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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Use smaller, smoother aileron inputs to hold the climb bank angle near wings-level.
What happened: During Climb 3 the bank angle averaged 29°, well beyond a steady wings-level climb.
Watch for: Attitude indicator - bank angle, keeping it close to wings-level through the climb.
Arrival
Keep the back pressure coming once the flare is established, holding the nose up through to touchdown instead of easing it.
What happened: The flare arrested the sink but 301 fpm of it came back before touchdown, and in flights like this one that returning sink usually carries through to a firm or hard touchdown at 333 fpm.
Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: the sink held near zero all the way through touchdown, not allowed to build back up.
There are several things that can go wrong during the flare, carrying too much speed over the threshold, starting the flare at the wrong height and inconsistent flight control inputs, all contribute to a poor flare resulting in a hard touchdown or a float down the runway.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 17 stages, 15 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
A slow rotation
The nose came up at 138 kt against the 133 kt rotate speed, and rose at 1.3° a second, slower than the 2.1 to 2.9 other Cessna 750 Citation X pilots fly.
The rotation started on speed but the nose came up slowly. Make it one positive, continuous pull at the normal rate for this aircraft, rather than easing the nose up in steps.
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 3,003 m runway.
Rolled from 98 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 4.2 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.9 m right. Airborne 59 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 456 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 498 m of runway left; gear up at 8 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 830 fpm on average to 456 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The rotation detail below draws the rotation against the rates for this aircraft and its tail-strike pitch, where the slope reads properly. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
Rotation detail the pitch over the seconds from rotation to 35 ft, where the slope reads properly.
The pitch over the seconds from the nose starting to come up to 35 ft, stretched so the slope reads properly. The green dot is where the nose started up, the grey band runs to the wheels leaving, and the figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up. The two dashed green lines rising from the rotation point are 2.1 to 2.9° a second, the middle half of rotation rates flown by other Cessna 750 Citation X pilots over the last 180 days (54 takeoffs). A trace steeper than both green lines is a faster rotation than most, one shallower than both a slower one.
One stabilised approach gate: six checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 2.1 nm, about 550 ft above the runway, to the threshold, before the 500 ft gate.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Low from 3.3 nm, where the final began, to 2.6 nm (up to 580 ft under), then back on it to the threshold.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 853 m right of the centreline at 3.3 nm, then inside it from 2.7 to 2.5 nm, then drifted 105 m left between 2.5 and 2.1 nm, then inside the band from 2.1 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 31 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 18 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between +0 kt and +23 kt on the approach speed of 122 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Excellent landing flare
Touchdown
Rollout
Taxi in
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 40 ft, 181 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 18 ft, 32 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 512 m in, 207 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 720 fpm at the flare to 330 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.2° on the way down. Into the flare at 136 kt, 14 kt over the 122 kt approach speed, and 122 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,402 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 3.5 m left at the widest. 9 kt across from the left, which takes about 4° of crab to hold the centreline at 122 kt. Touched down with 4° of it still on, 2.4° of bank.
Wind 220° at 14 kt · 10 kt head · 9 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
Touched down 512 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.
From 120 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 16 s, an average deceleration of 0.29 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
The rest of the report
The Cessna 750 Citation X taxied from the parking area to the runway for 7 minutes, covering 1 nm, and departed on runway 06 at GMFO Oujda Angads Airport. Take-off used 1,775 m, 59 % of the runway, with rotation at 138 kt. Local weather was 31 °C, wind 18 kt from 219°, crosswind 5 kt and tailwind 17 kt.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 30 seconds, averaging 720 fpm and reaching 189 kt at the top. The climb continued from 1,982 ft asl to 33,545 ft asl in 21 minutes, covering 128 nm, beginning 2 nm north-east of GMFO. Level flight at 34,000 ft asl lasted 15 minutes, covering 111 nm, beginning 9 nm north-east of Qcar Dfiliya.
Descent from 33,121 ft asl to 4,391 ft asl took 13 minutes, covering 86 nm, beginning 4 nm north-west of Arfoud. Level flight at 3,700 ft asl continued for 8 minutes, covering 21 nm, beginning 26 nm north of GMMM Mhamid Airport. A further descent from 3,439 ft asl to 2,390 ft asl took 2 minutes, covering 5 nm, beginning 6 nm north-east of GMMM.
Final approach to runway 27 at GMMM Mhamid Airport descended from 545 ft agl to 24 ft agl in 79 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were met: gear down, sink rate, on glideslope, on centreline, on speed, wings level. Configuration was final flap position 1 at 7,338 ft agl, speed 291 kt.
Landing on runway 27 (runway length 2,402 m) had a good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 132 kt. The flare was described as excellent. Touchdown occurred 89 m beyond the touchdown zone at 122 kt, a little fast, with a firm rate of minus 334 fpm and perfect alignment. Local weather was 28 °C, wind 14 kt from 219°, crosswind 10 kt and headwind 10 kt. No bounce occurred. Total landing distance was 1,017 m, 42 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was very good.
The aircraft taxied to the parking area for 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm. The flight covered 359 nm in 67 minutes and used 1,439 kg of fuel.
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