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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Add power earlier on final so you reach 83 kt by the stabilisation gate, not just somewhere later on the approach.
What happened: The aircraft was 8 kt slow at the stabilisation gate, and arriving low on energy that early usually carries through to the threshold, where it crossed 9 kt under the approach speed.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 83 kt at the gate and 83 kt at the threshold.
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 19 stages, 17 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
Rotated late
The nose came up at 89 kt, 7 kt after the 82 kt rotate speed.
The pull started after the rotate speed had gone by. Bring the airspeed into the scan as it approaches the rotate speed, so the pull starts on the number rather than when you notice it has passed.
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 3,275 m runway.
Rolled from 101 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 4.5 m at the widest, and lifted off 4.5 m left. Airborne 19 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 961 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 2,358 m of runway left; gear up at 21 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,130 fpm on average to 961 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
At the 1,000 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 83 kt.
At the 500 ft gate: speed more than 5 kt below the approach speed of 83 kt.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 4 nm to 3.6 nm, then not again: slow from 3.6 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3.5° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 200 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3.5° here, which is about 370 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 60 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 105 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 42 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 25 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 3.6 nm, then slow to the threshold (up to −9 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Perfect landing flare
Touchdown
Rollout
Taxi in
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 41 ft, 55 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 29 ft, 21 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 284 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 490 fpm at the flare to 70 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 6.0° on the way down. Into the flare at 75 kt, 8 kt under the 83 kt approach speed, and 65 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,637 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 5.6 m left on the rollout, back to 1.2 m right by the end. 4 kt across from the left, which takes about 4° of crab to hold the centreline at 65 kt. Touched down with 4° of it still on, wings level.
Wind 213° at 4 kt · 1 kt head · 4 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
The 284 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.
From 63 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 26 s, an average deceleration of 0.07 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
The rest of the report
The pilot taxied from the parking area to runway 17 at UBBB Heydar Aliyev International Airport, a movement that lasted 30 minutes and covered 6 nm.
Take-off was performed on runway 17. The aircraft used 654 m of runway, which is 20 % of the available length. Rotation occurred at 89 kt. Local weather at departure was temperature 10 °C, wind 7 kt from 230°, giving a crosswind component of 6 kt and a headwind component of 5 kt.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 49 seconds, with an average climb rate of 1,050 fpm and a speed of 124 kt at the top of the segment.
The climb continued from 1,033 ft asl to 30,009 ft asl in 15 minutes, covering 32 nm; the climb began 1 mile west of Biny Selo.
Cruise was level at 30,000 ft asl for 89 minutes, covering 378 nm, beginning 4 miles south-west of Shongar.
Descent from 30,005 ft asl to 1,774 ft asl took 26 minutes and covered 89 nm, starting 2 miles north of Sarpi, with brief level-offs at 11,000 ft asl and 2,700 ft asl.
Final approach was to runway 29 at LTCG Trabzon International Airport. The descent from 1,728 ft agl to 19 ft agl lasted 184 seconds. Stabilisation checks were performed at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. The checks were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline and wings level; the speed check was not met. Configuration changes were: landing gear down at 1,972 ft agl with a speed of 126 kt, and final flap position 3 at 1,790 ft agl with a speed of 94 kt.
Landing was on runway 29, whose length is 2,637 m. The threshold height was good and the threshold speed was a little below target at 74 kt. The flare was described as perfect. Touchdown occurred 284 m down the runway at a speed of 65 kt and a rate of -66 fpm; runway-touchdown alignment was perfect and there was no bounce. Total landing distance was 906 m, which is 34 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was very good. Local weather at landing was temperature 10 °C, wind 10 kt from 220°, giving a crosswind component of 10 kt and a headwind component of 3 kt.
After landing, the pilot taxied to the parking area, a movement that took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
The entire flight covered 511 nm, lasted 150 minutes and consumed 434 kg of fuel.
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