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EDLN
Monchengladbach, Germany
Runway 13
Elevation121 ft asl
Weight1,573 kg
Fuel149 kg
Wind270° · 5 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

80.73 %
EDLN
Monchengladbach, Germany
Runway 13
Elevation121 ft asl
Weight1,550 kg
Fuel126 kg
15 May 2023 0:21 9 nm PA44 Seminole 24 kg
Departure Score
98.81 %
Enroute Score
91.30 %
Arrival Score
58.59 %

What went well

Touchdown 259 m in — inside the full-score zone
Airborne in 452 m — 38 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Final 1 — Heading variation 1.4 ° at 0 %, Approach angle 5.7 ° at 1 %, −5.40 points
Arrival Landing — at 0 %, Threshold speed was too high at 96 kn. at 54 %, −5.35 points
Arrival Touchdown — Speed at touchdown 87 kn at 19 %, bank angle up to 1.7 ° at 64 %, −3.05 points

Top opportunity

Work on the flare

Arrival Landing

Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 11 stages, 11 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 6 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 5 kn0 kn min to max 10 kn 0 9 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 8 knmax 8 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °1.3 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.4 2.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.1 0.7 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 3 ft agl
Departure Roll 97.36Departure roll runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach. Takeoff distance 957 m 80 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 76 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 5 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Tailwind: 4 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
80 % Takeoff distance 957 m80 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 76 knTarget 73 kn
87 % Runway alignment max 7.38 m5.35 m left to 2.03 m right 0.51 5.35 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.05 g 0.99 1.05 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °0.5 ° min to max 5.3 ° 2.7 5.3 °
Info Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.3 0.8 °
Departure Climb 1 99.94Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.7 °-0.8 ° min to max -0.7 ° -0.7 -0.8 °
100 % Average speed 81 kn76 kn min to max 84 kn 76 84 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.6 0.9 °
99 % Average g force 1.04 g0.76 g min to max 1.26 g 1.08 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 563 ft/m290 ft/m min to max 663 ft/m 290 663 ft/m
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 43 ft agl 0 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.5 °3.0 ° min to max 10.2 ° 5.9 8.8 °
Departure Climb 2 98.87Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.9 °-1.2 ° min to max -0.8 ° -0.8 -1.2 °
100 % Average speed 89 kn85 kn min to max 107 kn 85 106 kn
98 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 0.9 1.2 °
95 % Average g force 1.00 g0.82 g min to max 1.34 g 1.03 1.25 g
Info Average VSI 798 ft/m498 ft/m min to max 1,448 ft/m 668 1,294 ft/m
Info Average altitude 111 ft agl52 ft agl min to max 380 ft agl 52 380 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.6 °5.1 ° min to max 11.8 ° 8.9 11.8 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 118 ft agl · 89 kt
Departure Climb 3 97.86Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -1.7 °-1.9 ° min to max -1.3 ° -1.3 -1.6 °
100 % Average speed 109 kn106 kn min to max 112 kn 106 110 kn
90 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.1 ° min to max 5.6 ° 0.8 1.7 °
98 % Average g force 0.98 g0.87 g min to max 1.29 g 0.89 1.04 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,161 ft/m633 ft/m min to max 1,477 ft/m 1,434 1,402 ft/m
Info Average altitude 698 ft agl397 ft agl min to max 972 ft agl 397 972 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °4.5 ° min to max 10.3 ° 10.0 10.3 °
Enroute Climb 85.17Enroute climb started 1 mile north east of Korschenbroich (Duesseldorf District, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Climbing from 1,128 ft asl to 2,003 ft asl, an increase of 874 ft in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
65 % Climb speed 103 kn95 kn min to max 110 knTarget 85 kn 108 110 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.8 0.4 °
90 % Average g force 0.98 g0.70 g min to max 1.42 g 1.00 1.06 g
Info Average VSI 1,128 ft/m97 ft/m min to max 2,139 ft/m 1,545 97 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,638 ft asl1,128 ft asl min to max 2,004 ft asl 1,128 2,003 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 8.2 °0.6 ° min to max 15.9 ° 10.4 2.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 97.43Enroute level cruise started 2 miles east of Korschenbroich (Duesseldorf District, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,074 ft asl1,948 ft asl min to max 2,241 ft asl 2,005 1,948 ft asl
100 % Average speed 128 kn115 kn min to max 147 kn 115 145 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.9 °0.0 ° min to max 18.4 ° 0.3 0.4 °
74 % Average g force 1.03 g0.67 g min to max 1.70 g 1.12 0.93 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-6.4 ° min to max 5.2 ° 3.3 -1.0 °
Arrival 32.53Arrival started 2 miles east of Korschenbroich (Duesseldorf District, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 123 kn90 kn min to max 147 kn 140 96 kn
81 % Average bank angle 4.0 °0.0 ° min to max 35.4 ° 0.3 6.2 °
0 % Average g force 1.01 g-1.16 g min to max 3.34 g 1.09 0.95 g
Info Average VSI -143 ft/m-2,113 ft/m min to max 6,322 ft/m -196 -615 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,849 ft asl869 ft asl min to max 2,241 ft asl 1,945 869 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-7.8 ° min to max 40.5 ° -0.4 -1.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 1,465 ft agl · 126 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 1,576 ft agl · 116 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,913 ft agl · 121 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,967 ft agl · 115 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 762 ft agl · 97 kt
Arrival Final 1 51.39Approaching runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 736 ft agl to 62 ft agl. A decrease of 673 ft in 28 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
1 % Approach angle 5.7 °3.5 ° min to max 7.1 °Target 3.5 ° 6.9 3.5 °
100 % Average speed 99 kn95 kn min to max 104 kn 95 96 kn
0 % Heading variation 1.4 °0.2 ° min to max 3.2 ° 3.2 0.2 °
59 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.8 ° min to max 17.5 ° 5.3 1.4 °
94 % Average g force 1.07 g0.72 g min to max 1.36 g 0.95 1.13 g
Info Average VSI -1,414 ft/m-1,949 ft/m min to max -698 ft/m -698 -1,282 ft/m
Info Average altitude 330 ft agl62 ft agl min to max 736 ft agl 736 62 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -5.1 °-11.1 ° min to max -2.3 ° -2.3 -3.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 397 ft agl · 104 kt
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500550600Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-190-143-95-4804895143190Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 51.86Landing on runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach, runway length 1,196 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was too high at 96 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
54 % Threshold speed was too high at 96 kn. Target 76 kn
0 % Target 50 ft agl
54 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 2.0 ° 1.5 1.7 °
98 % Average g force 1.08 g0.94 g min to max 1.29 g 1.09 1.23 g
Info Average speed 92 kn87 kn min to max 96 kn 96 87 kn
Info Average VSI -801 ft/m-1,262 ft/m min to max -335 ft/m -1,262 -335 ft/m
Info Average altitude -62 ft agl-82 ft agl min to max -29 ft agl -29 -82 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-3.6 ° min to max 3.8 ° -3.4 3.8 °
07515022530037545052501223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 72.51Touchdown distance was good at 255 m. Touchdown speed at 87 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was firm at -315 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.5 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 5 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Tailwind: 4 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
72 % Touchdown VSI was -315 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 255 mTarget 457 m
19 % Speed at touchdown 87 knTarget 62 kn
83 % Runway alignment max 6.48 m2.78 m right -0.32 -6.48 m
64 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.8 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.7 1.1 °
99 % Average g force 1.12 g0.99 g min to max 1.26 g 1.25 0.99 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 83 kn77 kn min to max 87 kn 87 77 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.9 °1.8 ° min to max 4.0 ° 3.9 1.8 °

