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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Keep the back pressure coming once the flare is established, holding the nose up through to touchdown instead of easing it.
What happened: The flare arrested the sink but 725 fpm of it came back before touchdown, and in flights like this one that returning sink usually carries through to a firm or hard touchdown at 527 fpm.
Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: the sink held near zero all the way through touchdown, not allowed to build back up.
There are several things that can go wrong during the flare, carrying too much speed over the threshold, starting the flare at the wrong height and inconsistent flight control inputs, all contribute to a poor flare resulting in a hard touchdown or a float down the runway.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 142 kt, 6 kt below the 148 kt target, and lifted off at 153 kt 4.2 s later, the nose coming up at 2.2° a second. Climb 3 averaged 156 kt, 8 kt under its 164 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 965 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 960 m of runway left; gear up at 58 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,400 fpm on average to 965 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 2,501 m runway.
Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted left of the centreline, 2 m at the widest, and lifted off 2 m left. Airborne 49 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 110 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 35× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 11 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −2 kt and +4 kt on the approach speed of 137 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare wandered off the target profile. The flare arrested the sink and then let it come back - 725 fpm of it - so the aircraft dropped the last few feet. Touchdown was 859 m past the threshold. Keep the back pressure coming once the flare is established.
3 kt across from the left, which takes about 1° of crab to hold the centreline at 126 kt. Touched down with the nose 2° into wind, 3° of bank.
Wind 360° at 7 kt · 6 kt head · 3 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,850 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 48 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 33 ft; ballooned 7 ft from 5 ft. Touched down 859 m in, 555 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,850 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 210 fpm before coming down at 530 fpm to touch. The nose came up 2.8° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,850 m of the 2,755 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 2.1 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 4.2 m left at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 859 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 1.61 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
The Airbus A320-ceo departed from runway 03 at EHBK Maastricht Aachen Airport. The take-off roll used 1,232 m, 49 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 142 kt. Local weather was 12 °C with a wind 7 kt from 010°, a 3 kt cross-wind and a 7 kt head-wind.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl lasted 22 seconds, averaging 2,127 fpm and reaching 156 kt at the top. The aircraft then climbed from 1,402 ft asl to 10,003 ft asl in 4 minutes while covering 14 nm, remaining overhead Maastricht. Cruise was level at 10,000 ft asl for 3 minutes, covering 15 nm, beginning about 1 mile south-west of Montfort.
Descent began from 10,017 ft asl to 1,478 ft asl in 10 minutes, covering 36 nm, starting about 1 mile north-west of Ospel. The final approach to runway 03 at EHEH Eindhoven Airport descended from 1,439 ft agl to 69 ft agl in 108 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level. Configuration was landing gear down at 3,013 ft agl, 200 kt; final flap position 5 at 1,818 ft agl, 158 kt.
Landing on runway 03 used a runway length of 2,755 m. The threshold speed was 137 kt and was judged good. The flare was described as good; the aircraft dropped onto the runway at the end of the flare. Touchdown occurred 438 m beyond the touchdown zone at 126 kt, noted as fast, with a very hard touchdown rate of minus 527 fpm. Alignment at touchdown was very good. One bounce was recorded on touchdown. Total landing distance was 1,764 m, 64 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was very good.
After landing, the aircraft taxied to parking in 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm. The total flight distance was 75 nm, the flight time 29 minutes and fuel consumption 996 kg.
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