fpm · 8°−418 fpm · 8° nose up · 125 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 62 ft, down at 339 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 820 fpm at the flare to 420 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.4° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−418 fpm at touchdown8° at touchdown, +2.3° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,777 m of the 2,742 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 5.5 m left of the centreline, and steered back to 2 m left by the end of the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 11 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 339 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 339 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 418 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 1,655 m of 2,742 m · 60 %
In the air over the runway, 339 mRollout, 1,316 m Left over, 1,087 m
Rollout distance100.00
1,316m60 % used
Rollout alignment91.22
5.46m L

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Flight narrative

Departing from runway 10L at KFLL Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport, the aircraft taxied from the parking position for 14 minutes, covering 3 nm before the takeoff roll. The takeoff distance was 1,454 m, representing 57 % of the available runway, and liftoff speed reached 158 kt. The departure weather featured a temperature of 34 °C, a 9-kt wind from 130°, with a crosswind component of 6 kt and a headwind of 7 kt.

The climb phase began immediately after departure, rising from 1,009 ft to 38,116 ft over 14 minutes and 89 nm, an increase of 37,108 ft. Cruise was maintained for 130 minutes, covering 938 nm, before a descent commenced 5 mi south of CPE5 Port Colborne Airport. The descent lowered the aircraft from 38,056 ft to 3,285 ft in 15 minutes and 79 nm, a decrease of 34,772 ft. A brief cruise segment of 3 minutes covered 8 nm before the final approach to runway 24L at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport.

On approach, the aircraft entered the final glide from the northeast, heading 227.0° at 4 nm and 1,270 ft AGL. Landing on runway 24L, the threshold speed was 131 kt and touchdown speed 125 kt, with a touchdown distance of 340 m and a touchdown rate of minus 597 fpm. The touchdown position was 5.8 m off the centreline. The total landing distance was 1,696 m, 62 % of the runway, and the runway rollout alignment was very good. After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking position in 9 minutes, covering 2 nm. The entire flight covered 1,125 nm, lasted 181 minutes, and consumed 5,156 kg of fuel.

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