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CYKF
Kitchener, Canada
Runway 26

Flight Score

77.57 %
CYKF
Kitchener, Canada
Runway 08
24 May 2024 0:11 14 nm Cessna Skyhawk 6 kg
Departure Score
82.90 %
Enroute Score
94.46 %
Arrival Score
41.79 %

What went well

Airborne in 587 m — 28 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — at 0 %, Landing and flare profile at 0 %, −8.62 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 1,154 m at 0 %, Runway alignment max 65.75 m at 0 %, −5.49 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 17.0 ° at 0 %, Heading variation 3.4 ° at 0 %, −5.29 points

Top opportunity

Shorten the long landing

Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 14 stages, 13 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, Average speed was 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 0 kn0 kn min to max 0 kn 0 0 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 84.18Departure roll runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 60 knTarget 62 kn
21 % Runway alignment max 25.78 m24.75 m left to 1.04 m right -1.04 23.69 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.07 g 0.97 1.07 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °0.2 ° min to max 4.0 ° 0.3 4.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.2 0.3 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 1,032 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 1,032 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 1,032 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,032 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 1,032 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 1,032 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 1,032 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 1,032 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Departure Climb 1 95.02Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
86 % Heading variation -2.1 °-2.3 ° min to max -2.0 ° -2.3 -2.0 °
100 % Average speed 59 kn56 kn min to max 60 kn 60 56 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.5 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.5 1.9 °
86 % Average g force 1.40 g1.09 g min to max 1.49 g 1.09 1.35 g
Info Average VSI 914 ft/m480 ft/m min to max 1,363 ft/m 480 1,363 ft/m
Info Average altitude 15 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 44 ft agl 0 44 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 15.6 °4.6 ° min to max 23.9 ° 4.6 23.9 °
Departure Climb 2 73.44Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
14 % Heading variation -4.0 °-8.9 ° min to max -2.0 ° -2.0 -8.9 °
100 % Average speed 68 kn48 kn min to max 95 kn 56 94 kn
90 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 5.7 ° 2.0 1.4 °
75 % Average g force 1.08 g0.43 g min to max 1.69 g 1.33 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 584 ft/m-622 ft/m min to max 1,833 ft/m 1,403 788 ft/m
Info Average altitude 140 ft agl46 ft agl min to max 374 ft agl 46 374 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.9 °-4.7 ° min to max 23.8 ° 23.8 5.4 °
Departure Climb 3 78.95Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Heading variation -10.8 °-12.5 ° min to max -9.1 ° -9.1 -12.5 °
100 % Average speed 94 kn90 kn min to max 98 kn 94 96 kn
95 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 1.5 3.9 °
99 % Average g force 0.99 g0.74 g min to max 1.13 g 1.04 0.81 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 671 ft/m293 ft/m min to max 1,086 ft/m 876 331 ft/m
Info Average altitude 668 ft agl389 ft agl min to max 936 ft agl 389 936 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °-1.4 ° min to max 6.8 ° 6.0 -1.4 °
Enroute Climb 73.20Enroute climb started 2 miles south west of CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo Kitchener (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,983 ft asl to 4,607 ft asl, an increase of 2,623 ft in 4 minutes and covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 97 kn85 kn min to max 118 kn 97 85 kn
48 % Average bank angle 9.2 °0.0 ° min to max 65.9 ° 3.1 8.6 °
39 % Average g force 1.08 g0.81 g min to max 2.31 g 0.98 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 686 ft/m-2,288 ft/m min to max 2,769 ft/m 104 1,847 ft/m
Info Average altitude 3,090 ft asl1,983 ft asl min to max 4,607 ft asl 1,983 4,607 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °-11.7 ° min to max 14.2 ° -0.2 10.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 99.26Enroute level cruise started 2 miles west of CYKI Roseville Field Kitchener (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 1 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 4,705 ft asl4,632 ft asl min to max 4,737 ft asl 4,632 4,734 ft asl
100 % Average speed 83 kn78 kn min to max 100 kn 82 100 kn
100 % Average bank angle 16.6 °1.4 ° min to max 28.9 ° 6.1 1.4 °
93 % Average g force 0.96 g0.62 g min to max 1.21 g 0.92 1.10 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °-4.5 ° min to max 9.4 ° 9.4 0.4 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles north west of CYKI Roseville Field Kitchener (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 4,810 ft asl to 4,177 ft asl, a decrease of 634 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 94 kn90 kn min to max 100 kn 99 94 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.3 °0.0 ° min to max 18.7 ° 0.3 12.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.88 g min to max 1.08 g 1.08 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -580 ft/m-918 ft/m min to max 491 ft/m 491 -877 ft/m
