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TNCM
Saint Martin, Saint Martin
Runway 10
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight714 kg
Fuel45 kg
Wind82° · 28 kn

Flight Score

84.59 %
TNCM
Saint Martin, Saint Martin
Runway 28
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight712 kg
Fuel43 kg
Wind249° · 46 kn · 10 kn cross
12 Sep 2026 0:07 8 nm Cessna 172 2 kg
Departure Score
94.86 %
Enroute Score
99.65 %
Arrival Score
59.26 %

What went well

Touched down at -131 fpm — a soft arrival
Lifted off at 60 kt — on the 67 kt target
Airborne in 223 m — 10 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold height at 144 ft agl was excessively over target at 0 %, g force 0.62 to 2.88 g at 7 %, −8.91 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 1,637 m at 0 %, Runway alignment max 13.09 m right at 73 %, −3.18 points
Firm touchdown — 131 fpm with one bounce, −1.49 points on the touchdown
  • Arrival Touchdown · bounced once−0.67
  • Arrival Touchdown · 2.50 G at contact−0.60
  • Arrival Touchdown · sink rate 131 fpm−0.23

Next time

Departure

Lower the nose and add power to raise climb speed to 78 kt.

What happened: Climb speed was 63 kt against a target of 78 kt, running 15 kt slow through the climb.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator against the climb target of 78 kt.

See Departure Climb 3

Arrival

Take the power back earlier on final, so the aircraft settles onto the path and the speed comes back to 61 kt together. Do not push down for the height: that only adds speed.

What happened: You crossed the threshold at 144 ft agl, 94 ft agl above the 50 ft agl target, and at 83 kt, 22 kt over the 61 kt threshold speed. High and fast together is energy the runway has to absorb, and this touchdown came 1,180 m beyond the aim point.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 61 kt on short final, then 50 ft agl over the threshold

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 11 stages, 9 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 10 at TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport, Average speed was -8 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 2 kt0 kt min to max 8 kt 0 8 kt
Info Average pitch angle 14.1 °14.0 ° min to max 14.1 ° 14.1 14.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.1 °
Info Average g force 0.96 g0.90 g min to max 0.97 g 0.97 0.90 g

Events

Info Taxi Lights Off  · 10 kt
Info Navigation Lights Off  · 10 kt
Info Beacon Lights Off  · 10 kt
Info Strobe Lights Off  · 10 kt
Info Landing Lights On  · 10 kt
Info Landing Gear Down  · 10 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted  · 10 kt
Info Parking Brake On  · 10 kt
Info Parking Brake Off  · 11 kt
Departure Roll 91.25Departure roll runway 10 at TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport. Takeoff distance 223 m 10 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kt. Local weather - Temperature 19 °C. Wind 28 kt at 81 °. Crosswind: 0 kt Headwind: 28 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 223 m10 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 60 ktTarget 67 kt
82 % Runway alignment max 11.03 m left11.03 m left to 0.00 m left 10.91 10.29 m
99 % Average g force 0.98 g0.79 g min to max 1.21 g 0.92 0.87 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °-2.4 ° min to max 13.8 ° 13.7 -0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 5.5 ° 0.2 5.5 °

