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CYTZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 08
Elevation249 ft asl
Weight679 kg
Fuel35 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

95.94 %
CYOO
Oshawa, Canada
Runway 30
Elevation449 ft asl
Weight673 kg
Fuel29 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn · 1 kn cross
12 Sep 2024 0:27 35 nm Cessna 152 6 kg
Departure Score
97.93 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
88.94 %

What went well

Touched down at -78 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 150 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 3.77 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Arrival Final 1 — Heading variation 0.0 ° at 41 %, Approach angle 2.4 ° at 42 %, −1.62 points
Arrival Final 2 — Approach angle 5.5 ° at 63 %, Heading variation -4.9 ° at 67 %, −1.05 points
Arrival Landing — Threshold speed at 42 kn was well below target, take care not to stall at 54 %, −0.84 points
Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, −0.42 points

Next time

Improve the takeoff

See Departure Roll

The rudder input is a changing profile through the roll rather than one that is held. So the demand on your right foot starts large at power application, eases as speed builds and the rudder gains authority, then jumps again at rotation.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 20 stages, 17 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 08 at CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre, Average speed was 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 11 kn0 kn min to max 22 kn 0 4 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-0.5 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.6 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.0 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Departure Roll 95.00Departure roll runway 08 at CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre. Takeoff distance 421 m 35 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 54 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 2 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 421 m35 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 54 knTarget 56 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 3.01 m0.90 m left to 2.11 m right 0.90 -2.11 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 1.06 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °0.2 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.2 2.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.3 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Departure Climb 1 99.43Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 08 CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average speed 52 kn51 kn min to max 54 kn 54 52 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 0.4 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.18 g 1.08 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 349 ft/m168 ft/m min to max 548 ft/m 422 168 ft/m
Info Average altitude 31 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 52 ft agl 0 52 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °2.8 ° min to max 8.0 ° 2.8 4.0 °
Departure Climb 2 99.76Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 08 CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-1.9 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -1.9 °
100 % Average speed 53 kn50 kn min to max 69 kn 52 69 kn
99 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.4 ° 1.6 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.90 g min to max 1.12 g 1.01 1.08 g
Info Average VSI 305 ft/m-104 ft/m min to max 806 ft/m 166 706 ft/m
Info Average altitude 104 ft agl52 ft agl min to max 388 ft agl 52 388 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.5 °0.9 ° min to max 7.7 ° 4.0 7.7 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 164 ft agl · 61 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 167 ft agl · 62 kt
Departure Climb 3 97.54Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 08 CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -2.0 °-3.1 ° min to max -1.3 ° -1.9 -3.1 °
100 % Average speed 67 kn59 kn min to max 71 kn 69 64 kn
88 % Average bank angle 2.5 °0.2 ° min to max 6.7 ° 0.7 2.7 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.83 g min to max 1.11 g 1.01 1.01 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 739 ft/m447 ft/m min to max 1,265 ft/m 805 834 ft/m
Info Average altitude 695 ft agl402 ft agl min to max 991 ft agl 402 991 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.0 °4.3 ° min to max 13.7 ° 7.8 10.4 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile south east of Regent Park (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,260 ft asl to 2,359 ft asl, an increase of 1,099 ft in 2 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 76 kn60 kn min to max 91 kn 63 84 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.4 °0.1 ° min to max 22.6 ° 3.6 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.74 g min to max 1.18 g 0.88 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 594 ft/m-367 ft/m min to max 1,334 ft/m 804 250 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,647 ft asl1,260 ft asl min to max 2,359 ft asl 1,260 2,359 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.6 °0.8 ° min to max 15.1 ° 8.4 2.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 1,014 ft agl · 68 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles south east of Regent Park (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,510 ft asl2,409 ft asl min to max 2,688 ft asl 2,436 2,562 ft asl
100 % Average speed 92 kn64 kn min to max 107 kn 87 84 kn
100 % Average bank angle 11.3 °5.7 ° min to max 22.2 ° 5.7 9.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.61 g min to max 1.33 g 1.06 1.12 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.6 °-5.6 ° min to max 17.9 ° 6.9 6.0 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 4 miles south east of Moss Park (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 2,573 ft asl to 2,154 ft asl, a decrease of 419 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 100 kn82 kn min to max 113 kn 83 101 kn
100 % Average bank angle 14.3 °6.1 ° min to max 29.8 ° 12.5 14.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.79 g min to max 1.18 g 0.91 0.94 g
Info Average VSI -754 ft/m-2,009 ft/m min to max 549 ft/m 549 -1,575 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,340 ft asl2,154 ft asl min to max 2,579 ft asl 2,573 2,154 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.6 °-10.7 ° min to max 4.7 ° 4.7 -8.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 5 miles south east of Moss Park (Ontario, Canada) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,035 ft asl1,986 ft asl min to max 2,124 ft asl 2,124 2,080 ft asl
100 % Average speed 91 kn80 kn min to max 108 kn 103 82 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.8 °0.0 ° min to max 20.7 ° 12.2 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.79 g min to max 1.26 g 0.95 1.05 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-10.0 ° min to max 7.2 ° -9.4 1.9 °
