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TNCM
Saint Martin, Saint Martin
Runway 10
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight986 kg
Fuel56 kg
Wind204° · 4 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

85.92 %
TNCM
Saint Martin, Saint Martin
Runway 28
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight985 kg
Fuel54 kg
Wind212° · 4 kn · 3 kn cross
12 Sep 2026 0:04 5 nm Cessna 172 2 kg
Departure Score
95.78 %
Enroute Score
97.60 %
Arrival Score
64.37 %

What went well

Touched down at -141 fpm — a soft arrival
Flare on profile — 97 %
Airborne in 614 m — 28 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was excessively high at 106 kt at 0 %, Threshold height at 198 ft agl was excessively over target at 0 %, −8.72 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 1,607 m at 0 %, Runway alignment max 9.56 m right at 88 %, −2.81 points
Departure Roll — Runway alignment max 16.98 m left at 58 %, Rotation speed was 77 kt at 87 %, −1.22 points

Next time

Departure

Apply small rudder corrections to track the centreline against a point at the far end of the runway.

What happened: The takeoff roll drifted 17 m off the centreline, and a heading variation of -1.4° usually follows into the initial climb.

Watch for: Heading indicator: wings-level runway heading held through the climb

See Departure RollDeparture Climb 1

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 9 stages, 7 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 10 at TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport, Average speed was 10 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 8 kt0 kt min to max 22 kt 0 22 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.0 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.99 g

Events

Info Taxi Lights Off
Info Navigation Lights On
Info Beacon Lights On
Info Strobe Lights On
Info Landing Lights On
Info Landing Gear Down
Info Flaps Fully Retracted
Info Parking Brake On
Info Parking Brake Off
Departure Roll 88.98Departure roll runway 10 at TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport. Takeoff distance 614 m 28 % of runway. Rotation speed was 77 kt. Local weather - Temperature 22 °C. Wind 4 kt at 203 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Tailwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 614 m28 % of runway
87 % Rotation speed was 77 ktTarget 64 kt
58 % Runway alignment max 16.98 m left16.98 m left to 0.00 m left 9.01 16.78 m
99.8 % Average g force 1.00 g0.54 g min to max 1.21 g 1.00 1.15 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-1.5 ° min to max 5.7 ° 0.4 5.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.5 1.9 °
Departure Climb 1 98.39Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 10 TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
94 % Heading variation -1.4 °-1.6 ° min to max -1.4 ° -1.4 -1.6 °
100 % Average speed 82 kt81 kt min to max 82 kt 82 81 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.0 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.80 g min to max 1.21 g 1.21 0.87 g
Info Average VSI 567 fpm405 fpm min to max 677 fpm 453 405 fpm
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 41 ft agl 0 41 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.4 °3.7 ° min to max 7.4 ° 5.8 3.7 °
Departure Climb 2 99.98Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 10 TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -1.9 °-3.0 ° min to max -1.6 ° -1.6 -3.0 °
100 % Average speed 84 kt81 kt min to max 86 kt 81 86 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.8 °0.0 ° min to max 21.0 ° 1.6 21.0 °
99.8 % Average g force 1.11 g0.87 g min to max 1.31 g 0.87 1.14 g
Info Average VSI 386 fpm73 fpm min to max 1,288 fpm 388 1,288 fpm
Info Average altitude 53 ft agl41 ft agl min to max 95 ft agl 41 95 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.8 °3.4 ° min to max 11.6 ° 3.6 11.6 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport Saint Martin (Arrondissement de Saint-Martin-Saint-Barthelemy, Saint Martin). Climbing from 183 ft asl to 586 ft asl, an increase of 402 ft in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 87 kt80 kt min to max 94 kt 87 93 kt
100 % Average bank angle 8.0 °0.1 ° min to max 27.8 ° 21.5 5.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.75 g min to max 1.18 g 1.08 1.12 g
Info Average VSI 640 fpm-290 fpm min to max 1,559 fpm 1,488 258 fpm
Info Average altitude 414 ft asl183 ft asl min to max 586 ft asl 183 586 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.7 °-0.6 ° min to max 13.1 ° 13.1 4.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 95.20Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of Marigot (Arrondissement de Saint-Martin-Saint-Barthelemy, Saint Martin) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±530 ft of 796 ft asl393 ft asl min to max 975 ft asl 593 393 ft asl
100 % Average speed 98 kt78 kt min to max 119 kt 95 112 kt
88 % Average bank angle 12.0 °0.4 ° min to max 45.8 ° 12.6 0.4 °
99 % Average g force 1.04 g0.59 g min to max 1.68 g 1.16 0.95 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-11.7 ° min to max 12.1 ° 7.1 -6.7 °
Arrival Landing 47.71Landing on runway 28 at TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport, runway length 2,288 m. Threshold height at 198 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 106 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 106 kt. Target 63 kt
0 % Threshold height at 198 ft agl was excessively over target.Target 50 ft agl
97 % The flare tracked the target profile closely. Crossing the threshold 43 kt above target, the aircraft floated down the runway before touching. Touchdown was 1,607 m past the threshold. The flare cannot burn off excess energy - fix the approach speed and the float goes with it.
99 % Runway alignment max 9.53 m right0.85 m right to 9.53 m right -7.61 -9.50 m
93 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 4.9 ° 3.5 0.1 °
85 % Average g force 1.01 g0.76 g min to max 1.52 g 0.96 1.33 g
Info Average speed 80 kt64 kt min to max 106 kt 106 64 kt
Info Average VSI -194 fpm-1,276 fpm min to max 264 fpm -1,276 -86 fpm
Info Average altitude 22 ft agl-9 ft agl min to max 198 ft agl 198 -9 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °-6.7 ° min to max 6.5 ° -6.7 6.2 °
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,6501,7251,8001,87504079119158198Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,6501,7251,8001,875-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 81.04Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 64 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -141 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 9.6 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 20 °C. Wind 4 kt at 212 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
91 % Touchdown rate was -141 fpm.
0 % Touchdown distance was 1,607 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 64 ktTarget below 63 kt
88 % Runway alignment max 9.56 m right9.48 m right -9.50 -9.48 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.3 °
95 % Average g force 1.03 g0.95 g min to max 1.33 g 1.33 0.95 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 64 kt64 kt min to max 64 kt 64 64 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °5.3 ° min to max 6.6 ° 6.2 5.3 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 57 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 26 kt4 kt min to max 29 kt 29 4 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °-0.1 ° min to max 4.8 ° 4.8 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.1 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 1.01 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On  · 48 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 77 kt, 13 kt above the 64 kt target, and lifted off at 81 kt 2.0 s later, the nose coming up at 2.9° a second.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second.