Events

Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 96.92Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 10 TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
89 % Heading variation -1.8 °-2.0 ° min to max -1.7 ° -2.0 -1.8 °
100 % Average speed 64 kt61 kt min to max 66 kt 61 64 kt
98 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 5.7 ° 5.6 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g0.84 g min to max 1.40 g 0.87 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 746 fpm452 fpm min to max 874 fpm 452 872 fpm
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 31 ft agl 0 31 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.3 °-0.2 ° min to max 10.5 ° -0.2 7.4 °
Departure Climb 2 99.98Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 10 TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -2.3 °-3.6 ° min to max -1.8 ° -1.8 -3.6 °
100 % Average speed 67 kt64 kt min to max 73 kt 64 64 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.5 °0.0 ° min to max 13.6 ° 0.3 5.4 °
99.8 % Average g force 0.99 g0.73 g min to max 1.26 g 0.91 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 773 fpm558 fpm min to max 1,640 fpm 870 1,640 fpm
Info Average altitude 85 ft agl32 ft agl min to max 345 ft agl 32 345 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.6 °3.2 ° min to max 16.0 ° 7.3 16.0 °
Departure Climb 3 91.27Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 10 TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
78 % Climb speed 63 kt61 kt min to max 64 ktTarget 78 kt, 15 kt slow 64 61 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.7 °6.5 ° min to max 17.7 ° 6.5 17.7 °
100 % Average g force 0.95 g0.90 g min to max 1.05 g 1.05 0.90 g
100 % Landing gear fixed
Info Heading variation -4.5 °-4.8 ° min to max -4.4 ° -4.4 -4.8 °
Info Average VSI 1,711 fpm1,676 fpm min to max 1,766 fpm 1,690 1,676 fpm
Info Average altitude 404 ft agl374 ft agl min to max 433 ft agl 374 433 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 14.7 °13.2 ° min to max 16.4 ° 16.4 13.2 °
Enroute Climb 99.48Enroute climb started overhead TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport Saint Martin (Arrondissement de Saint-Martin-Saint-Barthelemy, Saint Martin). Climbing from 532 ft asl to 1,554 ft asl, an increase of 1,022 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 73 kt55 kt min to max 86 kt 60 86 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.4 °0.0 ° min to max 20.6 ° 20.6 5.4 °
95 % Average g force 1.00 g-0.05 g min to max 1.51 g 0.94 0.76 g
Info Average VSI 885 fpm-448 fpm min to max 2,856 fpm 1,466 370 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,088 ft asl532 ft asl min to max 1,554 ft asl 532 1,554 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.3 °-12.2 ° min to max 26.4 ° 11.1 -4.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,164 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,172 ft agl · 79 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,172 ft agl · 79 kt
Enroute Level 99.90Enroute level cruise started 1 mile west of Marigot (Arrondissement de Saint-Martin-Saint-Barthelemy, Saint Martin) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±578 ft of 1,514 ft asl1,268 ft asl min to max 1,715 ft asl 1,558 1,340 ft asl
100 % Average speed 93 kt73 kt min to max 116 kt 86 96 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.2 °0.1 ° min to max 29.9 ° 5.0 29.8 °
99 % Average g force 1.00 g0.58 g min to max 1.37 g 0.80 0.60 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -5.7 °-20.5 ° min to max 3.5 ° -8.3 -20.5 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,519 ft agl · 100 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,519 ft agl · 100 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 1,502 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 1,497 ft agl · 102 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 1,497 ft agl · 102 kt
Enroute Descent 99.58Enroute descent started 1 mile north west of TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport Saint Martin (Arrondissement de Saint-Martin-Saint-Barthelemy, Saint Martin). Descent from 1,301 ft asl to 306 ft asl, a decrease of 995 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 83 kt47 kt min to max 148 kt 101 92 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.5 °0.1 ° min to max 35.6 ° 29.4 6.4 °
96 % Average g force 1.05 g0.48 g min to max 1.71 g 0.66 1.42 g
Info Average VSI -482 fpm-6,317 fpm min to max 1,591 fpm -2,801 -902 fpm
Info Average altitude 450 ft asl299 ft asl min to max 1,301 ft asl 1,301 306 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.6 °-32.4 ° min to max 8.7 ° -24.4 -4.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 279 ft agl · 86 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 274 ft agl · 87 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 274 ft agl · 87 kt
Arrival Landing 46.53Landing on runway 28 at TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport, runway length 2,288 m. Threshold height at 144 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 83 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
41 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 83 kt. Target 61 kt
0 % Threshold height at 144 ft agl was excessively over target.Target 50 ft agl
82 % The flare mostly held the target profile. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 7 times on the way down. Touchdown was 1,637 m past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.
73 % Runway alignment max 32.17 m right2.32 m right to 32.17 m right -32.17 -11.97 m
80 % Average bank angle 3.2 °0.0 ° min to max 10.1 ° 8.2 0.5 °
7 % Average g force 1.01 g0.62 g min to max 2.88 g 1.07 0.62 g
Info Average speed 69 kt48 kt min to max 85 kt 83 48 kt
Info Average VSI -136 fpm-633 fpm min to max 174 fpm -180 -25 fpm
Info Average altitude 41 ft agl7 ft agl min to max 144 ft agl 144 7 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.1 °-9.0 ° min to max 5.8 ° -7.5 -6.1 °
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,6501,7251,8001,8750295886115144Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,6501,7251,8001,875-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 71.98Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 48 kt was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -131 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 13.1 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 19 °C. Wind 46 kt at 249 °. Crosswind: 10 kt Headwind: 45 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Touchdown rate was -131 fpm.
0 % Touchdown distance was 1,637 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 48 ktTarget below 61 kt
73 % Runway alignment max 13.09 m right12.51 m right -11.97 -13.09 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.1 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.5 1.7 °
29 % Average g force 1.09 g0.52 g min to max 2.50 g 0.62 1.26 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 48 kt48 kt min to max 48 kt 48 48 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-6.1 ° min to max 8.3 ° -6.1 8.3 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 42 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 18 kt0 kt min to max 23 kt 23 0 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.9 °-0.1 ° min to max 14.4 ° 8.8 14.4 °
Info Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 6.4 ° 2.1 0.4 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.62 g min to max 2.79 g 1.27 0.97 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On  · 18 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 60 kt with −0.2° of pitch. Climb 3 averaged 63 kt, 15 kt under its 78 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 7890 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF-0.2° off7° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0102030 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 4 kt 13.7° 0 s
Liftoff278 m · target 67 60 kt -0.2° 12.1 s
35 ft443 m · 4.5 s after liftoff 64 kt 7.4° 16.5 s
Climb 31,311 m · 374 ft to 433 ft · target 78 63 kt avg 16.4° 37.8 s
End of Climb 31,387 m · 433 ft 61 kt 13.2° 39.9 s