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 4 miles south of The Beaches (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 2,082 ft asl to 2,455 ft asl, an increase of 373 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 85 kn80 kn min to max 90 kn 82 90 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.2 °0.0 ° min to max 15.8 ° 1.3 1.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.94 g min to max 1.10 g 1.01 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 341 ft/m-119 ft/m min to max 869 ft/m 74 230 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,201 ft asl2,078 ft asl min to max 2,455 ft asl 2,082 2,455 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.6 °0.6 ° min to max 7.4 ° 2.3 2.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south of The Beaches (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 10 minutes, covering 17 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,353 ft asl2,248 ft asl min to max 2,500 ft asl 2,493 2,302 ft asl
100 % Average speed 100 kn88 kn min to max 107 kn 88 98 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.3 °0.0 ° min to max 14.4 ° 6.9 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.83 g min to max 1.16 g 0.97 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-2.9 ° min to max 4.7 ° 2.8 0.7 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south east of Ajax (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 2,301 ft asl to 1,428 ft asl, a decrease of 874 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 98 kn93 kn min to max 103 kn 98 93 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.1 ° min to max 9.4 ° 7.8 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.11 g 1.01 0.95 g
Info Average VSI -651 ft/m-1,301 ft/m min to max 19 ft/m 18 -305 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,764 ft asl1,428 ft asl min to max 2,302 ft asl 2,301 1,428 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.9 °-6.7 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.9 -1.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 4 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles east of Ajax (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,455 ft asl1,290 ft asl min to max 1,532 ft asl 1,421 1,290 ft asl
100 % Average speed 97 kn78 kn min to max 106 kn 93 92 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.3 °0.0 ° min to max 24.5 ° 0.3 18.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.84 g min to max 1.24 g 0.99 1.24 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-9.5 ° min to max 6.2 ° -1.6 -3.4 °
Arrival 94.60Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 3 miles east of Ajax (Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 72 kn52 kn min to max 91 kn 91 72 kn
87 % Average bank angle 15.4 °0.2 ° min to max 34.4 ° 19.6 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.86 g min to max 1.35 g 1.23 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -409 ft/m-1,479 ft/m min to max 1,056 ft/m -838 -794 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,201 ft asl1,039 ft asl min to max 1,279 ft asl 1,279 1,039 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-10.6 ° min to max 10.0 ° -1.5 -4.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 847 ft agl · 88 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 829 ft agl · 88 kt
Arrival Final 2 84.31Approaching runway 30 at CYOO Oshawa from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 579 ft agl to 442 ft agl. A decrease of 137 ft in 9 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
63 % Approach angle 5.5 °5.2 ° min to max 5.7 °Target 3.0 ° 5.7 5.2 °
100 % Average speed 68 kn66 kn min to max 70 kn 70 69 kn
67 % Heading variation -4.9 °-6.3 ° min to max -3.3 ° -6.3 -3.3 °
93 % Average bank angle 4.8 °2.0 ° min to max 5.5 ° 2.0 5.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.82 g min to max 1.05 g 1.04 0.92 g
Info Average VSI -880 ft/m-1,156 ft/m min to max -548 ft/m -730 -1,051 ft/m
Info Average altitude 518 ft agl442 ft agl min to max 579 ft agl 579 442 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -6.9 °-9.8 ° min to max -2.9 ° -3.6 -8.9 °
Arrival Final 1 75.66Approaching runway 30 at CYOO Oshawa from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 423 ft agl to 24 ft agl. A decrease of 399 ft in 35 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
42 % Approach angle 2.4 °1.5 ° min to max 5.1 °Target 3.0 ° 5.1 1.5 °
100 % Average speed 51 kn42 kn min to max 70 kn 70 42 kn
41 % Heading variation 0.0 °-2.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° -2.0 0.2 °
95 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 5.0 ° 5.0 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.91 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 0.93 g
Info Average VSI -477 ft/m-1,084 ft/m min to max -253 ft/m -1,084 -308 ft/m
Info Average altitude 80 ft agl24 ft agl min to max 423 ft agl 423 24 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-8.6 ° min to max 2.7 ° -8.6 0.5 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-130-98-65-330336598130Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 87.44Landing on runway 30 at CYOO Oshawa, runway length 1,289 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed at 42 kn was well below target, take care not to stall.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
54 % Threshold speed at 42 kn was well below target, take care not to stall. Target 60 kn
96 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.9 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.92 g min to max 1.13 g 0.93 0.93 g
Info Average speed 38 kn32 kn min to max 42 kn 42 32 kn
Info Average VSI -239 ft/m-420 ft/m min to max -14 ft/m -315 -78 ft/m
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl5 ft agl min to max 26 ft agl 26 5 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.5 °0.1 ° min to max 8.1 ° 0.4 5.6 °
07515001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 99.61Touchdown distance was good at 146 m. Touchdown speed at 32 kn was good. Touchdown rate was excellent at -78 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 3.8 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Headwind: 2 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown VSI was -78 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 146 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 32 knTarget 44 kn
97 % Runway alignment max 3.77 m3.72 m left 3.68 3.77 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g0.93 g min to max 1.17 g 0.93 1.05 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 32 kn31 kn min to max 32 kn 32 31 kn
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °2.8 ° min to max 5.6 ° 5.6 2.8 °
Arrival Rollout 97.68Total landing distance 208 m, 16 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 208 m16 % of runway.
95 % Runway alignment max 4.47 m4.47 m left to 0.00 m left 3.79 4.47 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 0.99 g
Info Average speed 37 kn32 kn min to max 39 kn 39 32 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.6 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 8 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 19 kn19 kn min to max 29 kn 29 19 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 1.00 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 53 kt with 2.9° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