Info Average altitude 4,450 ft asl4,177 ft asl min to max 4,822 ft asl 4,810 4,177 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.0 °-4.9 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.1 -4.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles south east of Kitchener (Ontario, Canada) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 4,056 ft asl4,038 ft asl min to max 4,145 ft asl 4,145 4,042 ft asl
100 % Average speed 95 kn88 kn min to max 100 kn 95 88 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.0 °0.3 ° min to max 11.6 ° 11.6 9.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.88 g min to max 1.16 g 1.00 0.88 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -2.8 °-5.2 ° min to max -0.3 ° -5.2 -3.0 °
Enroute Descent 2 99.83Enroute descent started 2 miles east of Kitchener (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 4,035 ft asl to 2,885 ft asl, a decrease of 1,150 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 98 kn81 kn min to max 116 kn 90 112 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.6 °3.4 ° min to max 17.4 ° 17.4 5.2 °
98 % Average g force 0.99 g0.72 g min to max 1.28 g 0.88 0.93 g
Info Average VSI -651 ft/m-2,000 ft/m min to max 967 ft/m -287 -1,935 ft/m
Info Average altitude 3,633 ft asl2,885 ft asl min to max 4,076 ft asl 4,035 2,885 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.7 °-10.0 ° min to max 5.0 ° -3.9 -9.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 96.00Arrival started 2 miles east of Kitchener (Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 99 kn76 kn min to max 115 kn 113 76 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.5 °0.2 ° min to max 21.2 ° 11.6 15.4 °
80 % Average g force 1.01 g0.40 g min to max 1.28 g 0.95 0.40 g
Info Average VSI -760 ft/m-2,037 ft/m min to max -192 ft/m -2,037 -1,248 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,678 ft asl2,540 ft asl min to max 2,850 ft asl 2,850 2,540 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.7 °-16.5 ° min to max 0.1 ° -10.3 -16.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 1,604 ft agl · 106 kt
Arrival Final 1 52.36Approaching runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 1,470 ft agl to 506 ft agl. A decrease of 964 ft in 29 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Approach angle 17.0 °14.3 ° min to max 24.4 °Target 3.0 ° 14.3 24.4 °
100 % Average speed 85 kn79 kn min to max 91 kn 79 85 kn
0 % Heading variation 3.4 °2.7 ° min to max 3.8 ° 3.6 2.7 °
68 % Average bank angle 4.0 °0.0 ° min to max 15.2 ° 15.1 6.1 °
89 % Average g force 1.01 g0.77 g min to max 1.45 g 0.96 1.13 g
Info Average VSI -1,943 ft/m-2,452 ft/m min to max -1,273 ft/m -1,977 -1,273 ft/m
Info Average altitude 996 ft agl506 ft agl min to max 1,470 ft agl 1,470 506 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -12.2 °-16.6 ° min to max -6.0 ° -16.6 -6.0 °
00.250.50.7510501001502002503003504004505005506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,450Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-160-120-80-4004080120160Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 22.39Landing on runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, runway length 2,124 m. Threshold height at 494 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 84 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
47 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 84 kn. Target 63 kn
0 % Target 50 ft agl
0 % Landing and flare profile
0 % Heading variation -0.9 °-3.6 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.6 -3.6 °
82 % Average bank angle 3.3 °0.4 ° min to max 8.8 ° 0.8 3.4 °
50 % Average g force 1.01 g0.57 g min to max 2.13 g 1.03 1.20 g
Info Average speed 66 kn53 kn min to max 85 kn 84 53 kn
Info Average VSI -550 ft/m-2,163 ft/m min to max 524 ft/m -1,001 -643 ft/m
Info Average altitude 62 ft agl13 ft agl min to max 494 ft agl 494 16 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.6 °-15.6 ° min to max 16.2 ° -5.6 -1.8 °
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,350099197296394493Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,350-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 50.61Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 53 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was heavy at -643 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was excessively misaligned by 65.7 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
38 % Touchdown VSI was -643 ft/m.
0 % Touchdown distance was 1,154 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 53 knTarget 53 kn
0 % Runway alignment max 65.75 m63.00 m right -60.37 -65.75 m
83 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.4 0.4 °
42 % Average g force 1.56 g1.20 g min to max 2.27 g 1.20 1.28 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 51 kn50 kn min to max 53 kn 53 50 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-2.3 ° min to max 4.2 ° -1.8 4.2 °