Takeoff from TNCM 10

Takeoff roll100.00
223m10 %
Liftoff speed100.00
60kttarget 67, 7 slow
Runway alignment81.61
11.03m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Climb 3 speed78.18
63kttarget 78
Rate of climb96.92
746fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 433 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,799 m of runway left; then climbing at 930 fpm on average to 433 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

500 ft250 ft0CLIMB 363 kt avgtarget 78THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 60 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,190 m runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted left of the centreline, 11 m at the widest, and lifted off 10 m left. Airborne 10 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 11.01 m LAirborne 226 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 226 m of 2,190 m · 10 %
Takeoff roll, 226 m Left ahead, 1,964 m

The approach to TNCM 28

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

On the glideslope from 0.7 nm, where the final began, to 0.3 nm, then high to the threshold (up to 120 ft over).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND339
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 115 m right of the centreline at 0.7 nm.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR290 m L0290 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND115 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 31 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 18 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 0.7 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to +32 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 61+13 kt+22 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on TNCM 28

Over the threshold

Threshold height0.00
143ft
Threshold speed41.46
83kttarget 61, 22 fast
Centreline offset72.71
32.17m R

Touchdown

Past threshold0.00
1,637m
Centreline72.79
13.09m R
Speed100.00
48kttarget 61 or less
Touchdown rate93.17
-131fpm
Impact28.57
2.50G
Bounces80.00
1
The flare82.11

The flare mostly held the target profile. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 7 times on the way down. Touchdown was 1,637 m past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.

The crosswind

9 kt across from the left, which takes about 10° of crab to hold the centreline at 51 kt. Touched down with the nose 3° right of the track, away from the wind, wings level.

Wind 249° at 46 kt · 45 kt head · 9 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 1,759 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 143 ft, 93 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare at 28 ft; ballooned 6 ft from 4 ft. Touched down 1,637 m in, 1,333 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,759 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

143 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT held off 206 m from the lowest point 80 ft400 Flare 28 ft · −379 fpm · −5.4° · 72 ktballooned +6 ft · from 4 ft to 10 ft−131 fpm · 2.9° nose up · 51 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 143 ft, down at 1,637 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 210 fpm before coming down at 130 fpm to touch. The nose came up 8.3° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−9°0°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−131 fpm at touchdown2.9° at touchdown, +8.3° from the flareclimbing 276 fpm
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,759 m of the 2,288 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 13 m right of the centreline.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 9 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 1,637 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 1,637 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 2.50 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 1,637 m of 2,288 m · 72 %
In the air over the runway, 1,637 mRollout, 0 m Left over, 650 m

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Cessna 172 taxied to runway 10 at TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport and commenced the departure roll, using a takeoff distance of 223 m which represented 10 % of the runway. Liftoff was achieved at 60 kt. Ambient conditions were 19 °C with a wind of 4 kt from 218°, including a 3 kt crosswind component and a 3 kt tailwind.

During the climb the aircraft departed the overhead area of TNCM, ascending from 532 ft asl to 1,554 ft asl - a gain of 1,022 ft - in 1 minute while covering 2 nm.

Level cruise began 1 mile west of Marigot and was maintained for 2 minutes, during which the airplane travelled 2 nm at a constant altitude.

The descent started 1 mile north-west of TNCM, with the aircraft descending from 1,301 ft asl to 306 ft asl, a loss of 995 ft, over a period of 2 minutes and a distance of 3 nm.

Final approach to runway 28 was executed from the east, initially at a heading of 258.0° and an altitude of 288 ft agl. The approach continued with a further descent from 500 ft agl to 196 ft agl in 34 seconds, and the aircraft was recorded as having scored on the stabilisation gates.

Landing was made on runway 28, whose length is 2,288 m. The threshold height at 144 ft agl was noted as excessively over target and the threshold speed was excessively high at 83 kt. Touchdown occurred beyond the midpoint of the runway, using more than 50 % of the available length. The aircraft touched down at 48 kt with a touchdown rate of minus 25 fpm, and the touchdown point was laterally displaced by 13.1 m from the centreline. Weather at the time remained 19 °C with a wind of 4 kt from 218°, a 3 kt crosswind and a 3 kt headwind.

In total the flight covered 9 nm, required 7 minutes of elapsed time, and consumed 2 kg of fuel.

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