90 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF2.9° off5° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090120 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 0 kt 0.2° 0 s
Liftoff423 m 53 kt 2.9° 20.6 s
35 ft562 m · 4.4 s after liftoff 51 kt 4.6° 25.0 s
End of Climb 34,528 m · 992 ft 64 kt 10.4° 136 s

Takeoff from CYTZ 08

Takeoff roll100.00
421m35 %
Liftoff speed100.00
53kt
Runway alignment100.00
2.11m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.43
348fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 992 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 597 m of runway left; then climbing at 520 fpm on average to 992 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 53 ktSCALE CHANGES3.4 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,216 m runway.

Rolled from 57 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 2.2 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.2 m right. Airborne 39 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 2.16 m RROLL 57 M INAirborne 480 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 480 m of 1,216 m · 39 %
Behind the start of the roll, 57 mTakeoff roll, 423 m Left ahead, 736 m

The approach to CYOO 30

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 1.0 nm, where the final began, to 0.6 nm (up to 440 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND806320
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 402 m right of the centreline at 1.0 nm, then inside the band from 0.4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND397 m R33 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CYOO 30

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
26ft
Threshold speed54.09
41kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.06m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
150m
Centreline97.38
3.77m L
Speed100.00
31kt
Touchdown rate100.00
-78fpm
Impact100.00
1.17G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 270° at 2 kt · 2 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 40 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 4 s, an average deceleration of 0.14 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

020406030 kt · 76 mtouchdown91 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,289 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 26 ft, 24 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 150 m in, 155 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,289 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

26 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −77 fpm · 5.6° nose up · 32 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 26 ft, down at 150 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 390 fpm at 24 ft to 80 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.1° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−77 fpm at touchdown5.6° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,289 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 3.8 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 4.3 m left at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 150 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 150 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 199 m of 1,289 m · 15 %
In the air over the runway, 150 mRollout, 49 m Left over, 1,090 m
Rollout distance100.00
49m15 % used
Rollout alignment94.83
4.47m L

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31 Oct 2026 · 18 nm 96.93%
UK11 → EGXZ
Rufforth to RAF Topcliffe
Cessna 152
19 Oct 2026 · 22 nm 98.27%
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