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll452 m · 38 %
100.00Liftoff speed75 kt
86.80Runway alignment5.35 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
99.94Rate of climb562 ft/m

Approach

Not assessed1,000 ft gateNot recorded
Not assessed500 ft gateNot recorded
0.00Threshold height-29 ft
53.80Threshold speed95 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.05 m L

Touchdown

100.00Touchdown point259 m
82.87Centreline at touchdown6.48 m R
19.48Touchdown speed87 kt
72.13Sink rate-314 ft/m
99.43Touchdown force1.26 G
OkBouncesNone

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on EDLN 13

Past threshold
259 m
Off centreline
6.48 mR
Sink rate
-314 ft/m
Impact
1.26G

Side view — the last 1,196 m of the approach.

-29 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — -29 ft, down at 259 m

Plan view — the full 1,196 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,000 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 259 m past threshold CLEARED

The 259 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 259 m of 1,196 m · 22 %

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach in the PA44 Seminole
98.81 %
100 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 6 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
3 2 1
97.36 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach. Takeoff distance 957 m 80 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 76 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 5 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Tailwind: 4 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 957 m using 79.97 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 76 kn - Target 73 kn
Alignment
86.8 %
5.35 m left to 2.03 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
80 40 0
Bank °
Info
3 1.5 0
Pitch °
Info
6 3 0
02505007501,000-15-10-5051015 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
99.94 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 80 70
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
99.43 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
11 7 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
700 300 -100
98.87 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
110 95 80
Bank °
97.53 %
3 1.5 0
G
94.86 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
12 8.5 5
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,500 900 300
97.86 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
120 110 100
Bank °
90.45 %
6 3 0
G
97.71 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
11 7.5 4
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,500 1,000 500
02505007501,00003468102136170 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50100200300400500600700800900 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.5-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach in the PA44 Seminole
Landing Score 58.59 %
51.39 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 736 ft agl to 62 ft agl. A decrease of 673 ft in 28 seconds.
Glideslope
0.93 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
0 %
Poor heading alignment
Glideslope °
0.93 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
104 97 90
Alignment
0 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
59.18 %
18 9 0
G
93.71 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-698 -1,349 -2,000
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500550600 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-190-143-95-4804895143190 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
51.86 %
Landing
Landing on runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach, runway length 1,196 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was too high at 96 kn.
Height
0 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
53.8 %
Threshold speed was too high at 96 kt. Target 76 kt
Flare
54.08 %
Poor landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
97.71 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
96 88 80
Pitch °
Info
4 0.5 -3
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-335 -817 -1,300
07515022530037545052501223354658 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300375450525-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
72.51 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 255 m. Touchdown speed at 87 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was firm at -315 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.5 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 5 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Tailwind: 4 kn.
Warning: Landed with a 4 kt tailwind
Touchdown
72.13 %
Touchdown rate was firm at -315 ft/m.
Speed
19.48 %
Touchdown speed at 87 kt was excessively fast. Target below 62 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 255 m.
Alignment
82.87 %
Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.5 m from centreline.
Bank
63.5 %
Bank angle 1.3 °
G
99.43 %
G 1.12 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Metrics
Metrics

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