Takeoff

84.18 %
100.00Takeoff roll587 m · 28 %
100.00Liftoff speed59 kt
20.90Runway alignment23.69 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
95.02Rate of climb913 ft/m
Takeoff weight997 kg
Airfield elevation1,030 ft asl
Wind270° · 1 kn · 0 kn cross

Approach

52.36 %
Not assessed1,000 ft gateNot recorded
Not assessed500 ft gateNot recorded
0.00Threshold height493 ft
46.68Threshold speed83 kt
0.00Centreline offset1.11 m R

Touchdown

50.61 %
0.00Touchdown point1,176 m
0.00Centreline at touchdown65.75 m R
37.61Sink rate-642 ft/m
41.71Touchdown force2.27 G
FailBounces1
Landing weight991 kg
Airfield elevation1,030 ft asl
Wind271° · 1 kn

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Six checks, two gates1,000 ft500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on CYKF 08

Past threshold
1,176 m
Off centreline
65.75 mR
Sink rate
-642 ft/m
Impact
2.27G

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

493 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 493 ft, down at 1,176 m

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,124 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 1,176 m past threshold CLEARED

Touched down 1,176 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 2.27 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 1,176 m of 2,124 m · 55 %

The rest of the report

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Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo in the Cessna Skyhawk
82.9 %
84.18 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 0 m using 0 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 60 kn - Target 62 kn
Alignment
20.9 %
24.75 m left to 1.04 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
60 30 0
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
5 2.5 0
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,000-20-15-10-505101520 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
95.02 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
Alignment
85.56 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
70 60 50
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
86.29 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
24 14 4
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,400 650 -100
73.44 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
Alignment
13.5 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 70 40
Bank °
90.32 %
6 3 0
G
74.86 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
24 10 -4
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,900 600 -700
78.95 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
Alignment
0 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 90 80
Bank °
95.05 %
4 2 0
G
99.43 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
7 3 -1
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,100 600 100
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,000060120180240300 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50100200300400500600700800900 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.5-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo in the Cessna Skyhawk
Landing Score 41.79 %
52.36 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 1,470 ft agl to 506 ft agl. A decrease of 964 ft in 29 seconds.
Glideslope
0 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
0 %
Poor heading alignment
Glideslope °
0 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
91 80 70
Alignment
0 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
67.5 %
16 8 0
G
88.57 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-1,273 -1,886 -2,500
00.250.50.7510501001502002503003504004505005506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,450 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-160-120-80-4004080120160 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
22.39 %
Landing
Landing on runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, runway length 2,124 m. Threshold height at 494 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 84 kn.
Height
0 %
Threshold height at 494 ft agl was excessively over target. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
46.68 %
Threshold speed was excessively high at 84 kt. Target 63 kt
Flare
0 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
0 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
82.3 %
9 4.5 0
G
49.71 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
85 67 50
Pitch °
Info
17 1 -15
Descent Rate fpm
Info
524 -838 -2,200
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,350099197296394493 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,350-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
50.61 %
Touchdown
Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 53 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was heavy at -643 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was excessively misaligned by 65.7 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
Touchdown
37.61 %
Touchdown rate was heavy at -646 ft/m.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 53 kt was a little fast. Target below 53 kn
Distance
0 %
Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway.
Alignment
0 %
Runway touchdown position was excessively misaligned by 65.7 m from centreline.
Bank
82.5 %
Bank angle 1.4 °
G
41.71 %
G 1.56 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Metrics
Metrics

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