90 kt6030020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 645.8° off · 2.9°/s6° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH01020 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation began

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 38 kt 0.4° 0 s
Rotate426 m · target 64 77 kt 0.1° 12.4 s
Liftoff513 m · +4 kt from rotation 81 kt 5.8° 14.4 s
35 ft712 m · 4.4 s after liftoff 81 kt 5.9° 18.8 s
End of the climb1,067 m · 95 ft 86 kt 11.6° 26.2 s

Takeoff from TNCM 10

Takeoff roll100.00
614m28 %
Rotation speed86.84
77kttarget 64, 13 fast
Liftoff speed
81kt
Runway alignment58.18
16.98m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb98.39
566fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 95 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,374 m of runway left.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 77 kttarget 64Liftoff 81 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 2,190 m runway.

Rolled from 104 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 17 m at the widest, and lifted off 17 m left. Airborne 28 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS3 kn75 %widest 16.93 m LROLL 104 M INAirborne 617 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 617 m of 2,190 m · 28 %
Behind the start of the roll, 104 mTakeoff roll, 513 m Left ahead, 1,573 m

The approach to TNCM 28

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 0.7 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to 540 ft over).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND669
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 187 m right of the centreline at 0.7 nm, then inside the band from 0.4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND47 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 32 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 19 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 0.7 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to +50 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 63+40 kt+45 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on TNCM 28

Over the threshold

Threshold height0.00
197ft
Threshold speed0.00
105kttarget 63, 42 fast
Centreline offset98.71
9.53m R

Touchdown

Past threshold0.00
1,607m
Centreline87.53
9.56m R
Speed100.00
64kttarget 63, 1 fast
Touchdown rate90.68
-141fpm
Impact95.43
1.33G
BouncesOk
None
The flare97.24

The flare tracked the target profile closely. Crossing the threshold 43 kt above target, the aircraft floated down the runway before touching. Touchdown was 1,607 m past the threshold. The flare cannot burn off excess energy - fix the approach speed and the float goes with it.

The crosswind

3 kt across from the left, which takes about 3° of crab to hold the centreline at 65 kt. Touched down with the nose 5° into wind, wings level.

Wind 212° at 4 kt · 3 kt head · 3 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 1,729 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 197 ft, 147 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare at 23 ft. Touched down 1,607 m in, 1,302 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,729 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

197 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 23 ft · −494 fpm · 0.3° · 85 ktdescent slowed at 8 ft · −46 fpm · 5.2°−140 fpm · 6.3° nose up · 64 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 197 ft, down at 1,607 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 380 fpm before coming down at 140 fpm to touch. The nose came up 6.0° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−4°3°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−140 fpm at touchdown6.3° at touchdown, +6° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,729 m of the 2,288 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 9.5 m right of the centreline.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 3 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 1,607 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 1,607 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,607 m of 2,288 m · 70 %
In the air over the runway, 1,607 mRollout, 0 m Left over, 681 m

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Cessna 172 taxied to runway 10 at TNCM Princess Juliana International Airport and commenced the take-off roll. The aircraft accelerated over a takeoff distance of 614 m, representing 28 % of the available runway, and lifted off at 82 kt. Ambient conditions were 22 °C with a wind of 4 kt from 203°, a 3 kt crosswind component and a 2 kt tailwind component.

During the climb phase the pilot entered a left-hand pattern from runway 10, covering less than 1 nm in 13 seconds. The subsequent left-hand pattern crosswind leg also spanned less than 1 nm, taking 35 seconds. The downwind turn was 1 nm long with an angle to the runway of 45 degrees measured at 67.2 °. The downwind leg again was under 1 nm and required 13 seconds.

The approach began with a final approach to runway 28 from the east, heading 263.0° at 0 nm and 360 ft agl. Local weather at the time was 20 °C with a wind of 4 kt from 212°, a 3 kt crosswind component and a 3 kt headwind component.

A controlled descent was executed from 863 ft agl to 286 ft agl in 23 seconds, and the aircraft scored on the stabilisation gates during this segment.

Landing was achieved on runway 28, whose length is 2,288 m. The threshold height at 198 ft agl was noted as excessively over target and the threshold speed was excessively high at 106 kt. Touchdown occurred beyond the midpoint of the runway, using more than 50 % of the available length, with a touchdown speed of 64 kt that was considered fast. The touchdown rate was minus 86 fpm and the touchdown point was misaligned by 9.6 m from the centreline.

In summary, the flight covered a total distance of 5nm, taking 4, and consumed 2 kg of fuel.

Metrics
Metrics

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